烧结温度对SPS制备Ti-24Nb-4Zr-8Sn合金组织和力学性能的影响

利用放电等离子烧结技术(SPS)制备了Ti-24Nb-4Zr-8Sn合金,研究了烧结温度对合金相对密度、显微组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明:在1000~1200℃烧结温度范围内合金具有较高的相对密度和抗压强度,合金主要由β-Ti相和Ti-Nb固溶体组成的混合基体及少量α-Ti相组成;随着烧结温度的升高,合金相对密度和抗压强度呈增大趋势,合金中α-Ti相向β-Ti相逐渐转变,同时合金中Ti-Nb固溶体含量越来越少,且尺寸减小;合金压缩弹性模量在58~61 GPa之间,受烧结温度变化影响较小。     

镍元素对反应烧结碳化硅导电性的影响

研究了镍对反应烧结碳化硅导电性的影响,结果表明,随含镍量的增加,反应烧结碳化硅的电阻率降低,随测试温度提高,含镍的碳化硅虽呈现负的温度系数,但幅度减小,９００℃保温,随时间延长,电阻率几乎不变,这说明镍可改善反应烧结碳化硅的导电特性,同时还分析了镍的存在方式及其相结构。     

热压烧结温度对固相再生TC4钛合金微观组织及硬度影响

通过热压烧结法对TC4钛合金废屑进行固相再生,并对固相再生TC4钛合金的微观组织和硬度进行了分析测试,研究了热压烧结温度对固相再生TC4钛合金微观组织和硬度的影响。结果表明,在给定的热压烧结工艺条件下,TC4废屑结合良好,且没有产生新的亚稳相,再生坯料的相组成与母材一致,仍为典型的α+β组织。烧结温度升高,会使再生合金微观组织中的β-Ti晶粒长大,晶界模糊并导致部分针状的α-Ti以团束的形式析出,显微组织中的β-Ti相含量提高,针状的α-Ti组织则明显减少,烧结温度为1 200℃时,合金组织由网篮组织转变为魏氏组织。再生合金的显微硬度值也随着烧结温度的升高而提高。     

碳毡硅化制备Si—SiC复相陶瓷显微组织研究

研究了浸渍和未浸渍树脂碳毡硅化处理后的显微组织。结果表明：未浸渍树脂碳毡硅化处理后显微组织为反应生成的细小碳化硅颗粒均匀分布在游离硅中;而浸渍树脂碳毡硅化处理后反应生成的碳化硅颗粒粒径大小不一,且分布不均匀。碳毡硅化得到Ｓｉ－ＳｉＣ复相陶瓷的主晶相为α－ＳｉＣ、β－ＳｉＣ和游离Ｓｉ,不同晶型ＳｉＣ的出现与试样烧结过程中Ｓｉ／Ｃ反应的放热过程有关。     

新型钛合金连续加热过程中的相变研究

采用热膨胀法和金相法研究了以5℃/min的加热速率连续加热某Ti-Al-Mo-Cr-Zr-Si系新型钛合金过程中的相变过程、组织演变规律以及α相→β相的转变速率。结果表明:该合金连续加热过程中,在280~505℃温度范围内,板条状α相逐渐长大,且含量逐渐增多,发生β→α相变;在505~610℃温度范围内,板条状α相变细、变短,发生由短程扩散控制的α→β相变,此阶段温度对α相→β相的转变速率影响不大;在610~930℃温度范围内,板条状α相含量明显减少,直至消失,发生由长程扩散控制的α→β相变,此阶段α相→β相的转变速率随着温度的升高明显加快,当温度达到900℃时,α相→β相的转变速率逐渐减缓。     

Ti-35Nb-7Zr-10CPP生物复合材料的微观组织演变与力学性能研究

利用放电等离子烧结技术制备了Ti-35Nb-7Zr-10CPP生物复合材料,研究了不同烧结温度(950~1150℃)对复合材料致密度、微观组织演变与力学性能的影响及机理。结果表明,复合材料主要由β-Ti相基体、少量残留α-Ti相及CaTiO_3、Ti_2O、CaO、CaZrO_3、Ti_xP_y等金属-陶瓷相组成;随着烧结温度升高,复合材料中残留α-Ti相逐渐减少,而金属-陶瓷相逐渐增多;复合材料的压缩弹性模量与抗压强度随烧结温度升高呈增大趋势,但是当烧结温度超过1050℃时,由于金属与陶瓷的剧烈反应导致金属-陶瓷相迅速增多,从而使得压缩弹性模量快速增大。因此,当烧结温度在1000~1050℃范围时,复合材料获得了较好的综合力学性能,其压缩弹性模量为42~45 GPa、抗压强度为1240~1330MPa;同时,在模拟人工体液中浸泡7 d后,复合材料表面能够获得一层致密的类骨磷灰石层,显示了良好的生物活性。     

Ti6Al4V合金等温压缩时的扩散相变（英文）

利用Compu ThermPandat?软件及其自带的Ti数据库完成对双相Ti合金的热力学计算。对Ti6Al4V(5级)合金进行等温压缩,合金的初始组织为由层片状的(α+β)和β相组成的层片团结构。采用X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜和透射电镜表征材料的显微组织演化和相转变。用吉布斯自由能-温度和相含量-温度关系图预Ti_3Al或α_2 (hcp)相的存在、稳定性和相变温度。等温压缩后,(α+β)相区的特征为α/β片层的重新定向和局部扭曲以及在α/β界面区的开裂。而在α→β相变区,β相和α/β相界发生变形,大量的α相转变为β相,板条状α相发生马氏体相变和球化。在β相区,α相完全转变为β单相。结果表明,变形Ti6Al4V合金中形成Ti_3Al或α_2(hcp)、β(bcc)和α(hcp)相以及密排六方α'和斜方α'相。变形温度对屈服应力水平、动态回复和动态球化均存在影响。     

新型高强度钛合金47Ti-45Zr-5Al-3V退火后的微观组织与力学性能

通过对47Ti-45Zr-5Al-3V合金进行不同温度退火处理,对其微观组织与性能的演变规律进行研究。结果表明,经过高温锻造后的47Ti-45Zr-5Al-3V合金由α+β相组成,在550℃以上温度热处理时合金中α相向β相转变。随温度升高合金中β相含量增加,当温度为800℃时α相全部转变为β相。热处理对47Ti-45Zr-5Al-3V合金的力学性能的影响取决于α相和β相含量。合金抗拉强度随β相含量增加降低,而伸长率增加。     

热变形参数对47Zr-45Ti-5Al-3V合金β→α相转变的影响

采用Gleeble 3500热模拟实验机和D/MAX-2500/PC型X射线衍射仪研究了热变形参数对47Zr-45Ti-5Al-3V合金β→α相转变的影响。结果表明,在850℃固溶处理后,该合金发生完全再结晶,再结晶晶粒尺寸为224μm,合金的组织由单一β相组成。在α+β两相区热变形过程中,该合金将发生β→α相的转变,其相变行为依赖于应变速率和变形温度。在低应变速率变形时,该合金发生了β→α相的转变;而在高应变速率变形时,该合金发生α→β相转变。在低温高应变速率变形时,该合金中析出的α相为针状。随变形温度的升高和应变速率的降低,针状α相发生球化,而且球状α相的体积分数逐渐增加。当变形温度为600℃和应变速率为10~(-3)s~(-1)时,针状α相完全球化。     

树脂对碳毡硅化处理后的显微组织与性能影响

研究了树脂对碳毡经处理后的显微组织与性能影响。结果表明,未浸渍树脂的碳毡硅化处理后的显微组织特点是反应生成的碳化硅颗细注且均匀分布在游离硅中;而浸渍树脂的碳毡硅化处理后的显微组织特点是反应生成的碳化硅颗粒粒径及分布均不均匀。大颗粒碳化硅的出现造成了试样断裂强度的降低,ＸＲＤ结果表明Ｓｉ－ＳｉＣ复相陶瓷的主晶相为α－ＳｉＣ,β－ＳｉＣ和游离Ｓｉ,不同晶型ＳｉＣ的出现与试样烧结过程中Ｓｉ／Ｃ反应的放热     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.