Fe3Al金属间化合物基摩擦材料的制备工艺与性能

采用机械合金化结合加压烧结的方法制备了一种新的Fe2Al金属间化合物基摩擦材料，并对其制备工艺、微观结构和力学性能、抗氧化性以及千滑动摩擦磨损性能进行了试验研究。结果表明：Fe3Al金属间化合物基摩擦材料密度低，强度高，抗氧化性好，摩擦因数稳定，耐磨性好；不同摩擦阶段具有不同的磨损机制，主要包括磨粒磨损、裂纹萌生与扩展、微区脆性剥落以及氧化磨损等。     

高速电弧喷涂Fe-Al涂层在高温磨损中的摩擦氧化行为

采用滑动磨损试验方法,研究从室温(23℃)至650 ℃高速电弧喷涂Fe-Al金属间化合物涂层的摩擦氧化行为。结果表明,高温下Fe-Al涂层滑动摩擦因数降低的主要原因是磨损面发生摩擦氧化反应,形成了具有固体润滑作用的氧化物保护层,该保护层由Al2O3、Fe3O4及Fe2O3组成。氧化物保护层形成的机制是磨屑的动态氧化和微区热压烧结。涂层的扁平颗粒在摩擦磨损过程脱落成为磨屑;随着滑动摩擦磨损的进行,在Si3N4球的反复碾压及摩擦热的共同作用下,磨屑将不断地发生断裂、碎化及动态氧化而成为氧化物粉状屑,并通过微区热压烧结方式形成氧化物层,覆盖于磨损涂层表面。在高温下Fe3Al和FeAl金属间化合物相具有较高的强度和硬度,能有效地抵抗较高硬度的Si3N4球的压入及微犁削,使磨损面上的氧化物保护层不易开裂和脱落。     

Fe3Al基摩擦材料烧结性能及摩擦学特性初探

用球磨机械合金化工艺制备Fe3Al粉末,采用粉末冶金工艺,选择不同的烧结温度、烧结压力和保温时间,获得Fe3Al基复合材料的最佳烧结工艺条件。对最佳工艺条件获得的材料的物理机械性能、摩擦磨损性能和微观结构进行分析测试,借助磨损表面扫描图像和能谱分析,分析该材料的磨损形式,并探讨该材料在低速低载和高速重载2种工况条件的磨损机制。结果表明:采用烧结温度为1 100℃,烧结压力为10 MPa下保温30 min的工艺条件烧结的材料有较好的机械性能和摩擦磨损性能。其摩擦磨损机制为:低速低载以疲劳磨损和磨粒磨损为主,高速重载以疲劳磨损和磨粒磨损为主,并伴有轻微的黏着磨损形式。     

MWNTs/Fe_3Al金属间化合物基复合材料的导电性能

利用真空热压烧结和放电等离子体烧结两种方法制备了不同成分MWNTs/Fe3Al金属间化合物基复合材料;用透射电镜分析了复合材料的显微结构,并用微欧计测试了复合材料的电阻率后换算成电导率,研究了该复合材料的导电性能。结果表明:两种方法制备出复合材料的电导率随着碳纳米管含量的增加而降低;碳纳米管与金属间化合物相界面较高的势垒、纳米管的自身缺陷及其在基体中的分布方式影响了复合材料的导电性能。     

Fe_3AL基金属间化合物的性能和应用前景

本文阐述了Fe_3Al金属间化合物的制备和加工工艺、探讨了主要添加元素铈、铬、锰、钼、铌、钨对合金组织及其性能的影响,对室温和高温力学性能、抗氧化性能、耐磨损和腐蚀磨损性能以及电阻率进行了测试和试验,在此基础上探讨了Fe_3Al金属间化合物作为电热元件和耐腐蚀磨损材料的应用.     

铁铝金属间化合物基涂层的高温滑动磨损性能研究

采用粉芯丝材和高速电弧喷涂技术制备了Fe-Al金属间化合物涂层及Fe-Al/WC复合涂层，研究了从室温至650℃不同试验温度下两种涂层的滑动磨损性能。结果表明，在高温下磨损面发生摩擦氧化反应形成大面积的氧化物保护层，降低了涂层的摩擦系数；剥层磨损是涂层的主要磨损机理。涂层中Fe3Al和FeAl金属间化合物相较高的高温强度和硬度，能有效地阻碍裂纹的产生、扩展及扁平颗粒的断裂，从而使Fe-Al涂层及Fe-Al/WC复合涂层表现出优异的高温耐磨性。添加WC硬质相后提高了复合涂层的平均硬度，从而提高了涂层的耐磨性；但高温下WC易发生氧化和分解，使复合涂层的高温耐磨性下降。     

Fe3Al基复合材料抗氧化性能的研究

用粉末冶金法制备了Fe3Al基复合材料，对其抗氧化行为和磨损机理进行了分析研究，发现无论是做热氧化性实验，还是高速重载摩擦磨损实验，它的抗氧化性行为主要是在Fe3Al颗粒表面形成氧化铝保护膜，该膜阻断氧原子的进一步侵入而提高了该材料的抗氧化性，该材料的主要磨损形式是磨粒磨损。     

Fe—AI金属间化合物材料的制备工艺与研究发展趋势

Fe—Al金属间化合物材料具有很多优秀的性能而被广泛的应用在工程领域中。本文主要讲述Fe-Al金属间化合物材料的制备工艺和性能以及研究发展情况,并对Fe-Al金属间化合物的未来发展趋势进行分析和预测。     

Al/Fe3Al网状结构复合材料的制备

采用机械合金化及退火工艺制备纳米级Fe3Al金属间化合物粉体;利用有机前驱体烧蚀技术,氩气保护下在真空热处理炉中经过1460℃热处理,制备具有高气孔率、高尺寸稳定性、耐高温的Fe3Al金属间化合物网状结构;采用负压浸渗法制备Al/Fe3Al网状结构复合材料,材料的耐磨性能明显优于基体材料,在100N载荷、400r/min转速的试验条件下,摩擦时间为20min时,Al/Fe3Al复合材料的磨损量较纯Al试样降低66%.     

FeAl/Al2O3陶瓷基复合材料--一种新型刀具材料

新型陶瓷刀具材料—— Fe Al金属间化合物 /Al2 O3 陶瓷复合材料的制备、性能以及新型陶瓷刀具的应用     

基体成分对Fe_3Al基复合材料摩擦学性能的影响

采用热压烧结法制备一种新型Fe3A l基复合材料,讨论基体成分对其摩擦学性能的影响。研究结果表明:本实验中,Fe3A l粉体的最佳球磨时间为60 h;随着A l含量提高,Fe3A l基复合材料的摩擦因数略有降低但耐磨性明显提高,合金元素Cr的加入有效地改善了材料的摩擦学性能,以Fe-28A l作为摩擦材料的基体即可很好地满足性能要求;Cu作为基体中的软相,摩擦因数随游离Cu含量的增加呈上升趋势但摩擦稳定性变差,且耐磨性降低,Cu含量的最佳范围为12%~18%(质量分数),随着石墨含量的增加,材料的摩擦因数和磨损率都下降,但石墨含量过高会导致材料性能恶化,石墨的最佳含量为8%~12%(质量分数)。     

Fretting wear of mechanically alloyed AlFe and AlFeMn alloys

A double mechanical alloying process (dMA) was employed to fabricate AlFe and AlFeMn alloys containing finely distributed intermetallic compounds and inert dispersoids (Al₄C₃ and Al₂O₃). The tribological properties of the produced alloys were investigated under fretting conditions. It was shown that the fretting behaviour strongly depends on contact conditions which are mainly determined by displacement and normal load, and the wear resistance of Al alloys can be improved by dispersion of large amount of intermetallics and inert dispersoids. Compared with current and competitive wear resistant Al alloys, the dMA AlFeMn alloy shows attractive wear and friction properties. The results indicate that Al alloys fabricated by dMA are promising for wear-resistance applications.     

高水基液压阀陶瓷摩擦副摩擦学性能研究

为选择适合的高水基乳化液液压阀摩擦副材料,探讨ZrO2与不同结构陶瓷组成的摩擦副在高水基乳化液润滑状态下的摩擦磨损特性。采用摩擦磨损试验机,在不同载荷和滑动速度下,研究在高水基乳化液介质中4种不同陶瓷材料（ZrO2、Al2O3、Si3N4和SiC）分别与ZrO2配副的摩擦学性能,并探讨不同组合陶瓷摩擦副的磨损机制。结果表明：在高水基乳化液中,各陶瓷的摩擦因数均随着滑动速度的增大而降低,其中Al2O3陶瓷的摩擦因数最小;ZrO2、Al2O3和Si3N4陶瓷的摩擦因数受载荷的影响较小,SiC陶瓷的摩擦因数则随着载荷的增大而骤增;各陶瓷的磨损体积都随着速度和载荷的增大而增大,其中Al2O3/ZrO2陶瓷摩擦副的磨损体积最小,其磨损机制以磨粒磨损和微疲劳磨损为主。研究表明,在不同工况下,Al2O3与ZrO2陶瓷配副的摩擦因数和磨损体积均为最低值,更适合作为高水基乳化液液压阀的摩擦副材料。     

Influence of Test Conditions on the Lubricated Friction and Wear Behaviour of Al–25Zn–3Cu Alloy

The friction and wear properties of Al–25Zn–3Cu alloy were investigated over a range of oil flow rate, pressure and sliding speed using a pin-on-disc machine, after examining its microstructure and mechanical properties. The results obtained were compared with those of a conventional-bearing material (SAE 65 bronze). It was observed that the microstructure of the Al–25Zn–3Cu alloy consisted of aluminium-rich α, eutectoid α + η and θ phases, while the microstructure of the SAE 65 bronze revealed copper-rich α, and eutectoid α + δ phases. It was found that the friction coefficient, temperature and wear volume of both the alloys decreased sharply with increasing oil flow rate and attained almost constant levels beyond a certain range of oil flow rate. It was also found that the friction coefficient and the wear volume of the alloys decreased with increasing pressure, but was observed to be almost independent of the sliding speed. The Al–25Zn–3Cu alloy exhibited higher wear resistance as compared to that of the bronze under all the test conditions. Smearing type of adhesion appeared to be the most effective wear mechanism for the Al–25Zn–3Cu alloy, while abrasion dominated one for the SAE 65 bronze.     

Sliding wear properties for Ni–Al based intermetallic compound layer coated on ductile cast iron by combustion synthesis

Intermetallic compound materials have great potentials as new functional material. Despite their great potentials, these materials are rarely applied in the industrial field. One of the main reasons may be because of the brittleness of the material. Indeed, it is recently known that the intermetallic compounds can be coated on the metal surface by combustion synthesis.In this study, Ni–Al based intermetallic compounds are coated on a ductile cast iron by the combustion synthesis at several reaction temperatures. Sliding wear tests are conducted to verify the sliding wear properties and investigate the effects of the reaction temperature.As a result, it is found that microstructure of the coating layer varies significantly with the reaction temperature. However, their wear properties are influenced just in the range of low sliding speed by the reaction temperature. It is clear that the wear resistance of Ni–Al based intermetallic compound coating layers are effective in the range of high sliding speed, regardless of the reaction temperature. Pitting damages are observed from the worn surfaces of coating layer.     

Tribological behaviors and mechanisms of Ti<Subscript>3</Subscript>AlC<Subscript>2</Subscript>

Tribological behaviors and the relevant mechanism of a highly pure polycrystalline bulk Ti₃AlC₂ sliding dryly against a low carbon steel disk were investigated. The tribological tests were carried out using a block-on-disk type high-speed friction tester, at the sliding speeds of 20–60 m/s under a normal pressure of 0.8 MPa. The results showed that the friction coefficient is as low as 0.1∼0.14 and the wear rate of Ti₃AlC₂ is only (2.3–2.5) × 10⁻⁶ mm³/Nm in the sliding speed range of 20–60 m/s. Such unusual friction and wear properties were confirmed to be dependant dominantly upon the presence of a frictional oxide film consisting of amorphous Ti, Al, and Fe oxides on the friction surfaces. The oxide film is in a fused state during the sliding friction at a fused temperature of 238–324 °C, so it takes a significant self-lubricating effect.     

Tribological properties of a Fe3Al material in sulfuric acid corrosive environment

The tribological properties of a Fe₃Al material in an aqueous solution of 1 mol/l H₂SO₄ corrosive environment sliding against a Si₃N₄ ceramic ball are studied using an Optimol SRV oscillating friction and wear tester in a ball-on-disc contact configuration. We investigate the effects of load and sliding speed on tribological properties of the Fe₃Al material. The worn surfaces of the Fe₃Al material are examined by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an X-ray photoelectron spectroscope (XPS). It is found that the Fe₃Al material exhibits better wear resistance than 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel in the sulfuric acid corrosive environment. The wear rate of the Fe₃Al material is on the order of 10^?13 m³/m and increases with increasing load, but does not vary below the sliding speed of 0.08 m/s then dramatically increases with increasing sliding speed. The friction coefficient of the Fe₃Al material is in the range of 0.1–0.28, and slightly increases with increasing load, and does not vary with the increase of sliding speed. The Fe₃Al material occurs tribochemical reaction with the H₂SO₄ aqueous solution in the friction process. Wear mechanism of the Fe₃Al material is dominated by microploughing and corrosive wear.     

氧化铝陶瓷在腐蚀环境下的摩擦磨损性能

研究了氧化铝陶瓷在HCl溶液、NaOH溶液和去离子水3种润滑介质下的摩擦磨损性能,获得其在不同滑动速度下的摩擦因数、磨损体积和表面形貌。结果表明:酸性环境抑制了硅和铝的氢氧化物膜的产生,导致在HCl溶液润滑下摩擦副的摩擦因数高,氧化铝陶瓷表面磨损严重;以NaOH溶液为润滑介质时摩擦副的摩擦表面成膜度最高,摩擦因数最低,但腐蚀环境仍对其存在负面影响,导致氧化铝陶瓷表面磨损体积和磨损程度均高于以去离子水为润滑介质的情况。同时,在本试验所选的3种速度中,当摩擦副以0.08 m/s的滑动速度摩擦时摩擦因数和磨损体积均达到最小值,润滑效果最好。