W1813N无磁不锈钢表面激光熔覆Ni60与WC-12Co/Ni25涂层的组织结构和磨损行为（英文）

利用激光熔覆技术在W1813N无磁性不锈钢表面分别制备高硬度镍基自熔性合金Ni60(60HRC)涂层和低硬度Ni25基WC-12Co复合涂层。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和台阶仪,分析激光熔覆制备Ni60涂层和WC-12Co/Ni25复合涂层的显微组织、相组成和磨损行为。利用显微硬度、摩擦系数、磨痕轮廓对比2种涂层的耐磨性和磨损机制。结果表明,Ni60涂层显微组织主要为树枝晶和等轴晶,且Cr23C6,Cr2B等强化相弥散分布在γ-Ni和Fe Ni固溶体晶界;而WC-12Co/Ni25复合涂层中WC-12Co颗粒弥散镶嵌于低硬度Ni25基质,复合涂层中WC-12Co颗粒体积分数达到32.5 vol%。复合涂层中最大和最小显微硬度差异达到6480MPa。尽管2种涂层的摩擦系数相近,但复合涂层的磨损体积仅为Ni60涂层的10%,Ni60涂层表面的磨痕特征为犁沟状和塑性粘附,复合涂层磨痕表面为WC碎屑和塑性粘附,因此Ni60涂层的磨损机制为磨粒磨损和粘着磨损,而复合涂层磨损机制为粘着磨损。以上结果表明WC-12Co/Ni25复合涂层具有更好的耐磨性。     

W1813N无磁不锈钢表面激光熔覆Ni60与WC-12Co/Ni25涂层的组织结构和磨损行为

利用激光熔覆技术分别在W1813N无磁性不锈钢表面制备高硬度镍基自熔性合金Ni60（60HRC）涂层和低硬度Ni25基WC-12Co复合涂层。利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱（EDS）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）和台阶仪,分析激光熔覆制备Ni60涂层和WC-12Co/Ni25复合涂层的显微组织、相组成和磨损行为。利用显微硬度、摩擦系数、磨痕轮廓对比两种涂层的耐磨性和磨损机制。结果表明,Ni60涂层显微组织主要为树枝晶和等轴晶,且Cr23C6, Cr2B等强化相弥散分布在?-Ni和FeNi固溶体晶界;而WC-12Co/Ni25复合涂层中WC-12Co颗粒弥散镶嵌于低硬度Ni25基质,复合涂层中WC-12Co颗粒体积比达到32.5%。复合涂层中最大和最小显微硬度差异达到648 HV。尽管两种涂层的摩擦系数相近,但复合涂层的磨损体积仅为Ni60涂层的10%,Ni60涂层表面的磨痕特征为犁沟状和塑性粘附,复合涂层磨痕表面为WC碎屑和塑性粘附,因此Ni60涂层的磨损失效机制为磨粒磨损和粘着磨损,而复合涂层磨损机制为粘着磨损,以上结果表明WC-12Co/Ni25复合涂层具有更好的耐磨性。     

激光淬火层的转动微动磨损行为

利用激光淬火技术在LZ50钢表面形成淬火层.对激光淬火层及其基体材料(LZ50钢)在干态不同角位移幅值下进行了转动微动磨损试验,并采用扫描电子显微镜、电子能谱仪和形貌仪对磨斑进行微观分析.结果表明:与基材相比,激光淬火层在滑移区的运行范围向右移动,部分滑移区的运行范围缩小.激光淬火层降低了基体的摩擦系数,并提高了基体的耐磨性.在部分滑移区,激光淬火层损伤轻微;滑移区,激光淬火层的损伤主要表现为磨粒磨损.     

18CrNiMo7-6钢渗碳层摩擦磨损行为研究

利用环-块摩擦磨损试验机,在干摩擦条件下研究了18Cr Ni Mo7-6钢渗碳层摩擦磨损行为,用扫描电镜对磨损表面形貌进行观察。试验结果表明,在490 N的接触载荷和大滑移距离的试验条件下,18Cr Ni Mo7-6钢制备的块状试样渗碳层的磨损经历了快速磨损和稳定磨损两个阶段,且在两个阶段中渗碳层的磨损量和磨损深度随滑移距离的增加而线性增加。在快速磨损阶段渗碳层磨损机制以磨粒磨损为主;在稳定磨损阶段则以粘着磨损为主。     

WC颗粒对WC-10Co-4Cr涂层结构演变与性能的影响

为提高不锈钢表面的抗腐蚀耐磨损性能,利用等离子喷涂的方法制备了两种晶粒尺寸的WC-10Co-4Cr涂层,采用SEM、XRD表征了涂层的物相结构,在不同温度下进行了摩擦磨损试验,研究分析了晶粒对涂层微观结构与摩擦性能的影响。研究表明：相比较,纳米WC-10Co-4Cr涂层微观结构中包含WC、W₂C,还存在Co/Cr(W, C)的γ相,未发现微米涂层中析出的W2C将沿WC颗粒表面外延生长的包覆结构,而且纳米团聚粒子更容易沿扁平粒子边界收缩,明显减少了粒子内部的垂直贯穿裂纹。在室温和200℃时,纳米WC-10Co-4Cr涂层摩擦系数与平均磨损率均优于微米涂层。与微米涂层相比较,纳米WC-10Co-4Cr涂层在室温磨损的根源在于硬质颗粒诱发的犁削磨损,在200℃时为以粘着磨损为主的微域犁削相结合的磨损模式。并在3.5%NaCl溶液中将1Cr18Ni9Ti基体的腐蚀电位由-617mV提高到-335~-290mV,降低了腐蚀倾向。     

WC-(W,Cr)_2C-Ni/Ag复合涂层的制备及摩擦学性能

针对众多运动部件存在严重的摩擦磨损问题,使用大气等离子喷涂(APS)设备在1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢金属基材上喷涂制备WC-(W,Cr)2C-Ni和WC-(W,Cr)2C-Ni/Ag两种防护涂层,使用CSM摩擦磨损试验机考察两种涂层在室温下与Si3N4球配副时的滑动摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:Ag相的添加可明显降低涂层在干摩擦条件下的摩擦因数,并能减轻涂层的磨损程度;APS制备的WC-(W,Cr)2C-Ni/Ag复合涂层不仅具有优良的自润滑性能,而且具有极佳的耐磨性能,有望作为一种新型耐磨自润滑涂层材料。     

等离子喷涂沉积WC-10Co4Cr涂层的脱碳机制与腐蚀摩擦学特性

为提高不锈钢摩擦副在腐蚀环境中的服役寿命,利用等离子喷涂技术制备了WC-10Co4Cr涂层,研究了涂层的物相结构、腐蚀摩擦学特性与电化学特性。研究表明,等离子喷涂WC-10Co4Cr涂层中的WC脱碳产生少量W_2C、W以及η相,当喷涂电流为650A,电压为56V时,涂层孔隙率低、致密性好。涂层在中性溶液中的摩擦系数为0.3387~0.3682,呈现伴随(WC、W_2C)-CoCr电偶腐蚀的磨料磨损;在酸性溶液中摩擦系数为0.3224~0.3981,表现为CoCr相的点蚀磨损。等离子喷涂的WC-10Co4Cr涂层增强了1Cr18Ni9Ti基体的耐腐蚀能力,基体在3.5%NaCl溶液中腐蚀电位由-617mV提高到-335~-290mV;在酸溶液中将基体的腐蚀电位由-502mV提高到-206~-179mV。     

HVOF喷涂WC-10Co-4Cr涂层的砂浆冲蚀行为

以2种不同的HVOF喷涂系统和3种商用粉末在0Cr13Ni5Mo基材上喷涂6种WC-10Co-4Cr涂层,用自行研制的料浆罐冲蚀设备对涂层和基材的砂浆冲蚀行为进行了研究,分析了显微结构和显微硬度对涂层冲蚀性能的影响及涂层冲蚀后的表面形貌.结果表明,在文中试验范围内涂层和基材的冲蚀失重均随冲蚀时间线性增加;各攻角下,WC-10Co-4Cr涂层的耐冲蚀性远远优于0Cr13Ni5Mo不锈钢;除了分层和裂纹明显的涂层,HVOF热喷WC-10Co-4Cr涂层的冲蚀失重表现出对攻角不敏感的特征.涂层的冲蚀机制为粘结相的微切削和涂层片状剥落,低攻角下的剥落坑面积大而浅,高攻角时面积小而深,片状剥落的程度随涂层气孔率的增加而增加.     

HVOF/AC-HVAF热喷WC-10Co-4Cr涂层的耐冲蚀性能

采用高速火焰热喷涂系统（HVOF/AC-HVAF）在0Cr13Ni5Mo不锈钢表面制备了三种组织结构不同的WC-10Co-4Cr涂层,通过料浆罐冲蚀试验机对三种涂层和0Cr13Ni5Mo基材的冲蚀行为和冲蚀机制进行了研究,重点分析涂层组织与耐冲蚀性能的关系. 结果表明,三种涂层的耐冲蚀性能均优于0Cr13Ni5Mo基材,冲蚀失重仅为基材的6% ~ 35%,组织越均匀、致密的涂层耐冲蚀性能越优. 低攻角冲击时,涂层冲蚀机制以粘结相去除,WC颗粒剥落为主,基材冲蚀机制主要为微切削;高攻角冲击时,涂层冲蚀机制以涂层剥落为主,基材的冲蚀机制主要为变形磨损. 涂层的组织决定了不同试验条件下涂层的冲蚀行为和冲蚀机制.     

等离子熔敷TiC/γ-(Fe,Ni)复合涂层组织与耐磨性

为了提高奥氏体不锈钢的耐磨性能,扩大其应用范围,以Ti-C-Fe-Ni混合合金粉末为原料,利用等离子熔敷技术在1Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢表面原位合成了TiC增强耐磨复合涂层。分析了涂层的显微组织结构,测试了涂层沿层深方向的硬度分布,评价了涂层在室温干滑动磨损试验条件下的摩擦磨损性能,结果表明:等离子熔敷TiC金属陶瓷增强复合涂层显微组织细小均匀,由花瓣状和少量颗粒状TiC初生相均匀分布在TiC/γ-(Fe,Ni)共晶基体上组成,涂层与不锈钢基材之间形成了完全冶金结合,涂层平均显微硬度约790 HV,涂层在室温干滑动磨损试验条件下表现出良好的耐磨性及较低的摩擦系数。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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