粉煤灰与矿粉改进减水剂与水泥相容性的研究

采用萘系、聚羧酸系减水剂与粉煤灰、矿粉双掺法,进行水泥流动性的试验,测定净浆流动度损失,研究粉煤灰、矿粉对减水剂与水泥相容性影响,研究发现,粉煤灰、矿粉能有效改进萘系、聚羧酸系减水剂与水泥的相容性;而聚羧酸系减水剂与水泥的相容性比萘系减水剂好．     

粉煤灰对水泥与减水剂相容性的影响研究

影响混凝土外加剂与水泥相容性问题的因素很多,混和材的种类和掺量是其中之一。以减水剂为例,其在水泥混凝土应用中存在饱和点,通过饱和点的变化可判定水泥与减水剂的相容性好坏,采用不同混和材掺量、不同高效减水剂掺量的水泥净浆试验,进行5 min、30 min、60 min的净浆流动度的测试及饱和点的确定,结果表明,加入混合材后改善了水泥与高效减水剂之间的相容性,少量粉煤灰可以提高浆体的初始流动度,改善流动度经时损失。     

固硫灰-钛矿渣复合掺合料与萘系减水剂的相容性研究

通过考察固硫灰-钛矿渣掺入水泥-减水剂体系后,浆体的Marsh时间、经时损失及减水剂饱和掺量,研究了固硫灰-钛矿渣对水泥与减水剂相容性的影响。结果表明:随着原状固硫灰/钛矿渣的增加,减水剂饱和点掺量和浆体5min的Marsh时间均增加,但60min饱和掺量点处浆体的Marsh时间经时损失变化不明显;磨细固硫灰替代原状固硫灰,可有效改善粉料体系与减水剂的相容性,这主要得益于磨细固硫灰颗粒孔结构的改善。     

水泥与高效减水剂相容性问题研究

不同的水泥和高效减水剂之间相容性差别很大，这是现代混凝土生产和 施工中常遇到的问题。本文从不同角度分析和探讨水泥与高效减水剂相容性的问题，并提出改善水泥和高效减水剂相容性的一些途径。     

聚羧酸系高效减水剂PC的合成及性能研究

以甲基丙烯酸、聚乙二醇1000、对甲苯磺酸、对苯二酚、过硫酸铵和甲基丙烯磺酸钠为原料,采用两步法合成出新型聚羧酸系高效减水剂(简称PC)。将合成的PC与目前广泛使用的萘系高效减水剂(简称FDN)相比,具有更加优异的性能,具体表现为:在掺量很少情况下,水泥净浆就具有较高的流动度;当掺量相同时,其对水泥净浆流动度远超FDN。此外,它与水泥的相容性好,具有缓凝及明显抑制水泥净浆流动度经时损失性能,对混凝土也能表现出显著的减水增强性,是一种性能优良,适合于配制高强、超高强混凝土的高效减水剂。     

羧酸型减水剂与水泥的相容性研究

选用含有亲水性羧基、酸酐基、磺酸基、聚环氧乙烷侧链的单体共聚合成了3种羧酸型减水剂,针对4种不同产地的P.O 42.5水泥,测定了在较低水灰比(mw/mc=0.29)下水泥净浆流动度及30 min经时变化,混凝土坍落度及180 min经时变化.净浆流动度30 min损失小于13.8%,混凝土坍落度60 min损失小于15%.3种羧酸型减水剂与不同水泥均具有良好的相容性.     

羧酸型减水剂与水泥的相容性研究

选用含有亲水性羧基、酸酐基、磺酸基、聚环氧乙烷侧链的单体共聚合成了3种羧酸型减水剂,针对4种不同产地的P.O 42.5水泥,测定了在较低水灰比（mw/mc=0.29）下水泥净浆流动度及30 min经时变化,混凝土坍落度及180 min经时变化.净浆流动度30 min损失小于13.8%,混凝土坍落度60 min损失小于15%.3种羧酸型减水剂与不同水泥均具有良好的相容性.     

水泥和矿物掺合料与减水剂相容性问题的试验研究

通过试验,研究了两种新型高效减水剂与水泥和3种矿物掺合料的相容性,并就矿物掺合料的合理掺量和复合使用问题进行了初步讨论.     

粉煤灰、减水剂对水泥浆体相容性影响的试验研究

通过调整萘系和聚羧酸系减水剂的含量,观察水泥浆体的流动性和流动性经时损失的变化,由此确定减水剂的饱和点和减水剂对水泥相容性影响;减水剂在饱和点掺量时,调整粉煤灰掺量,研究粉煤灰掺量对水泥相容性的影响.结果表明:水泥浆体的流动度随减水剂掺量的增加而增大;萘系减水剂的饱和点掺量为0.8%,聚羧酸系减水剂的饱和点掺量为1.4%;在减水剂饱和点附近,静置35 min、60 min,萘系、聚系减水剂流动度经时损失分别为65%和39%,且聚羧酸系减水剂具有滞后性;聚系减水剂与水泥的相容性优于萘系高效减水剂;在减水剂饱和点掺量处,随着粉煤灰含量的增加,水泥浆体的流动度增大.     

矿渣-硅灰复合粉体水泥胶砂性能研究

通过粉体最紧密堆积粒径分布方程优化出矿渣和硅灰以4∶1混合为密实粉体组合(USG),并进行USG的减水率、胶砂强度、激发剂影响效应及掺USG的水泥浆体与外加剂的相容性试验.结果表明:USG与水泥和聚羧酸减水剂相容性优异;具有密实填充、增强效应;激发剂能显著提高USG水泥胶砂强度,其适宜掺量为2%～3%.     

The Compatibility of Polycarboxylate-Type Superplasticizers with Cement

Four polycarboxylate- type （ PC ） superplasticizers of different functional groups were used ; their dispersing and retaining behaviors were analyzed through ZETA potential measurement, mini-slump test of cement paste and performance test of concrete. The experimental results show that the dispersing and flow-retaining ability of PC was determined by two factors of anionic groups and nonionic groups ： the density of anionic groups - COO^- or - SO3^- acted on the electronic repulsive force. and the length and proportion of nonionic graft groups of PEO in PC chemical stracture affected the steric effect. The compatibility between PC superplasticizers and cement mainly depended on the type of PEO groups ; furtlwrmore, adding mineral powders is good to the compatibility for high performance concretes （ HPCs ）.     

The Rheological Properties of Ultra-fine High PerformanceGrouting Cement

The material properties of surface and powder, rheological property and mineral composition were investigated by means of SEM, XRD, Malvern laser granulometer and rotary viscometer. The influence of admixture on ultra-fine cement rheological properties and its mechanism were studied in material theories. The results show that the ultra-fine fly ash has a higher zeta potential, and improves flowability of ultra-fine cement paste, decreases Jlowability loss as time prolonging, improves compatibility between superplasticizers and cement because of the electrostatic repulsion, ball bearing effect, filling and dispersing effect of admixtures and delay-releasing effect of superplasticizers.     

Effect of superplasticizers on the early age hydration of sulfoaluminate cement

The effects of two types of superplasticizers on the properties of CSA cement pastes during early hydration were studied. The influences of two types of superplasticizers on the properties of cement pastes, including the normal consistency, setting time, fl uidity, and compressive strength, were investigated by using various methods. The hydration products of the cement pastes cured for 1 day and 3 days were studied by X-ray diffraction（XRD） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. The results show that the PCE type superplasticizer retards the early age hydration while the FDN type superplasticizer accelerates the early age hydration of the CSA cement. Both types of superplasticizers have no infl uence on the further hydration of CSA cement, confi rmed by the calorimeter tests as well. The ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements were used to probe the influence of two types of superplasticizers on the hydration of CSA cement pastes at a high water-cement ratio（0.45）. The results show that the PCE type superplasticizer retards the early age hydration of the CSA cement while the FDN type superplasticizer has little infl uence on the early age hydration of the CSA cement.     

聚羧酸超塑化剂的性能研究

研究了含有亲水性羧基、酸酐基团、磺酸基、聚环氧乙烷侧链的三种羧酸类共聚物对水泥浆体流变性能和水泥粒子表面Zeta电位的影响，并与萘系高效减水剂进行了对比．在改善水泥浆体的流变性能方面，三种聚羧酸超塑化剂的最佳掺量和饱和掺量均为0．3％～0．45％；对水泥粒子表面Zeta电位的影响方面聚羧酸超塑化剂远小于萘系高效减水剂，证实了两类减水剂的分散作用机理的区别．[编者按]     

Effects of Rice Straw Fibres on the Mechanical Properties and Hydration of Cements

The purpose of this research is to study the effects of rice straw fibres (RSF) on the setting time,heat of hydration,hydration products (XRD),mechanical properties for cements. Three types of the cements (P.I.52.5,P.O.42.5,sulphate aluminium) are used in this test. Results show that with the addition of RSF,the setting times for these three kinds of cements are delayed. According to P.O.42.5 cement,The max temperatures of exothermic peak (Tmax) decrease,exothermic peak times (tmax) are delayed and the mechanical strengths generally drop as RSF concentration is increased. XRD test shows that the RSF hinder the formation of Ca(OH)2 phase and hydration of cement (C3S,C2S,C4AF),which resulted in the delay of setting time and hydration reaction.     

单体类型对多羧酸型高效减水剂性能的影响

用于合成多羧酸共聚物的单体结构和官能团不同，对于减水与保塑性能的影响不同；选择含不同官能团的多种单体，合成一系列多羧酸型高效减水保塑剂；通过水泥净浆试验、混凝土试验测定了减水率和保塑性能；讨论了不同单体对减水剂性能的影响，并对分子结构进行了红外光谱表征。结果表明：在分子链中引入马来酸酐对保塑性能作用明显，引入适当用量和聚合度的聚乙二醇可同时提高减水率与保塑性。     

葡萄糖酸钠与高效减水剂复合使用对水泥水化历程的影响

用直接测温法及X射线衍射技术,系统研究了葡萄糖酸钠与萘系、氨基磺酸盐系及聚羧酸盐系3种高效减水剂复合使用对水泥水化热、水化温峰、温峰出现时间及不同水化龄期Ca(OH)2和钙矾石(AFt)生成量等方面的影响.结果表明:与糖钙和三聚磷酸钠相比,葡萄糖酸钠及其与高效减水剂复合对水泥水化历程的影响规律明显不同.单掺葡萄糖酸钠使水泥水化第2放热峰出现时间延迟,但温峰值及水化热与空白样基本持平,温峰时的Ca(OH)2生成量增大.复合使用葡萄糖酸钠与高效减水剂时,与不同品种高效减水剂复合使用对水泥水化历程的影响不同.     

120MPa超高强水泥基材料的研究

采用常规原材料，普通成型工艺，通过正交设计试验研究，配制出了抗压强度为120MPa的超高强水泥基材料，并给出了优选配比。超高强水泥基材料的杭压强度和抗折强度试验的极差方差分析结果表明：水胶比为影响超高强水泥基材料强度的最显著因素，超细掺合料硅灰的掺量和减水剂的掺量也有一定的影响。