陕北豆腐渣中不溶性膳食纤维提取工艺研究

采用响应曲面法(RSM)研究了酶浓度、酶解温度和酶解时间对豆腐渣中水不溶性膳食纤维提取率。实验结果表明豆腐渣中水不溶性膳食纤维最佳提取工艺条件为:酶浓度4%,酶解温度60℃,酶解时间5 h,在此条件下水不溶性膳食纤维提取率为56.27%。     

香蕉皮中膳食纤维总量提取的工艺研究

研究了从香蕉皮中提取膳食纤维的两种工艺:酶碱法、纯酶法;确定了最佳提取率的条件:Na OH溶液浓度、水浴时间、α-淀粉酶加酶量、胃蛋白酶加酶量,对提取香蕉皮膳食纤维总量的影响。实验结果表明:Na OH溶液质量分数为5%,水浴时间为50 min,α-淀粉酶加酶量为0.3 g,胃蛋白酶加酶量为0.3 g时,这两种方法对总膳食纤维质量的提取率均达到70%以上。并且分别确定了两种方法所提取的水溶性膳食纤维和非溶性膳食纤维的量,更清楚了解了不同的纤维在香蕉皮中的比例。结果表明:水溶性膳食纤维随实验因素变化不明显,非溶性膳食纤维对各个实验因素较为敏感,在适当的加酶量、Na OH溶液浓度、水浴时间下可得到最优提取。     

从柚子皮中提取膳食纤维的研究

通过正交实验确定了柚子皮水溶性膳食纤维的最佳提取工艺条件为 :温度 10 0℃、p H5 .0、时间 15min、提取液用量 10 m L· g- 1。此条件下产率为 7.10 %。同时分别采用化学法、酶法、酶与化学结合法从柚子皮中提取水不溶性膳食纤维 ,并且对 3种方法所得到的水不溶性膳食纤维产品进行了分析比较。结果表明 ,采用酶与化学结合法提取得到的水不溶性膳食纤维产品纯度最高、生理活性最好 ,产率 5 0 .98% ,蛋白质含量 1.35 % ,持水力和膨胀力分别为 2 .0 92 g· g- 1、3.2 5 m L· g- 1。     

罗非鱼鱼鳞粉直接酶解制备胶原蛋白的工艺研究

研究了罗非鱼鱼鳞粉直接酶解制备胶原蛋白的工艺条件。以胶原蛋白提取率为考核指标,采用单因素实验和正交实验确定最佳酶解条件为;100目罗非鱼鱼鳞粉质量分数7％、酶解温度65℃、酶解pH值8．5、酶加量0．05AU·g-1、酶解时间2．0h,在此条件下,胶原蛋白提取率迭95．79％。     

纤维素酶法提取杭白菊中总黄酮工艺优化

通过正交实验法研究了纤维素酶法提取杭自菊中总黄酮的主要工艺参数（酶添加量、酶解时间、酶解温度和pH）对总黄酮提取率的影响。纤维素酶法提取的最佳条件为：酶添加量0．5％、酶解时间2．5h、酶解温度55℃、pH5．0;此条件下总黄酮提取率比对照组提高了19．2％。     

龙虾副产品酶解调配虾酱工艺条件研究

本实验以虾头和虾壳为主要原料,采用酶解预处理制备虾调味酱。在单因素基础上,通过正交实验优化了酶解预处理的工艺条件和虾酱配方。结果表明,酶解预处理的最佳条件为:酶解时间7h,酶添加量3%,酶解温度60℃。在此条件下,氨基氮达34.68mg/g。虾酱配方比为:酶解液添加量55%,纤维素钠的添加量2.0%,黄酱添加量10%,淀粉添加量7%。在酶解预处理工艺优化下和最佳配方条件下,所制得的虾酱风味鲜美适口,海鲜风味明显,色泽呈棕褐色,稠度较好、无颗粒,不分层。     

纤维素酶法提取葶苈子多糖的工艺研究

优化纤维素酶法提取葶苈子多糖及其纯化。通过单因素实验和正交实验,研究酶解温度、提取时间、酶用量和pH值对葶苈子多糖提取率的影响,并经脱脂、热水抽提、乙醇沉淀、Sevage法脱蛋白得到葶苈子多糖。纤维素酶法提取的优化工艺条件为:pH值为5,加酶量4mL,酶解温度50℃,提取时间1h。在此条件下,葶苈子多糖的提取率平均为4.8%,RSD为0.12%。纤维素酶法提取葶苈子多糖省时高效,多糖的纯化方法简便,易操作,纯度高。     

超微粉碎酶解重量法提取膳食纤维

目前,国内提取膳食纤维方法主要以化学法为主,此工艺简单、投入成本低,已应用到工业化生产中,但由于在加工过程中对膳食纤维产品的理化性质和生理功能有明显影响。更为不利的是用化学法提取膳食纤维不可避免会排放大量的污水对环境造成严重的污染,而处理费用低价昂贵。有鉴于此我们创新性的提出采取酶解——重量法提取膳食纤维,此方法简单易行,可以除去大量的淀粉,蛋白质等成分,得到较高纯度的膳食纤维,并且安全环保,在目前提倡绿色经济的大环境下具有十分突出的综合利用价值。     

纸浆蔗渣酶法水解反应过程的考察

以蒸煮时间5．5小时,温度为155－160℃,P=0.6MPa,pH为4．5的40目的纸浆渣为底物,日本Yakult生物化学试剂公司的Onozuka-R-10纤维素酶为催化剂,在50℃,PH为4．8（乙酸－乙酸钠缓冲液）的条件下,考察了釜式和固定床反应器对酶解反应过程的影响,测定了在不同底物浓度时的酶解反应还原糖得率,探讨了酶的吸附以及酶活性在酶解反应过程的变化情况。实验结果表明,在本实验条件下,底物浓度高,转化率则低,固定床反应器对酶的吸附比釜式反应器略多;酶的活性变化在两种反应器中几乎没多大差别。     

普鲁兰酶在制备麦芽糖浆中的应用研究

本文通过优选的普鲁兰酶1#与β-淀粉酶协同作用于淀粉液化液,制备较高纯度的麦芽糖浆,其优选的工艺条件为pH值5. 5、温度60℃、β-淀粉酶添加量1. 3 kg/tds、普鲁兰酶添加量1. 0 kg/tds,在此条件下,酶解淀粉液化液,能够得到麦芽糖含量为78. 768%的酶解液。     

乳胶漆用消泡剂的性能比较

比较了目前市场上常用消泡剂DF1165、DF1166、DF681F和SN-245在不同乳胶漆体系和PVC体系中的消泡效率和抑泡效果,结果表明:DF1166的消泡性和抑泡性和SN-245相近;DF1166在苯丙体系消泡、抑泡性没有DF681F好,在醋丙体系和高PVC体系中表现优秀。     

Role of Frothers in Bubble Generation and Coalescence in a Mechanical Flotation Cell

Two frothers covering a very broad range from weak and selective (DF‐200) to powerful (DF‐1012) flotation performance were chosen to test the effect of frothers on bubble generation and bubble coalescence in a laboratory scale flotation cell. In two‐phase, gas‐liquid systems, the experiments showed that the frothers affect both the bubble breaking process and the coalescence of bubbles. While the DF‐200 frother, characterized by much larger critical coalescence concentration (CCC) values than DF‐1012, has the ability to produce finer bubbles at concentrations exceeding the CCC value, the bubbles generated in the DF‐1012 solutions at concentrations exceeding CCC are much larger.     

磷洗涤剂助剂--植物氧化处理物的研制

本文对植物的氧化处理物（简物DF）制备的工艺及性质进行了简要介绍，并作为洗涤剂助剂与阴离子及非离子表面活性剂匹配，进行了洗涤实验，结果表明：植物氧化处理物可作为软水剂，具有良好的助洗效果，可替代三聚磷酸钠。     

Dietary fiber potential in Iberian-American countries: food,products and residues

The reduced intake of dietary fiber (DF) has been associated with the increase in the incidence of several non-transmissible chronic diseases. Recently many researchers from Iberian-American countries have been studying DF of food and industrial residues in order to improve technological knowledge about concentrates production as well as the development and test of enriched products originated from regional food. The present study aimed to evaluate the regional DF potential based on compilation of data about this nutrient. There is great availability of regional and traditional food with considerable DF amounts as we may find in fruits, vegetables and cereals and legumes. Concentrated sources of DF obtained from different industrial residues were characterized and evaluated making possible their utilization in food enrichment. Cookies added to corn residues (16.8% DF in integral weight) in Colombia, and pasta added to lupine fiber in Chile (11.2%) are examples of tested enriched products. Products like bread with whole wheat (12%), products for especial uses as well as pills of citric DF (55%) and food for enteral diets (1-1.9%) are already available on Cuba market. The dietary fiber contents presented in this work allow us to have an idea of the potential of such nutrient in Iberian-American countries. Such potential has been proved to be considerably representative. It is worth to inform that the complete DF database is available on the CYTED X1.6/CNPq Project Web site (http://www.fcf.usp.br/cytedxi16). It provides data on 817 regional, traditional and not conventional foods, that can be searched and utilized by professional from different areas.     

干悬浮剂的工业化新技术

干悬浮剂(DF)是一种很有发展前途的环保型新剂型,在国际上倍受推崇。我国干悬浮剂的开发仅有10余年的时间,只有少数几个品种实现了工业化,其中的技术还未被普遍掌握。干悬浮剂工业化技术主要包括配方的开发、喷雾造粒设备的设计及操作技术,此3项技术并重而又相互关联。就这3项技术的基本内容作以介绍,为干悬浮剂的生产提供必要手段。     

Separation of diethylbenzene isomers by distillative freezing

Due to the close boiling points of the mixed diethylbenzene (DEB) isomers, it is rather complicated to separate them by distillation. A new separation technique, distillative freezing (DF), is successfully applied to separate p-DEB from the diethylbenzene isomers in this study. Basically, the DF process operates at a triple point condition, in which the liquid mixture is simultaneously vaporized and solidified due to the three-phase equilibrium. It results in the formation of pure crystals along with the liquid phase and vapor phase of the mixtures. The process can be continued until the liquid phase is completely eliminated and only the pure solid crystals remain in the feed. A model, whereby the DF process is simulated in a series of equilibrium stage operations, is proposed to direct the DF operation. In the model, each stage is operated under an adiabatic condition at a three-phase equilibrium. The experiments show that, in the p-DEB/m-DEB mixtures, p-DEB can be purified from 80% to 99% through several DF operations with the experimental recovery rate of p-DEB in one DF operation ranging from 58% to 77%. The unique feature of this new separation technique is that no filtration and crystal washing is required after the p-DEB crystals are obtained by DF.     

苯磺隆干悬浮剂技术浅析

通过对苯磺隆干悬浮剂项目的研究,进一步了解干悬浮剂的加工工艺和配方中各种助剂的相互作用;剖析助剂对主要技术指标的影响。     

6种除草剂防除烟地杂草效果评价

为了探索既对烟株生长无明显影响又能有效防除烟地杂草的新型除草剂,2004年我们对25%砜嘧磺隆DF等6种除草剂进行了药剂筛选试验,结果表明,芽前除草剂40%异松·仲灵EC和芽后除草剂25%砜嘧磺隆DF对烟地杂草的防除效果最好,6种除草剂对杂草防效的排序为:25%砜嘧磺隆DF>40%异松·仲灵EC>72%异丙甲草胺EC>50%敌草胺WP>6.9%精唑禾草灵EW>10.8%高效氟吡甲禾灵EC。     

DF石墨浮选剂的合成

为能更好地利用有限的资源,在DF煤浮选剂的基础上,研制开发DF石墨浮选剂,该制剂兼有起泡和捕集两种作用,具有浮选速度快,刺激气味小,无毒无害,节约药剂用量等特点。     

提高1.33dtex缝纫线型涤纶短纤维强、伸度探讨

通过正交实验分析了纺速、拉伸倍率、DF3出口处丝束温度对1.33dtex×38mm缝纫型短纤维强、伸度的影响,结果证明:对成品纤维强度的影响依次为拉伸倍率、纺速、DF3出口温度;对断裂伸长率的影响依次为拉伸倍率、纺速、DF3出口温度。在实际生产中,选用纺速1300m/min、拉伸倍率3.7、DF3出口温度190℃左右的生产工艺,可生产出断裂强度为6.20cN/dtex、断裂伸长率为23%±4%的合格产品。