基于催化剂颗粒停留时间分布的双峰聚乙烯牌号切换优化

针对环管-流化床串联的Borstar双峰聚乙烯工艺,建立了包括催化剂切换在内的双反应器串联牌号切换模型,使产品牌号的切换时间最短、过渡料数量最少。同时,推导了双反应器串联工艺中,存在催化剂切换时各反应器内聚合物的瞬时与累积性能指标（熔融指数与密度）的模型。研究表明,对于涉及催化剂切换的牌号切换,最优策略是采用催化剂分步进料方式,综合考虑新旧催化剂对操作参数的不同要求及各反应器内残留原催化剂比重对最终产品性能的影响,从而达到明显缩短切换时间、有效抑制操作变量急剧变化、平缓产品性质变化轨迹的优化目的。     

韧性尼龙

据（B见印mPlastbNm》1贝o,26（4）：59报道,因村接记料生产厂LNP公司正向市场推出结构应用高强尼龙（PA）66牌号ThmpRF1009S,与标准牌号比,冲击强度和其他力学一性能更好,反劳强度比一般牌号高30％。新牌号中玻纤含五一般为50％,但也可在35％～觎％间变化,Th——pRF1009S刚性高,弯曲模量为14GP。LNP公司开发这种材料的目标为高负荷下的应用制品,如高压液压机价、泵部件、轴承座、高负荷齿轮和滑雪用具连接件。chP公司还推出了对帕moo叩PF1．rersryHI－EP,是一种Xi％玻纤增强PA6,适用于要求高韧性产品,该牌号还具…     

聚合硫酸铁铝的制备及混凝效果研究

以废铁屑、废硫酸和铝质易拉罐废料为原料，制备了聚合硫酸铁铝（PFAS），研究了投加量和pH对PFAS混凝效果的影响。正交试验结果表明，当制备条件为：硫酸业铁与硫酸的相对用量55：5（质量比）、硝酸铝用量2．8％（质量分数）、硫酸铝用量4．2％（质量分数）、反应温度55℃、反应时间50-60min、搅拌速率250-300r／min、操作压力0．1 MPa时，得到的PFAS具有最好的性能，用其处理高浊度工业废水明显优于市售聚合硫酸铁和聚合氯化铝的处理效果。     

橡胶加工专利

一、轮胎 挤出性能优异的溴化异丁烯橡胶配方及其制得的耐天候轮胎Jpn．Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2003 261，713（C1．C08L9／00） 该专利介绍的胶料配方适用于轮胎胎侧胶，其中含有40％～90％的二烯类橡胶和10％～60％的溴化异丁烯-对-甲基苯乙烯共聚物以及0．5份～10份间同立构1，2-聚丁二烯晶体。胶料配方中含有10份天然橡胶（牌号RSS3）、58份间同立构聚丁二烯含量为12％的聚丁二烯橡胶（牌号VCR412）、40份溴化异丁烯-对-甲基苯乙烯共聚物（牌号Exxpro 90—10）和1．0份硫黄，模压后制成的胶片不会产生收缩。[编者按]     

罗地亚推出高流动聚酰胺66新牌号

罗地亚工程塑料最近向市场推出了包含高填充牌号（60％的玻璃纤维填充量）在内的高流动聚酰胺66复合材料。这种新型高流动材料能够促进并提高（高达50％甚至可达80％）塑料填模,并且能使注射压力降低20％～40％。     

耐灵活燃油和润滑油的加氢丁腈橡胶新牌号

据“British Plastics＆Rubber”，2008，（oct）：18报道，德国Lanxess（朗盛）公司加氢丁腈橡胶（HNBR）Therban系列产品又新增了超高丙烯腈含量的高性能牌号：TherbanATA5005VP，TherbanATC5065VP。和TherbanA5008VP。由于新牌号丙烯腈最高含量可达50．5％，     

聚烯烃生产中牌号切换策略研究

聚烯烃生产过程中的牌号切换问题对生产成本和生产策略有很大影响。综述了牌号切换的研究进展,阐述了牌号切换的目标和策略。针对切换策略求取中的操作变量轨迹寻优,分为目标函数法和软件模拟法两种不同方法讨论了切换过程中操作变量优化轨迹的求取过程,最后总结了牌号切换研究中存在的问题。     

高掺量铬渣环保瓷质砖制备工艺研究

为了达到大量处置有害固体废料铬渣、控制污染的目标,以铬渣为主要原料,配入高可塑性黑泥和钠长石,研制了一种性能优于国家标准、烧成温度为1220℃、吸水率为0．1％（质量分数）的瓷质砖。所选最优坯料配方中的铬渣添加质量分数达60％。经检测瓷质砖水浸出液总铬（三氧化二铬和六价铬）含量为2．913mg／kg,低于国家标准控制值,实现了对有害固体废料铬渣的资源化、减量化、无害化处理。     

4-（4-正丙基）双环己基多碘代苯的回收利用工艺研究

以液晶废料4-（4-正丙基）双环己基多碘代苯为原料,甲苯、乙醇和水为介质,以钌／碳为催化剂,在氢氧化钾作用下,于50～60％,0．2MPa加氢反应3h,得到目标产物4-（4-正丙基）双环己基苯,收率为72．4％,纯度（GC）〉99．5％。并对其结构进行了GC—MSS、DSC和IR确认。     

聚四氟乙烯废料作为填料的回收工艺

介绍聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）废料粉碎后作为填料填充纯PTFE的回收工艺．研究了PTFE废料粒径、各种填料用量及预成型压力对产品性能的影响,结果表明,PTFE废料粒径以76μm（200目）为最佳,纯PTFE、铜粉、PTFE废料和二硫化钼的最佳质量比为100：60：30：2,此时产品拉伸强度19MPa,断裂伸长率300％,能满足实际使用要求。预成型压力以50MPa最为适宜。填充石墨和聚苯酯进行实验,效果不佳。指出此工艺的关键问题是解决填料之间的界面相容性．     

Development of a vision‐based online soft sensor for oil sands flotation using support vector regression and its application in the dynamic monitoring of bitumen extraction

Extraction from oil sands is a crucial step in the industrial recovery of bitumen. It is challenging to obtain online measurements of process outputs such as bitumen grade and recovery. Online measurements are a prerequisite for innovating better process control solutions for process efficiency and cost reduction. We have developed a soft sensor to provide online measurements of bitumen grade and recovery in a flotation‐based oil sand extraction process. Continuous froth images were captured using a VisioFroth camera system on a batch flotation unit. A support vector regression (SVR) model with a Gaussian kernel was constructed to develop a soft sensor for bitumen grade and recovery using froth image features as the inputs. The model was trained and validated for batch flotation of different grades of oil sands ore at industry‐relevant process conditions. A Dean‐Stark analyzer was used to obtain offline grade and recovery measurements that were used to calibrate the soft sensor. Mean squared errors (MSE) of 62 and 74 were achieved for grade (%) and recovery (%), respectively, and this was obtained using 5‐fold cross validation. The developed soft sensor model has been applied successfully in the real‐time dynamic monitoring of flotation grade and recovery for different grades of ore and operating conditions.

     

Bilinear model predictive control of grade change operations in paper production plants

In this work the bilinear model predictive control method is applied to control the grade change operations in paper production plants. Because of the high nonlinearity of the grade change processes, control of the grade change operations has been performed manually by experienced engineers in the plants. In some cases the bilinear model can be very effective to represent nonlinear processes. In this study a bilinear model for paper plants is identified first. It is found that the bilinear model tracks the plant without significant discrepancy. Based on the multivariable bilinear plant model the optimal input variables are computed using the one-step ahead prediction method. Even for frequent changes in paper grades the bilinear model predictive control scheme exhibits good control performance.     

基于联立法的乙烯淤浆聚合牌号切换过程动态模拟

以乙烯淤浆聚合流程为研究对象,建立了包含动力学和热力学的动态机理模型,采用有限元正交配置法对控制变量和状态变量同步离散化,实现了全联立动态模拟。热力学物性计算采用Kriging函数估计,可适用于多个工况,最大误差不超过2%。利用Aspen Plus 5个牌号工况的数据,进行了模型稳态验证,并实现了牌号切换动态模拟,计算了平均分子量等质量指标,与Aspen Dynamic曲线吻合较好,为牌号切换的优化奠定了基础。     

S-08新型捕收剂用于新浦磷矿试验研究

用S-08捕收剂对新浦磷矿高品位磷矿样和中低品位磷矿样分别进行试验,可分别获得精矿品位P2O538.05%,P2O533.27%,回收率83.13%,80.35%的良好选别指标.     

Desorption of residual monomer from PVC resins in a fluidized bed drier

The present study deals with the investigation of the desorption of vinyl chloride from various commercial and experimental suspension PVC resins in a laboratory fluidized bed drier simulating an industrial drier. The results show that PVC resins may differ widely in the rate at which the monomer is desorbed. The rate of diffusion of the monomer is a function of the drying time, the fluidization air temperature, the porosity, and the amount of glassy particles in the PVC. The residual monomer content decreases with increasing air temperature, drying time, and resin porosity. After 105 min of drying with hot air at 80°C, the residual monomer content in the grade with the highest porosity is reduced from 3400 to 2 ppm, whereas for the grade with the lowest porosity, it is reduced from 4300 to 172 ppm on a dry basis. It appears that the resins of the high molecular weight grades are more porous and the low molecular weight grades contain a high proportion of nonporous or glassy particles and, hence, the desorption rate is smaller in these grades. The proportion of glassy particles and the size of glassy domains are estimated in this study by applying the experimental desorption data at long times to a desorption model. The model is useful in differentiating the interior structure of various PVC grades. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Neural virtual sensor for the inferential prediction of product quality from process variables

A predictive Fuzzy ARTMAP neural system and two hybrid networks, each combining a dynamic unsupervised classifier with a different kind of supervised mechanism, were applied to develop virtual sensor systems capable of inferring the properties of manufactured products from real process variables. A new method to construct dynamically the unsupervised layer was developed. A sensitivity analysis was carried out by means of self-organizing maps to select the most relevant process features and to reduce the number of input variables into the model. The prediction of the melt index (MI) or quality of six different LDPE grades produced in a tubular reactor was taken as a case study. The MI inferred from the most relevant process variables measured at the beginning of the process cycle deviated 5% from on-line MI values for single grade neural sensors and 7% for composite neural models valid for all grades simultaneously.     

基于Ms-LWPLS的化工过程网络化性能分级评估方法

针对化工过程输入输出数据间非线性关系问题，提出一种基于多数据空间局部加权潜结构映射(multi-space locally weighted projection to latent structures，Ms-LWPLS)的网络化性能分级评估方法。该方法将历史数据分成不同性能等级的集合，利用Ms-LWPLS方法提取不同性能等级训练数据的过程变化，获得训练数据与性能等级标签之间的非线性映射结构，实现输入数据与性能等级之间的网络化“离线建模”。得到模型后，以数据滑动时间窗为评估单元，将滑动窗口数据输入到训练好的神经网络模型中，根据网络输出划分过程当前性能等级，并构造过渡性能系数，将稳态性能等级和过渡性能等级进行识别和区分。最后，将该方法应用到乙烯裂解过程在线性能评估中，说明此性能评估方法的有效性和准确性。     

Study on Optimal Strategy of Grade Transition in Industrial Fluidized Bed Gas-Phase Polyethylene Production Process

A model of grade transition is presented for a commercialized fluidized bed gas-phase polyethylene production process. The quantity of off-specification product and the time of grade transition can be minimized by the optimization of operating variables, such as polymerization temperature, the ratio of hydrogen to ethylene, the ratio of co-monomer to ethylene, feed rate of catalyst, and bed level. A new performance index, the ratio of melt flow (MFR), is included in the objective function, for restraining the sharp adjustment of operation variables and narrowing the distribution of molecular weight of the resin. It is recommended that catalyst feed rate and bed level are decreased in order to reduce the grade transition time and the quantity of off-specification product. This optimization problem is solved by an algorithm of sequential quadratic programming (SQP) in MATLAB. There is considerable difference between the forward transition and reverse transition of grade with regard to the operating variab     

An investigation of calcium stearate dispersion in dryblends

Flowable grades of calcium stearate have coarser particle sizes in order to reduce dusting and improve bulk handling properties. This study shows that in many cases, some flowable grades of calcium stearate will disperse as homogeneously as a powdered grade and under these conditions the two grades of calcium stearate could be used interchangeably. Under some conditions, however, some flowable grades of calcium stearate will not completely disperse and so the use of flowable grades of calcium stearate must be considered on a case by case basis.     

正交试验法及响应曲面法优化某铁矿细磨中间粒级产率的对比试验

基于正交试验法与响应曲面法,针对山西某铁矿磨矿产品中间易选粒级产率低的问题,通过单因素试验探究磨矿时间、磨矿浓度和介质充填率对中间易选粒级产率的影响规律,开展优化细磨中间粒级产率的试验研究。结果表明,采用正交试验法和响应曲面法得到的最优中间易选粒级产率分别为81.27%和81.80%。响应曲面法优化后得到的最佳磨矿条件为:磨矿时间14.15 min、磨矿浓度70.80%(质量分数)、充填率30.50%(体积分数),该条件优于正交试验法最佳条件,响应曲面法在分析因素之间交互作用对中间易选粒级产率的影响具有一定优势。研究明确了响应曲面法可充分实现提高磨矿产品中间易选粒级产率的目的,为相关厂矿同类问题提供可借鉴的方法。