P(VDF-TFE-HFP)/PTFE双层膜的驻极体特性

通过栅控恒压电晕充电,等温表面电位衰减测量．电荷TSD(charge TSD)和热刺激放电(Thermally Stimulated Discharge．TSD)电流谱分析,首次研究了以聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)为基的偏氟、四氟乙烯和六氟丙烯三元共聚物P(VDF—TFE—HFP)构成的双层膜的驻极体性质。TSD电流谱分析说明这种复合驻极体材料是极性驻极体,即体内同时包含有空间电荷和有序取向的偶极电荷。实验结果还指出：通过对双层膜系的PTFE面充电形成的驻极体的空间电荷热稳定性明显优于传统的铁电聚合物驻极体PVDF。适当提高充电温度和充电后的等温老化储存可以改善电荷稳定性,由于该三元共聚物的高弹性柔量(顺度)和双层膜拥有的优良电荷储存能力,其压电活性高于PVDF．     

一种自制聚酰亚胺膜与商品Kapton H膜的驻极体性能比较

通过和杜邦公司产KaptonH商品膜驻极体性能比较,系统研究了由国产ZPKI型聚酰亚胺前体溶液制备薄膜的驻极体性能。通过常温和高温正负电晕充电,补偿法表面电位衰减测量及开路热刺激放电（TSD）电流谱等技术,研究了常温和高温驻极时PI膜的电荷稳定性及其电荷输运特性,高温致密化处理对样品驻极体性能的影响,以及正负电晕充电稳定性的化学结构分析。     

恒栅流负电晕充电的Si基SiO2驻极体的电荷稳定性

本文讨论了在不同充电参数条件下的恒恒流电晕充电的Ｓｉ基ＳｉＯ２薄膜驻极体的空间电荷储存稳定性,并和栅控恒压电晕充电的结果进行了比较。利用电容－电压（Ｃ－Ｖ）分析技术确定了空间电荷重心的漂移,并利用等温表面电位衰减测量,开路热刺激放电实验及Ｃ－Ｖ分析技术讨论了Ｓｉ基ＳｉＯ２薄膜驻极体的空间电荷储存和输动特性。     

多孔PTFE/P(VDF-HFP)复合膜的驻极体性质

通过栅控恒压负电晕充电、等温表面电位衰减测量、热刺激放电(Thermally Stimulated Discharge,TSD)电流谱分析、电荷TSD和压电d33系数测量等方法,首次研究了将旋涂在基片上的含一定溶剂的聚偏氟乙烯和六氟丙烯共聚物(P(VDF-HFP))薄膜与多孔聚四氟乙烯薄膜均匀压合形成的多孔PTFE/P(VDF-HFP)双层复合膜系的驻极体性质.从多孔PTFE面充电的双层膜具有较从P(VDF-HFP)面充电优异的多的电荷热稳定性.使用介电谐振谱测量的双层膜的压电d33系数(31pC/N)是传统的铁电聚合物材料PVDF相应值(15 pC/N)的2倍左右.     

聚丙烯驻极体的恒流源电晕充电

本文讨论了聚丙烯驻极体恒流电晕充电期间电荷的建立。分析了恒流电晕充电后,聚丙烯驻极体的开路TSD(Thermally Stimulatod Dischar-ge)电流谱及充电后注入样品电荷的平均电荷重心的迁移规律和恒压电晕充电相比较,揭示了恒流充电能将更多的电荷注入聚丙烯体内。因此,恒流电晕充电能明显地改善聚丙烯驻极体的电荷贮存稳定性。     

聚酰亚胺驻极体的平均电荷重心迁移及电荷的贮存

本文利用开路 TSD 电流谱讨论了电晕充电期间热处理对聚酰亚胺薄膜驻极体电荷贮存稳定性的影响,分析了恒压电晕充电期间电荷的建立过程,研究了延长注极时间及在不同温度下电晕充电的聚酰亚胺薄膜沉积电荷平均深度向背电极的迁移规律。     

微孔结构交联聚丙烯驻极体的储电性研究

压电驻极体是以双极性空间电荷驻极体为基体的新一类人工微结构压电功能材料,其压电性能与基体材料的储电性有直接关系.采用等温表面电位衰减测量和开路热刺激放电实验方法,研究了经热压处理的交联聚丙烯(XPP)膜中电荷储存稳定性和电荷动态特性.结果表明,XPP中正电荷的储存稳定性强于负电荷;在老化温度低于90℃时,经过5120min时间老化,正电晕充电样品的表面电位仍然能够维持在初始表面电位的90%以上,而负电晕充电样品却低于86%;热激发脱阱的负空间电荷在驻极体内电场的作用下迁移的过程中大部分被更深的能阱捕获,即脱阱电荷的榆运规律受快再捕获效应控制.     

乙烯/四氟乙烯共聚物薄膜驻极体的电荷储存稳定性

研究了经栅控恒压电晕充电的乙烯／四氟乙烯共聚物（ETFE）驻极体的电荷稳定性,并将其与几种重要的驻极体材料的储电性能进行了比较。结果显示,ETFE薄膜驻极体具有优良的电荷储存稳定性,负极性ETFE的电荷稳定性明显优于正极性样品。热处理工艺能明显改善ETFE驻极体的电荷储存寿命。本文还估算出两种极性ETFE驻极体的陷阱能级的活化能,阐明脱阱电荷的输运特性。     

充电前的淬火对Teflon FEP薄膜驻极体电荷贮存能力的影响EI

研究了充电前的淬火对Teflon FEP等驻极体材料电荷贮存能力的影响。淬火前的升温率、淬火期间的冷却率、淬火温度、淬火后和充电前的储存时间等热处理参数的调节,导致了TSD电流谱线峰值的变化和峰温的漂移,影响了电荷的贮存寿命。如果合理地控制淬火参数,在样品结晶度降低并不明显而平均晶粒直径显著减小时,能改善电荷贮存稳定性。利用初始上升法和峰值清洗术估算了Teflon FEP在淬火前后的活化能和试图逃逸频率。此外,还利用热传输方程和电晕、电子束充电及TSD实验从理论和实验方面研究了FEP样品在淬火期间的淬透性和样品厚度的关系。     

氟化乙丙烯共聚物薄膜驻极体电荷存储性能与电晕产生模式相关性

采用在直流稳态、高频脉冲和交变电场作用下的电晕放电对氟化乙丙烯共聚物(FEP)薄膜材料进行注极,通过等温表面电位测量和热刺激放电技术考察了FEP驻极体的电荷存储特性,依据电晕放电等离子体鞘层模型对实验结果进行了分析,研究了电晕产生模式对FEP薄膜驻极体电荷存储性能的影响。结果表明,电晕注极FEP薄膜驻极体的表面电位稳定性与电晕产生模式、电晕极性有关,但是电荷存储机制只与电晕极性有关。脉冲电晕注极时的稳定性优于稳态电晕注极,但其初始表面电位值较低。交变电场电晕注极获得的驻极体,呈现负极性。不同电晕放电模式在材料表面形成的等离子体鞘层的组成和厚度不同,是FEP驻极体性质不同的主要原因。     

Hierarchical self-assembly of a collagen mimetic peptide (PKG)n(POG)2n(DOG)n via electrostatic interactions

A new type of collagen mimetic peptide, (PKG)_n(POG)_2n(DOG)_n, with charged-domain ends had been designed and successfully prepared in this work, which self-assembled into collagen-like triple helices homotrimers. The collagen-like homotrimers underwent higher level of self-assembly via static electrical interaction between positive and negative domains. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) examinations showed three typical morphologies of homotrimer assembly, which were defined as film, bicontinuous and fibril morphology in this paper. The film was formed in the initial stage and gradually transformed to bicontinuous or fibril morphology to improve stability of the assemblies or decrease surface energy. Furthermore, mechanism of assembly process was proposed based on TEM observations and theoretical analyses of packing equation.     

二元系Pb（Zn1／3Nb2／3）O3—Pb（Fe2／3W1／3O）3电容器陶瓷的介电性质

目前,制备 Pb(Zn_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3(PZN)基陶瓷电容器,最主要的问题是形成有害于介电性质的焦录石相。实验表明,固相反应法很难合成钙钛矿结构的 PZN 陶瓷,于1000℃经固相反应的产物是含立方焦录石的混合物。在 PZN 中添加0.53mol 的 Pb(Fe_(2/3)W_(1/3))O_3(PFW),试样中的钙钛矿相超过97%。通过对 PFW 结晶化学和烧结机理的分析,证明在 PZN 中添加 PFW 能减少或抑制焦录石的形成。本文报导了 PZN-PFW 二元系陶瓷的相关系和介电性质,探讨了钙钛矿相的形成机理。     

K2(Rb2,Cs2,Tl2)TeBr6(I6) and Rb3(Cs3)Sb2(Bi2)Br9(I9) perovskite compounds

We systematize available experimental data on the crystal structure of the ternary halides K₂(Rb₂,Cs₂,Tl₂)TeBr₆(I₆) and Rb₃(Cs₃)Sb₂(Bi₂)Br₉(I₉), analyze the general trends in the properties of their single crystals, and examine the key features of the physicochemical interaction in related systems.     

Investigation of fast-ionic transport in the ternary system (Cu1−xAgxI)-(Ag2O)-(V2O5), (0.05≤x≤0.25)

The occurrence of fast-ionic conduction in the ternary system 40(Cu_1−xAg_xI)-40(Ag₂O)-20(V₂O₅), (0.05≤x≤0.25) has been described. The formation of composite solid electrolyte materials comprising glassy and crystalline phases has been identified by means of X-ray diffraction analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic studies have confirmed the presence of VO₄³⁻ and V₂O₇⁴⁻ groups in these new materials. Detailed thermal characterization of these materials carried out by differential scanning calorimetry has indicated the transition temperature of one of the reaction products viz., AgI. From the conductivity measurements carried out using the complex impedance analysis, the values of room temperature electrical conductivity (σ_RT) and activation energy for ionic migration in these materials are found to be of the order of 10⁻² to 10⁻⁴ S cm⁻¹ and 0.22-0.35 eV, respectively. The ionic transport number (t_i) measurements made using Wagner’s polarization method and evaluation of silver ionic transport number (t_Ag⁺) by galvanic cell method have been used to estimate the extent of contribution of ionic conductivity especially due to silver ionic transport to the total conductivity observed in these materials.     

(1-x)Pb(Fe2/3W1/3)O3-xPb(Mg1/2W1/2)O3多铁性材料的有序结构及磁性能

以无机盐为前驱体,利用溶胶-凝胶法固溶合成了(1-x)Pb(Fe2/3W1/3)O3-xPb(Mg1/2W1/2)O3多铁性固溶体.XRD分析表明,在0≤x≤1.0的掺杂范围内,700℃煅烧所得产物都具有钙钛矿结构;x=0时得到的纯Pb(Fe2/3W1/3)O3为长程无序结构,x=1.0时可获得完全有序的纯Pb(Mg1/2W1/2)O3相,其单胞为Pb(Fe2/3W1/3)O3单胞的2倍;当0相似文献   

Crystal growth and dielectric characterization of crystals derived from the solid-solution Ba(1−x)NaxTi(1−x)NbxO3 (BTNN)

Single crystals of (1 − x)BaTiO₃ + xNaNbO₃ (BTNN) for x = 0.84 were obtained by high temperature solution growth using Na₂B₄O₇ as solvent. The room temperature crystal structure of BTNN 16/84-phase was determined from X-ray single crystal diffraction data, in the tetragonal system with space group P4bm. The refinement from 246 independent reflections led to the following parameters: a = b = 5.5845(3) Å, c = 3.9453(2) Å, V = 123.041(11) Å³, Z = 2, with final cR_wp = 0.150 and R_B = 0.041. The structure of BTNN 16/84-phase can be described as a three-dimensional framework built up from (Nb-Ti)O₆ octahedra with Na and Ba in the dodecahedral site of perovskite-like type. Some mm³-sized crystals have been selected and various dielectric measurements (ferroelectric, pyroelectric, and piezoelectric) have been performed. Transition from paraelectric to ferroelectric state at around 460 K has been observed to be in good agreement with ceramics of closer composition. Dielectric, piezoelectric and pyroelectric measurements on crystal confirm the ferroelectric behaviour of BTNN 16/84.     

Synthesis and crystal structure of new U(VI) and Np(VI) benzoates, K11(AnO2)23(OOCC6H5)57(H2O)18+x

The structure of new double benzoates of hexavalent actinides, K₁₁(AnO₂)₂₃(O₂C₇H₅)₅₇(H₂O)_18+x (An = U, Np), was studied. There are five crystallographically independent actinide atoms in the crystals. The coordination polyhedra of An(1), An(3), An(4), and An(5) are distorted hexagonal bipyramids, and that of An(2) is a distorted pentagonal bipyramid. Ten crystallographically independent benzoate ions have been found in the crystals. All but one anions are bidentate chelating and form with AnO₂²⁺ cations either electrically neutral [AnO₂(O₂C₇H₅)₂(H₂O)₂][An(1)O₂²⁺ cations] or negatively charged [AnO₂(O₂C₇H₅)₃]⁻[An(3)O₂²⁺, An(4)O₂²⁺, An(5)O₂²⁺ cations] complexes. The bidentate bridging benzoate ion links two adjacent An(2)O₂²⁺ cations with the formation of peculiar electrically neutral cyclic fragments [AnO₂(O₂C₇H₅)₂(H₂O)]₆ arranged perpendicular to the c-axis. There are three independent K⁺ cations in the structure. The coordination surrounding of K(1)⁺ (coordination number CN 6) is formed by oxygen atoms of two electrically neutral [AnO₂(O₂C₇H₅)₂(H₂O)₂] fragments and of the complex anion [AnO₂(O₂C₇H₅)₃]⁻. The coordination surrounding of K(2)⁺ (CN 6) consists of oxygen atoms of three complex anions [AnO₂(O₂C₇H₅)₃]⁻. The disordered K(3)⁺ cation is arranged near the sixfold axis between the cyclic fragments [AnO₂(O₂C₇H₅)₂(H₂O)]₆. An important structure-forming factor in the crystals is hydrogen bonding involving coordinated water molecules. In the coordination polyhedra of actinides, the An-O bond lengths regularly decrease in going from U to Np owing to actinide contraction.     

烧成温度对Pb（Mg_（1／3）Nb_（2／3））O_3－pb（Zn_（1／3

研究了一种满足Ｙ５Ｕ指标要求的ＰＭ计ＰＺＮ－ＰＴ介电陶瓷的恒温老化行为与烧成温度的关系，发现在低温烧结要求的温度范围内（９００∽９５０℃），该材料的老化性能满足有关标准，而过高或过低的烧结温度均导致１０倍时间老化率的增大；利用显微结构结构观察分析了上述结果。