基于最小机会损失准则的超短期风电功率组合预测

为了对超短期风电功率进行准确的预测,本文提出一种基于最小机会损失准则的超短期风电功率组合预测方法。即首先对风电功率时间序列进行EEMD分解,对分解得到的每个IMF分量采用不同优化准则建立组合预测模型进行预测;然后采用最小机会损失准则筛选预测精度最优的模型进行预测;最后对每个IMF分量的预测值进行组合叠加得到预测结果。实验结果表明,与EEMD+ELM、EEMD+BP、EEMD+RBF和EEMD+SVM等预测方法相比较,本文所提出的方法能有效提高超短期风电功率的预测精度。     

结合注意力机制与LSTM的短期风电功率预测模型

风力发电预测在电力系统的运行中发挥着重要作用。现有风电功率的短期预测模型因风速的复杂性和随机性,难以确定风速与风电功率的非线性映射关系,导致预测精度降低。提出一种结合变分模态分解、双阶段注意力机制、误差修正模块与深度学习算法的短期风电功率预测模型。通过对原始数据进行互信息特征选择,获得与风电功率相关性较强的特征,并对其进行信号预处理,利用变分模态分解对多维特征序列进行分解,得到具有一定中心频率的模态分量,以降低各个特征序列的复杂性和非平稳性。采用基于双阶段注意力机制与编解码架构的长短时记忆（LSTM）神经网络对模态分量进行训练与预测,得到初始预测误差。在此基础上,利用误差修正模块对初始预测误差进行变分模态分解和修正,从而提高模型的预测精度。实验结果表明,与自回归移动平均模型、标准编解码结构的LSTM模型相比,该预测模型的平均绝对误差最高可降低约87%,具有较优的预测性能。     

基于EMD-PSO-Bi LSTM组合模型的短期风电功率预测

风电功率预测对风电并网的稳定运行具有重要意义。为了解决风电功率预测中的精度和模型稳定性问题,引入了EMD-PSO-BiLSTM模型。通过经验模态分解技术将原始风电功率序列分解为一系列固有模态函数,以有效捕捉数据中的多尺度特征,并为每个模态序列建立了各自的预测模型。鉴于双向长短时记忆神经网络良好的泛化能力,建立了基于BiLSTM的各模态预测模型。进一步采用粒子群算法优化了BiLSTM参数,解决了模型非线性、高维、多模态等问题,获得了各模态分量的最优模型,并通过汇总各模态分量的结果得到了风电功率预测值。最后,以湖南省某风电场的实际运行数据为例,验证了EMD-PSO-BiLSTM模型可以有效提高风电功率短期预测精度。     

基于EEMD和LSTM的短期风速预测模型研究

由于风具有较强的阵性和局地性,影响因子较多,利用机器学习相关技术进行风速的预测,往往会受这些影响,降低预测的准确率,特别是对于瞬时大风的预测,准确度普遍不高。针对上述问题,提出一种基于集合经验模态分解法(EEMD)和长短期记忆神经网络(LSTM)相结合的短期风速预测模型,该模型采用EEMD将风速序列分解为多个频域相对稳定的子序列,进而改善经验模态分解法(EMD)模态混叠现象,再采用LSTM构建预测模型,实现短期风速预测。该方法与其他预测方法相比,预测的精度更高,误差更小,验证了本文预测方法的可行性和有效性。     

改进的EMD及其在风电功率预测中的应用

针对非平稳信号在经验模态分解(Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD)过程中包络拟合时出现的过冲/欠冲问题,提出采用分段三次Hermite插值代替三次样条插值作为新的包络拟合算法.针对神经网络对非平稳性功率序列预测困难问题,采用EMD和神经网络相结合的方法对发电功率进行预测.使用改进的EMD对...     

改进灰狼算法的核极限学习机的风功率预测

针对风能的波动性、非平稳性导致风电功率预测精度不高的问题,研究并提出一种基于可变模式分解(VMD)技术和改进灰狼算法(DIGWO)优化核极限学习机(KELM)的短期风电功率预测模型。将功率信号进行分解得到若干个不同带宽的模式分量,对各个模式分量建立核极限学习机预测模型。为提高核极限学习机的寻优能力,采用改进的灰狼算法对核极限学习机的参数进行优化,得到各个模式分量的预测值,将分量预测值进行叠加后得到风电功率最终预测。采用实际风电功率数据进行实验仿真,实验结果表明,该模型的RMSE和MAE分别是1.5%和1.16%,相比其他模型提高了风电功率预测精度。     

基于EMD和RBFNN的冷负荷组合预测模型

针对冷负荷预测问题,提出了一种基于相空间重构（PSR）、经验模态分解(EMD) 和径向基神经网络(RBFNN) 的 冷负荷组合预测模型。该模型首先利用经验模态分解方法,把冷负荷序列分解为少数模态分量,然后利用分组分量法将其分 为多个高频子分量、总低频分量和残余量,最后以PSR为基础对各分量利用RBFNN方法建模并将预测结果重构。该方法应 用于实际冷站负荷预测后,与单一RBFNN、SVM、LSSVM及基于EMD的SVM、基于EMD的RBFNN5类方法进行比较,结果 表明该方法对冷负荷预测精度有明显提高。     

基于CEEMDAN-SAFA-LSSVM的短期风功率预测

随着电网中风电渗透率的逐年提高,对其出力进行精确预测是保障电网可靠运行的技术措施之一.建立了基于CEEMDAN-SAFA-LSSVM短期风功率组合预测模型.采用完全集合经验模态分解(CEEMDAN)将原始风功率序列分解成特征互异的各个本征模态分量,对分解产生的本征模态分量进行相空间重构,然后根据得到的新模态分量建立相应的最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)预测模型.针对LSSVM模型的预测精度易受参数选择的影响,提出萤火虫算法(SAFA)优化LSSVM模型的参数,解决了 LSSVM参数寻优效率低的问题.算例分析表明CEEMDAN-SAFA-LSSVM模型在风功率预测中具有较高的预测精度和预测效率.     

基于FEEMD-PACF-BP_AdaBoost模型的风电功率超短期预测

针对风电功率超短期预测问题,提出基于快速集合经验模态分解(Fast Ensemble Empirical Mode De-composition,FEEMD)、样本熵(Sample Entropy,SE)和BP_AdaBoost集成神经网络组合的超短期风电功率预测模型.对风电功率原始数据,采用FEEMD方法将其分解为从一系列本征模态函数分量(IMF)和余项;运用样本熵来解决分量个数过多、计算量繁杂的问题,通过PACF(偏自相关系数)筛选出与预测值关联程度高的元素确定输入维数;选用泛化能力强的集成神经网络BP_AdaBoost构建单步滚动预测模型并叠加获得最终值.实验结果表明,该组合模型提高了预测精度,具有可行性和有效性.     

基于经验模态分解的小波神经网络预测模型

针对小波神经网络(WNN)在非平稳、非线性时间序列预测上无法实现自适应多分辨率分析,且其预测精度有待提高的问题,提出基于经验模态分解的小波神经网络预测模型。首先,对非线性、非平稳时间序列进行经验模态分解(EMD),以降低时间序列的非平稳性;然后对EMD分析得到的固有模态分量(IMF)和余项分别构建WNN模型;最后,汇总预测结果,得到预测值。通过数据验证,新模型的预测精度高于BP神经网络和WNN。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.