基于有限元计算的形状记忆合金-金属玻璃复合材料变形行为

利用有限元模拟方法,研究了拉伸-卸载预应变对形状记忆合金-金属玻璃复合材料力学行为的影响及其内在机理.结果表明:预处理应变增加,形状记忆合金-金属玻璃复合材料的屈服强度及弹性应变极限均提高,但拉伸延展性急剧下降.预应变增加导致形状记忆合金颗粒第二次加载时的变形行为由典型的马氏体相变过渡为连续的马氏体相变,甚至表现为纯马氏体相的弹性变形.这一"相变效应"的减弱甚至消失,是形状记忆合金-金属玻璃复合材料经拉伸-卸载预处理后拉伸性能退化的直接原因.     

TiNi和TiNiCu记忆合金薄膜的温度记忆效应研究

在形状记忆合金的相变过程中,如果温度升至TS后停止升温,并降温至马氏体相变结束温度Mf以下,则在下一次完全相变循环中出现动力学停顿,而这一动力学停止温度点与上次的停止温度密切相关,这一现象被称为温度记忆效应。该文通过示差扫描量热法对TiNi和TiNiCu合金薄膜进行一次或连续几次不完全相变,系统地研究了温度记忆效应。结果表明,不仅温度记忆效应是形状记忆合金固有现象,而且温度记忆效应与马氏体变体间的弹性能及母相和马氏体相之间的共格应变密切相关。     

Fe-Mn-Si基形状记忆合金耐磨性的研究

通过滑动摩擦磨损试验研究了一种Fe-Mn-Si基形状记忆合金的耐磨性,并借助扫描电镜(SEM)观察,X射线衍射(XRD)等手段研究了其摩擦磨损过程的相变机制.研究发现油摩擦时,Fe-Mn-Si基形状记忆合金具有良好的耐磨性,磨损机制为磨粒磨损.XRD分析和SEM观察表明,油摩擦时Fe-Mn-Si基记忆合金可通过应力诱发γ→ε马氏体相变及其相变伪弹性降低应力集中,抑制塑性滑移变形,避免微裂纹的形成和扩展提高其耐磨性.     

形状记忆合金研究的回顾与前瞻

回顾了与形状记忆效应有紧密联系的马氏体相变一百多年来的发展，介绍了在此基础上研制的各种形状记忆合金的优缺点、发展动向、应用和应用前景，详细论述了在９０年代国际上重点研究的铁基形状记忆合金的研究现状，指出了该研究的发展方向。     

马氏体相变理论研究历程及存在的问题

深入研究马氏体相变机理具有重要理论意义和应用价值.对于马氏体相变理论的研究情况进行了概括和评价.指出马氏体相变的切变机制缺乏试验依据和热力学可能性,存在严重误区,是不成熟的学说,应开展新机制的研究,开创马氏体相变理论研究的新局面.     

双程形状记忆效应的唯象动力学模型

构造可以用于描述一维结构的形状记忆合金（SMA）的双程形状记忆效应的唯象动力学模型. 该模型基于与形状记忆合金中热弹性相变有关的唯象理论,将应力场和热场下的滞回环曲线视为马氏体相变和马氏体变体重构在宏观层面上的表现. 为了模拟温度诱发的相变,构造非凸自由能函数,使得函数的每个局部平衡对应于相变过程中的一个相. 在外部负载（力或者热）的作用下,可以通过模拟系统状态（应变）在不同平衡态之间的转变,研究温度诱发的相变. 相变动力学的控制方程采用拉格朗日方程,以非线性微分方程来表示. 利用非线性常微分方程描述单程形状记忆效应,通过对不同相变过程的加权组合描述双程形状记忆效应. 开展有关力和热负载下的数值实验,模拟热和应力诱发的相变以及热负载下与单程形状记忆效应和双程形状记忆效应有关的滞回环,模拟马氏体重构所导致的单滞回环以及超弹性效应所引起的双滞回环. 从实验结果可以看出,双程形状记忆效应及超弹性效应均可以被提出的模型成功捕捉,验证了该模型的描述能力.     

形状记忆合金研究的回顾与前瞻

回顾了与形状记忆效应有紧密联系的马氏体相变一百多年来的发展，介绍了在此基础上研制的各种形状记忆合金的优缺点、发展动向、应用和应用前景，详细论述了在９０年代国际上重点研究的铁基形状记忆合金的研究现状，指出了该研究的发展方向。     

冷热循环对TiNi记忆合金接头相变温度的影响

通过DSC、TEM和X-ray衍射等分析手段，研究了冷热循环对TiNi形状记忆合金精密脉冲电阻对焊接接头相变温度的影响，从微观角度研究了焊接接头相变温度变化机理。研究表明，冷热循环对焊接接头相变温度具有较大的影响，由于位错密度的变化和金属间化合物的析出与长大，马氏体向奥氏体转变的起始温度As和终了温度Af均随冷热循环次数的增加而提高。     

CuZnAlMnNi记忆合金马氏体相变热容的研究

采用差示扫描量热分析技术在超低降温速率下,研究了ＣｕＺｎＡｌＭｎＮｉ形状记忆合金的马氏体相变热容,通过计算,该合金由母相向马氏体转变时的最大热容和最大比热容分别是４３．８ｍＪ／Ｋ和５７４．１ｍＪ／ｇ．Ｋ其平均热容和平均比热容分别是１２．６３ｍＪ／Ｋ和１６５．４８ｍＪ／ｇ．Ｋ。     

NiTi形状记忆合金拉伸变形失稳研究

介绍镍钛形状记忆合金发生应力诱发马氏体相变时的宏观失稳现象,研究微观晶粒内相变(材料失稳)因自催化效应逾渗到宏观水平所表现的类L櫣ders变形带演化(变形失稳),同步测量应力-应变响应、表面形貌和表面温度,跟踪了不同热-机械复合加载条件下构件力学行为的变化.从能量学角度对观察到的变形失稳现象进行理论分析.实验结果表明,宏观变形带的相貌演化与力学响应密切相关,探讨了建立该类材料的本构关系.     

Phase transformation behaviors and shape memory effects of TiNiFeAl shape memory alloys

Measurements of electrical resistivity, X-ray diffraction, and tensile test at room temperature and ?196°C were performed to investigate the effects of Al addition substituting Ni on the phase transformation behaviors, the mechanical properties, and the shape memory effects of Ti50Ni47Fe2Al1 and Ti50Ni46.5Fe2.5Al1 alloys. It is found that 1at% Al addition dramatically decreases the martensitic start transformation temperature and expands the transformation temperature range of R-phase for TiNiFeAl alloys. The results of tensile test indicate that 1at% Al improves the yield strength of Ti50Ni47Fe2Al1 and Ti50Ni46.5Fe2.5Al1 alloys by 40% and 64%, but de- creases the plasticity to 11% and 12% from 26% and 27% respectively. Moreover, excellent shape memory effect of 6.6% and 7.5% were found in Ti50Ni47Fe2Al1 and Ti50Ni46.5Fe2.5Al1 alloys, which results from the stress-induced martensite transformation from the R-phase.     

Microstructure,martensitic transformation and shape memory effect of polycrystalline Cu-Al-Mn-Fe alloys

In this study, two Cu-Al-Mn-Fe polycrystalline alloys were prepared, and their microstructure, reversible martensitic transformation, mechanical properties and shape memory effects were investigated. The results show that the reversible martensitic transformation temperatures of the studied alloys are between room temperature and 373 K, which are suitable for practical applications. Two typed martensites of 18R and 2H coexist both in two alloys. The bcc β(FeAl) nanoparticles are Fe-rich, Mnrich and Cu-poor, whereas the martensite is Cu-rich, Fe-poor and Mn-poor. The size of nanoparticles ranges from tens to hundreds of nanometers. Full shape recovery property is displayed in Cu-12.9Al-4.5Mn-2.6Fe alloy all the time while applying different deformation from 5% to 8%. The maximum recoverable strain is up to 4.4% with a recovery rate of 100%.     

Damping performance of Cu-Zn-Al shape memory alloys in engineering structures

The stress strain curves of two CuZnAI shape memory alloys which have the martensltic transformation temperatures of 50℃ and-10℃ respectively, were measured by using electronic material tester after treated by different heat-treatment conditions. The results show that the area enclosed by hysteresis loop of the CuZnAI shape memory alloy in martensltic state is much larger than that of the alloy in austenltic state with super-elasticity at room temperature. Therefore, the former has better vibration attenuation effect. After being oil-quenched, waterquenched, and step-quenched, the CuZnAI alloy takes on more stable shape memory effect, better super-plasticlty and superelasticity (pseudoelasticity). A CuZnAI shape memory alloy damper was designed, produced and installedto a 2-layer frame structure. In addition, the vibration experiments were made by dynamic data collecting analysis meter. The velocity of vibration attenuation of frame structure with CuZnAI shape memory alloy damper is much faster than that without it. And with the help of CuZnAI shape memory alloy damper, the attenuation period reduces to 1/10 of the original.     

Actuation Mechanism of Two-step Reverse Transformation Behavior in TiNi Alloys Deformed at Parent Phase

1　IntroductionTiNishapememoryalloys (SMAs)arethepromisingfunctionalmaterialstobeusedasimportantactuatorsinmicromachinesandintelligentmachinesduetotheirlargeoutputstrainorstress[1,2 ] .ItiswellknownthattheSMAsdeformedatmartensiticphasehaveacapableofgeneratingforceormotionwithanenergyinputbyheating .Theac tuationcharacteristicoftheSMAsiscloselyrelatedtotheirdeformationformationandtemperature (thestateoftheSMAs) .Inotherwords ,theactuationcharacteristicoftheSMAsisdependentontheirreversema…     

Fe-Mn-Si形状记忆合金的记忆性能分析

铁基形状记忆合金由于具有优良的形状记忆效应、价格低廉以及加工性能好等优点引起了广泛重视。对Fe-Mn-Si形状记忆合金的形状记忆机制、形状记忆效应的影响因素以及应用进行了评述。     

Fe-Mn-Si形状记忆合金的记忆性能分析

铁基形状记忆合金由于具有优良的形状记忆效应、价格低廉以及加工性能好等优点引起了广泛重视。对Fe-Mn-Si形状记忆合金的形状记忆机制、形状记忆效应的影响因素以及应用进行了评述。     

Cu-Al-Ni形状记忆合金的发展

对 Cu- Al- Ni形状记忆合金近几年来的研究历史和现状进行了总结和归纳 ,以便人们更好地认识和了解 Cu- Al- Ni合金 ,进而更好地开发利用该合金。本文从 Cu- Al- Ni合金的相图、结构、相变点调整、晶粒细化、双程记忆效应、超弹性等几方面进行了系统的介绍 ,并提出 Cu- Al- Ni形状记忆合金应用推广前必须解决的问题以及其研究方向。     

Martensitic transformation fcc(γ)→hcp(ε)

Criteria of the thermoelastic martensitic transformation are suggested, on the basis of which the martensitic transformation fcc(γ)→hcp(ε) in Fe-Mn-Si based alloys is classified as a semi-thermoelastic transformation In contrast with the martensitic transformation fcc(γ)→bct(bcc)α' in iron-based alloys, the thermoelastic transformation in Cu-based alloys and the t→m transformation in ceramics containing ZrO2, in γ→ε of Fe-Mn-Si, the strengthening and grain size of the parent phase will not markedly affecl the Ms and the internal friction peak indicating the martensitic Transformation does not correspond to a significant lowering of the elastic modulus, implying that the nucleation of ε-martensite may occur directly through the stacking fault and may not strongly depend on soft mode. A comparison between the thermal and stress induced ε martensites is made and a brief discussion is given.     

Cu—Zn—AL记忆合金的热稳定性

本文研究了Cu—Zn—Al形状记忆合金在加热过程中的稳定性。实验结果表明:Cu—Zn—Al合金记忆效应的实际使用温度决定于该合金的贝氏体转变温度,合金中的贝氏体相变至少在长大阶段是扩散控制的。Cu—Zn—Al合金中Mn元素的加入使合金中的扩散能较快地进行,因而降低了合金记忆效应的热稳定性。