500 MPa级高延性方管用钢的开发及加工硬化行为

 为了开发满足二次加工性能要求的500 MPa级高延性方管用钢,采用OM、SEM和TEM等对500 MPa级高延性方管用钢制管前后的组织与性能进行分析,研究了其强化机制与加工硬化机理。结果表明,两种试验钢的组织均由铁素体和少量珠光体组成,低C-低Mn-Nb、Ti微合金化试验钢铁素体晶粒与珠光体球团尺寸更加细小,第二相析出物尺寸稍大,位错密度相似。两种试验钢制管前力学性能相似,低C-低Mn-Nb、Ti微合金化试验钢屈强比较高;制管后低C-低Mn-Nb、Ti微合金化试验钢加工硬化程度显著,屈服强度、抗拉强度分别增加了45与26 MPa,伸长率降低6.0%,高C-高Mn-Nb微合金化试验钢屈服强度、抗拉强度分别增加了22与10 MPa,伸长率降低4.0%。固溶强化与细晶强化是两种试验钢最主要的强化机制,由晶粒细化引起的强度增量占总强度的52.9%~61.8%,由固溶强化引起的强度增量占总强度的17.2%~25.3%;析出强化与位错强化对强度的贡献较小。制管后低C-低Mn-Nb、Ti微合金化试验钢位错强化增加显著,达到了82 MPa,明显高于高C-高Mn-Nb微合金化试验钢位错强化的贡献(65 MPa);对于制管用途而言,高C-高Mn-Nb微合金化试验钢制管后综合力学性能更加优异。     

Precipitation Strengthening by Nanometer-sized Carbides in Hot-rolled Ferritic Steels

The mechanical properties of the hot-rolled plates of Ti steel and Ti-Mo steel after isothermal transformation in a temperature range of 600 700 ℃ for 60 min have been tested, and the microstructures of the matrix and the characteristics of precipitated nanometer-sized carbides have also been examined by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The precipitation regularity of nanometer-sized carbides has been studied by thermodynamic method and the contributions of corresponding strengthening mechanisms to the total yield strength have been calculated. The tensile strength of hot-rolled Ti-Mo ferritie steel can achieve 780 MPa with an elongation of 20.0% after being isothermally treated at 600 ℃ for 60 rain, and the tensile strength of Ti steel is 605 MPa with an elongation of 22.7%, according to the results of tensile tests. The critical nucleation size of （Ti,Mo）C is smaller than that of TiC at a given isothermal temperature, but the nucleation rate of （Ti, Mo）C is larger than that of TiC. The grainrefinement strengthening and precipitation strengthening contribute the main amount of the total yield strength. The major increase in yield strength with the decrease of isothermal temperature results from the contribution of precipi tation strengthening. The contribution of precipitation strengthening to the yield strength of the steels has been esti mated. The ferrite phase can be strengthened by about 400 MPa through precipitation strengthening in Ti-Mo steel isothermally treated at 600 ℃ for 60 rain, which is about 200 MPa higher than that of Ti steel under the same conditions.     

Ti微合金化高强度热轧带钢组织性能及强化机理

The continuous cooling transformation behavior, the effect of coiling temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties, and strengthening mechanisms of Ti microalloyed high strength hot strip steel were systematically investigated by thermal simulation testing machine, laboratory rolling mill, SEM and HR-TEM. The dynamic CCT curve was established. The results show that the austenite to ferrite and pearlite transformation takes place when the cooling rate is less than 1??/s. The austenite to bainite transformation accompanied with austenite to ferrite and pearlite transformation takes place when the cooling rate is in the range of 5 ??/s to 10 ??/s. The bainitic transformation temperature is about 600??. The amount of granular bainite decreases, while the amount of lath bainite increases with the increase of cooling rate in the range of 20??/s to 50??/s. Furthermore, the study on the effect of coiling temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of experimental steel has shown that the strength and plasticity of tested steel are improved with decreasing the coiling temperature. When the coiling temperature is 550?棬the experimental steel possesses optimal mechanical properties owing to the grain refinement and precipitation of nano-scale TiC particles. And the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of tested steel were 742MPa, 683MPa and 22??5%, respectively.     

700MPa冷轧低合金超高强钢的典型连续退火工艺

为了开发新一代冷轧低合金超高强钢,利用连续退火实验机对Ti-0．12％、Nb-0．076％的冷轧低合金超高强钢进行连续退火实验,设计了760~830℃四种不同退火温度,研究了退火温度对实验钢的相组成、晶粒尺寸和力学性能的影响．在800℃退火、400oC过时效的条件下,可得到铁素体和少量贝氏体的组织,铁素体晶粒尺寸约为1．4μm,屈服强度可达700MPa．同时利用扫描电镜和透射电镜观察到钢中存在大量纳米尺寸的亚晶结构、少量位错以及纳米级的Ti、Nb的析出物．这些微结构单元对强度有较大的提升作用．      

轧后冷却工艺对V-N-Cr微合金化Q550E高强钢组织性能的影响

对低碳V-N-Cr微合金化钢进行了控轧控冷实验,终冷后采用了随炉冷、保温毡缓冷、空冷3种冷却制度,并对3种不同冷却制度钢板进行了显微组织、综合力学性能和断口形貌的分析。研究表明,空冷钢板显微组织为细小多边形铁素体及针状铁素体复相组织,铁素体晶粒尺寸5～8μm,针状铁素体由交织的板条组成,宽度1～3μm。在随炉冷及保温毡缓冷时,由于冷却速率缓慢,多边形铁素体及针状铁素体发生了回火,并析出细小弥散的碳化物。3种冷却条件下,屈服强度均≥585 MPa,抗拉强度≥694 MPa,延伸率≥27%,而且1/2试样-60℃冲击功≥36 J,综合力学性能优于Q550F级国标要求。细晶强化、析出强化、组织强化为本钢种的主要强化方式,冲击断口均由韧窝组成,呈现韧性断裂模式,控轧控冷引起的晶粒细化及针状铁素体的形成有效阻碍解理裂纹的扩展,从而增强低温韧性。     

780MPa级重载汽车用大梁钢的工业试制

以低碳复合添加微合金元素铌和钛为成分设计思路,综合运用细晶强化、相变强化和析出强化三种强化机制,在国内某厂1750mm半连续热连轧机组进行了780MPa级大梁钢的工业试制.结果表明,终轧温度需控制在780～860℃,卷取温度需控制在450～550℃.大梁钢的显微组织为贝氏体和少量的细晶铁素体,并获得了大量弥散的尺度为1...     

500 MPa级Nb Ti微合金化方矩形管用钢的强化机制

采用光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜等对500 MPa级Nb Ti微合金化方矩形管用钢的组织与性能进行了分析，研究了其强化机制。结果表明，终轧温度和卷取温度对试验钢的组织和力学性能有显著影响，在研究的温度范围内，终轧温度和卷取温度的降低均有利于获得更加细小的铁素体晶粒与细小弥散的第二相析出物；当卷取温度不变时，随着终轧温度的下降，屈服强度、抗拉强度和断后伸长率均升高；当终轧温度不变时，随着卷取温度的逐渐下降，屈服强度和抗拉强度呈现出先上升后下降的规律，而断后伸长率呈现出单调上升的规律；试验钢在终轧温度为840 ℃和卷取温度为570 ℃时可获得最优的综合力学性能，其屈服强度和抗拉强度分别为537和578 MPa，断后伸长率为33.5%；细晶强化是试验钢最主要的强化机制，由晶粒细化引起的强度增量占总强度的49%～51%，由固溶强化引起的强度增量次之，占总强度的23%～27%，由析出强化引起的强度增量较小，仅占总强度的3.8%～8.2%。     

淬火温度对80 mm调质690 MPa级低碳贝氏体高强钢板组织性能的影响

通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜、力学性能测试,研究了830～930℃淬火+650℃回火对690 MPa高强钢显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:实验钢经两相区830℃淬火+650℃回火后的组织为板条状铁素体和回火索氏体,其屈服强度较低为679 MPa。淬火温度在完全奥氏体化相区为890～930℃时,随着淬火温度升高,材料强度下降,韧性降低。当在890℃淬火和650℃回火时,屈服强度为791 MPa,冲击功为150～171 J, 达到690 MPa E级钢性能要求。     

钒氮微合金化高强度球扁钢的强韧化机制

针对球扁钢在孔型轧制时球头、腹板部位组织性能不均匀的问题,研究了钒氮微合金化技术改善高强度球扁钢截面均匀性的作用机制。采用ANSYS有限元模拟了球扁钢轧后冷却温度场的分布。结果表明,球扁钢轧后冷却过程中球头心部冷却较慢,腹板冷却较快。950℃终轧后冷却150S时,球头心部、腹板温度差异约为120℃;对比分析了钒和V—N...     

Effects of micro-alloying and production process on precipitation behaviors and mechanical properties of HRB600

Effects of micro-alloying elements and production process on microstructure,mechanical properties and precipitates of 600 MPa grade rebars were studied by using pilot test,metallographic observation,tensile test,thermodynamic calculation and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the tested steels are composed of ferrite and pearlite,in which the content range of pearlite is 33%-45%. For vanadium microalloyed steel,interphase precipitation strengthening effect of V can be promoted and the yield strength of tested steels can be increased with increasing V content and decreasing finishing rolling temperature. The temperature of terminated cooling should be more than 700 °C when the water cooling is used. When niobium is added to the steel,more coarse( Nb,V) C,N precipitates are generated at high temperature,so that the solid solubility of precipitated phases of vanadium is reduced and the precipitation strengthening effect of vanadium is weakened.     

Nb-Ti微合金化对热轧0.5~0.7Cr铲斗刀板型钢组织和性能的影响

试验0.5~0.7Cr铲斗刀板型钢（/%:0.22~0.30C,0.25~0.45Si,0.95~1.20Mn,0.006~0.009P,0.008~0.010S,0.5~0.7Cr,0.015~0.065Nb,0~0.040Ti）由50kg真空感应炉熔炼,热轧成16mm厚板,终轧温度850~900℃,空冷。通过光学显微镜、扫描、透射电镜和力学性能测试研究了Nb-Ti含量（0.015Nb,0.035Nb-0.010Ti,0.065Nb-0.040Ti）对热轧态铲斗刀板钢组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,试验钢组织为F+P,随Nb-Ti含量增加,钢板的晶粒细化,珠光体片层间距降低,（Nb,Ti）C和（Nb,Ti）(C,N)析出物增多,强度增加,0.065Nb-0.040Ti钢板的力学性能为屈服强度632MPa,抗拉强度916MPa,延伸率17.7%,K_AV40 J,HB硬度值234。     

Effect of process parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of non- annealed cold heading steel SWRCH35KM

In order to realize the on- line softening treatment of non- annealed cold heading steel SWRCH35KM, the influence of controlled rolling and controlled cooling process on the microstructure and mechanical properties of medium carbon cold heading steel was investigated. The results show that the microstructures of spherular pearlite dispersed in 60%-63% ferrite matrix are obtained after step slow cooling process. With the decrease of finish rolling temperature from 850?? to 750??, ferrite grain size refines from 15-16. 9??m to about 10??m, and spheroidization of pearlite tends to significantly. Tensile strength of test steel with step slow cooling process is about 490-510MPa, elongation is 36. 5%-40. 5%, and hardness is 73HRB-78HRB. Compared with the air cooling process, the tensile strength of test steel decreases by about 30-40MPa, elongation increases by 1%-3% and hardness decreases by about 2HRB-3HRB.     

EAF—CSP流程Nb微合金管线钢的开发研究

基于对Nb微合金化技术的系统研究，珠钢利用Nb—Ti复合微合金化技术，运用60mm厚度铸坯在EAF—CSP流程成功地开发了9．50mm厚度X60管线钢。结果表明，通过合理的冶金成分设计和控制连铸工艺、均热及除鳞工艺和控轧控冷工艺，解决了EAF—CSP流程Nb微合金化X60管线钢的组织混晶问题。开发的含NbX60管线钢组织均匀细小，晶粒度11．5～12．0级，具有优异的强韧性能和良好的焊接性能。     

Microstructure and properties of hot‐rolled high strength multiphase steels for automotive application

Effects of alloying with combinations of the elements Mo, Cr and B on the bainite transformation behaviour and microstructure of hot‐rolled high strength sheet steels microalloyed with mass contents of Ti and Nb, 0.05 or 0.15 % C and 1.5 % Mn have been studied. The relationships between microstructures formed in the steels coiled at various temperatures and their mechanical properties have been investigated. The 0.15 % C microalloyed steel alloyed with Mo,Cr and B with a complex bainitic microstructure was found to have distinctive high performance behaviour combining continuous yielding, high tensile strength and plasticity after coiling in a wide temperature region. The strain hardening of the micro‐constituents typical for the investigated steels has been analysed to have a better understanding of the mechanical properties of complex phase microstructures in low alloy ferrous alloys. It was found that bainitic ferrite with austenitemartensite islands as a second phase leads to high strength and adequate elongation. The features of the bainite formation in the Mo, Cr and B alloyed CMn steel microalloyed with Ti and Nb during slow cooling from temperatures between 650 and 550 °C was studied by dilatometry.     

罩式退火铌微合金化汽车钢的强化机理

 通过比较相同冷轧与罩式退火工艺下Mn-Si系和铌微合金化2种汽车用低合金高强钢的显微组织与力学性能,研究微量铌在冷轧罩式退火低合金高强钢中的强化机理。利用OM、SEM、TEM和拉伸试验机分别对2种钢的显微组织与力学性能进行了表征。对比分析表明：相对热轧板来说,2种钢冷轧退火板的铁素体晶粒和第二相析出物的尺寸都有所长大,导致了强度降低。相对Mn-Si钢而言,铌微合金化钢热轧板和冷轧退火板中的铁素体晶粒和第二相析出物尺寸更细小,细小第二相析出物的数量也更多,在相同的伸长率水平下明显提高了强度。冷轧罩式退火板的强化机理分析表明,铌微合金化低合金高强钢的主要强化方式是细晶强化和NbC的沉淀强化;研究认为添加质量分数为0.025%的铌时细晶强化更强烈。     

Effect of Adding Nitrogen on Microstructure and Property of Vanadium Microalloyed Reinforcing Bar Steel

Worldwideattentionhasbeenpaidtomicroal loyedsteelwhichhasbeendevelopedrapidly .Manyadvantagesofmicroalloyedsteelhavebeenrecog nizeddeeply .Firstly ,themicroalloyedsteelhashighstrengthand goodcomprehensiveproperties .Sec ondly ,highprofitscanbegainedduetolowerpro ductionandapplicationcost .Themicroalloyingele mentsareaddedtomicroalloysteelsforgrainrefin ingandprecipitationstrengthening[1] .　　Theabilityofsecondphaseparticlestomaintainfinegrainsizesathightemperaturebypinningmi gratingboundarie…     

控轧控冷工艺对低合金高强钢Q460力学性能的影响

通过改变终轧温度及轧后冷却速度,研究了终轧温度及轧后冷却速度对力学性能的影响。研究结果表明：采用轧后加速冷却的方法,可以显著细化Q460的铁素体晶粒,从而提高其强韧性能。当冷速从2℃/s提高到3.86℃/s时,铁素体晶粒直径从11.5μm细化到8.33μm。当冷速达到2.96℃/s以上时,Rel≥475MPa,Rm≥600MPa,屈强比为70%-80%。     

Ti-V-Mo微合金化22MnB5钢中析出相及其强化作用

使用温成形替代热成形可以避免热成形过程中表面氧化等问题,但热成形常用22MnB5钢在高温回火后出现明显的软化现象.而通过向钢中添加Ti、V、Mo等微合金元素可以在钢中形成细小的析出相以及细化晶粒,起到提高强度的作用,从而可以解决该问题.因此,通过在22MnB5钢中添加Ti、V、Mo微合金元素,利用OM(光学显微镜)、F...     

控轧控冷工艺对铌钛微合金钢组织和性能的影响

采用金相、图相仪、透射电镜和相分析等方法,系统地研究了不同控轧控冷条件对铌、钛复合微合金化低碳热轧钢板的组织和性能的影响规律;分析了不同工艺条件下铌、钛碳氮化物的析出行为;探讨了微合金钢的强化机制;提出了更佳的控轧控冷工艺参数。研究结果对开发高强度、高成形性能的汽车钢板具有参考价值     

超细晶粒钢及其力学性能特征

探索了在新一代钢中获得超细晶粒的方法。通过低温轧制和应变诱导铁素体相变，可以在碳素结构钢中获得晶粒尺寸小于5μm的超细晶粒，屈服强度大于400MPa。采用应变诱导铁素体相变可以在微合金钢中得到晶粒尺寸为1μm的超细晶粒。低碳微合金钢的屈服强度达到了600MPa，超低碳微合金钢的屈服强度超过了800MPa。采用微合金化和循环热处理可以在合金结构钢中获得2μm的奥氏体晶粒，1500MPa级抗拉强度下改善了耐延迟断裂性能。