未来网络技术与发展趋势综述

对面向2030的未来网络领域的发展趋势进行了综述。首先,介绍了网络体系架构和试验设施领域的研究进展;其次,从网络控制与编排、网络深度可编程、网络确定性服务、网络计算存储一体化、网络与人工智能、网络与区块链、智能安全网络、网络空天地海一体化8个方面阐述了当前热点网络技术的背景、进展和主要成果;最后,分析了面向2030的未来网络发展趋势,预计到2030年未来网络将支撑万亿级、人机物、全时空、安全、智能的连接与服务。希望能为未来网络相关领域的研究提供参考和帮助。     

无线自组织网络的网络编码技术

网络编码作为一种新的技术在宽带无线自组织网络中有很好的应用,通过网络编码,中间节点可以将接收信息进行编码并发送出去,提高了网络吞吐量和健壮性。为不对现有网络的软硬件设备和相应的协议做很大的修改,可以选择在高层实现网络编码。无线传感器网络、无线格状网（Mesh）等无线自组织网络都可以使用网络编码技术显著提高多跳链路的传输性能。目前网络编码的研究热点集中在网络编码节点选取方案、网络编码算法的设计、网络编码复杂度分析、网络编码的性能分析、网络编码与系统安全性分析、网络编码在无线分布式网络中的应用等方面。     

传输网络智能优化关键技术研究及应用

网络优化是提高网络质量、改善客户体验、提升现网资源利用率的重要手段。目前我国传输网络优化主要依赖专家经验,基本是通过人工操作完成,属于被动型网络运维,可以称之为传统网络优化。这种网络优化可在一定程度上消除网络隐患,保障通信网络平稳运行,却存在智能化水平较低、效率低下、客户体验较差、安全隐患等问题。随着信息通信技术的迅速发展和通信网络建设的快速推进,网络容量急剧提升,网络用户规模大幅增加,网络设备多样化,网络结构日益复杂,传统网络优化已不能满足网络健壮运行的要求。在以高速率、大容量、低时延与高可靠为典型特征的5G时代,传统网络优化滞后性表现得尤为明显。必须采用新技术、新方法提高传输网络优化的灵活性与智能化程度,推动被动型网络运维向主动型网络运维转变、传统网络优化向智能化网络优化切换。文章采用数字技术开展传输网络智能优化关键技术研究工作,能够显著提高我国传输网络优化的智能化水平。     

未来网络的研究现状与发展前景

扼要阐述未来网络的研究意义,介绍未来网络的发展历程,全面分析未来网络在多媒体网络、网址分配、网络计算、数据中心、网络安全及故障诊断等相关领域的研究现状,并在此基础上预测未来网络在网络规模、开放开源、传输速度等方面的发展前景。最后指出在未来网络发展过程中应当注意的网络安全、网络节能及商业模型构建等问题。     

IP网络的测试方法

随着IP网络应用逐渐普及和深入,IP网络的建设、维护和故障诊断面临着巨大的挑战：网络的规模越来越大、组成网络的设备越来越复杂、在网络中运行的软件系统越来越庞大、网络承载的业务越来越多。网络测试是保证网络高性能、高可靠性和高可用率的基本手段,它在IP网络建设和发展中的重要意义正得到日益广泛的认可。网络测试网络是一个很复杂的系统,通常人们把网络分为不同的层次予以简化。在网络测试中,我们可以把网络分为3个不同的层次：设备层、系统层和应用层,因此网络测试正是针对这3个层次来进行的。网络设备测试主要包括功能测…     

有线电视提升网络维护质量的运维举措实践

有线电视网络是有线运营商开展广电业务的保障和基础设施,网络投入使用后其运行质量取决于网络的可靠性,提高网络可靠性的重要手段就是加强网络的维护,通过维护来保证网络能正常开展业务同时有效地延长网络使用寿命.苏州有线电视在网络维护上采用接报即修、主动维护、服务外包、小片区维护、网络年检等各种新型维护方式不断改进网络维护工作,提升网络维护质量,确保有线电视网高效优质地安全运行.     

电视行业视音频网络中的网络存储技术

首先分析网络存储技术中DAS、NAS、SAN三种存储方式，然后介绍网络存储方式的比较，最后从制作、播出网络数据存储的特点、适合视音频网络的网络存储方式和存储区域网络数据存储安全浅析三方面阐述了网络存储技术在视音频网络的应用。     

LTE网络规划发展策略

LTE网络是中国移动GSM、WLAN、TD网络之后,以数据业务为主的4G通信网络,现阶段只适用于数据业务,语音暂由2G、3G网络来承载,下阶段网络将承载语音,即VOLTE功能的实现。从网络长远发展及客户需求来看,2G、3G网络将被替代。从LTE网络的试运行到即将承载语音业务,LTE网络的发展是长远、复杂的问题。中国移动将不断探索,加强网络规划建设能力,在保证网络、客户优势的前提下,不断提升网络的运营效益。     

迎接光网络的黎明

创新的光网络概念和解决方案 下一代光网络应当是基于软件管理的光网络、侧重于业务开通的光网络、提供完整解决方案的光网络、提供交换能力的光网络以及智能化的光网络.为此,运营商必须采取新的光网络策略并接受观念上的革命.     

容迟／容断网络传输技术研究

容迟／容断网络（DTN）是从星际网络、卫星网络、AdHoc网络、传感网络等现实网络中抽象出来的一种特殊的网络模型。分析了DTN网络的研究背景和体系结构,重点研究了DTN网络的保管传输技术;通过仿真结果表明,与端到端的传输方式相比,保管传输技术在网络平均吞吐量和数据传输总量方面性能优越,适用于DTN网络。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Modulation instability of dispersion-shifted fiber couplers

The nonlinear coupled-mode equations are rewritten by even and odd modes. We study modulation instability (MI) of dispersion-shifted fiber couplers when either even or odd mode is launched alone by using zero-dispersion waveleng threlatively long (quasi-cw) pulses. The result shows that there are new types of MI in both the normal-dispersion and the anomalous-dispersion regimes. MI is concerned with forth-order dispersion and has no relation with third-order dispersion.Quasi-cw can be changed into pulses array under certain conditions. We can extract super short pulse from this. Furthermore,the bandwidth of gain spectra widens and its strength accretes as the input power increases.     

Experimental study of interband and intraband crosstalk in WDM networks

The impacts of interband and intraband erosstalk are studied and compared experimentally. Results show that interband crosstalk can be removed with narrow-band filters and has no influence on signal. Intraband crosstalk will result in signal eye diagram close and BER increasing. When the polarization states of signal and crosstalk align, intraband crosstalk seriously decreases signal quality. But when they misalign, it has little influence. Coherent and incoherent crosstalk are studied experimentally. Results show that coherent crosstalk is less harmful to system performance than incoherent crosstalk.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Analysis of error performance on Turbo coded FDPIM

Due to variable symbol length of digital pulse interval modulation（DPIM）, it is difficult to analyze the error performances of Turbo coded DPIM. To solve this problem, a fixed-length digital pulse interval modulation（FDPIM） method is provided. The FDPIM modulation structure is introduced. The packet error rates of uncoded FDPIM are analyzed and compared with that of DPIM. Bit error rates of Turbo coded FDPIM are simulated based on three kinds of analytical models under weak turbulence channel. The results show that packet error rate of uncoded FDPIM is inferior to that of uncoded DPIM. However, FDPIM is easy to be implemented and easy to be combined, with Turbo code for soft-decision because of its fixed length. Besides, the introduction of Turbo code in this modulation can decrease the average power about 10 dBm, which means that it can improve the error performance of the system effectively.     

Towards Mobile Ubiquitous Service Environment

In this article we present a perspective on future vision of mobile communications and services which is referred to as Mobile Ubiquitous Service Environment (MUSE). Based on analysis of wireless communications and services, we exploit a conceptual model for MUSE via a top-down approach. The conceptual model consists of three major elements: Terminal Service Environment (TSE), Network Service Environment (NSE) and User Identity (UID). The concept of Always the Best Experience (ABE) is addressed as the hinge in design and development such that the user-centric services could be provided automatically and intelligently in the future diverse wireless world Based on these, we further discuss the issues on design and implementation of architecture of future wireless communication system. Requirements for architecture brought by the new features of MUSE are listed. Moreover, we also address several tradeoffs that should be taken into consideration in design. Finally, the deployment challenges for MUSE, such as reflectiveness of system, security and privacy, as well as peer-to-peer AAA are predicted.Ji Yang received PhD degree on Circuit and System, Bachelor degree on Telecommunication Engineering from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT) in 2002 and 1993 respectively. Currently, he is an associate professor of BUPT, chief technical supervisor of Wireless Technology Innovation Institute, and vice manager of MTlab of Sino-Germany Software Institute. He leads the research on service and application in Future Forum in China. He also made much contribution to the China Communication Standardization Association (CCSA), including the vision of future Mobile Ubiquitous Service Environment, architecture of future B3G mobile terminal, etc. His research interests include architecture design for mobile ubiquitous networks, theory of self-organization, etc.Zhang Ping is now the professor of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications and director of Wireless Technology Innovation (WTI) Institute, BUPT. He has also served on the senior member of C3G Group, China MOST 863 future mobile communication FuTURE project, vice-chairman of China FuTURE Forum, and member of Vision Committee of World Wireless Research Forum(WWRF), he was vice chair of WWRF in 2005. He is also invited as the consultants for many domestic and oversea communication companies. He is very active on the international research activity on Beyond 3G area. He also participated in several European projects such as E2R and MOCCA. Until now, he has published 6 books, around 400 publications in journals and conferences in the area of telecommunications. His main research interests are theory and applications in wireless communication area. He was awarded by government, city of Beijing and Ministry of Information Industry several times for his great contribution to the industry and research activity in China.Hu Zheng is a PH.D candidate in mobile communications engineering in Wireless Technology Innovation Institute (WTI) at Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT). He received B.S degree from Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications in 2002, majoring in computer communications engineering. He currently works on serivce aspects of mobile ubiquitous communication system with focus on design and performance evaluation of interaction protocols and services in self-organized service environment.Wang Xu received the B.Tech. degree in electronic engineering from Beijing Polytechnic University (now named as Beijing University of Technology), Beijing, China, in 2002. Now he is working for his Ph.D. degree in Wireless Technology Innovation (WTI) Institute, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT). His current interests include wireless communications in personal area, ad hoc networks and peer-to-peer system.Li Yinong received the BS degree major in Telecommunication Engineering in 1993 from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, the MS degree and PhD degree major in Telecommunication and Electronic System in 1995 and 2003 from the Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications. He is currently a lecture of STE (School of Telecommunication Engineering) of BUPT. His main research interests include service modeling, service composition approach, and intelligent service. In BUPT, he has given several lectures to both graduate and undergraduate students such as Information Theory, Speech Recognition, Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence.