Fe3Al/ZrO2复合材料海水腐蚀电化学行为

用电化学阻抗、极化曲线、扫描电镜等测试手段研究单相Fe3Al和Fe3Al／ZrO2复合材料的耐海水腐蚀性能。结果表明：浸蚀初期，材料的抗局部腐蚀能力由强到弱依次为单相Fe3Al〉Fe3Al（75 vol％）／ZrO2〉Fe3Al（50 vol％）／ZrO2，但随着浸蚀时间的延长，Fe3Al（50 vol％）／ZrO2复合材料的腐蚀速率下降较快；浸蚀30d后，其抗海水腐蚀性最好。     

超疏水船用铝合金表面微结构对耐海水腐蚀性能的影响

为提高船用铝合金的耐海水腐蚀性能,利用激光在5083船用铝合金表面分别刻蚀点阵、直线、网格3种微结构,采用聚合物基纳米复合材料构建微纳双层结构,制备超疏水船用铝合金表面。采用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜表征其形貌;用接触角测量仪测量接触角和滚动角;采用电化学分析方法测试在海水环境中的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明,具有微纳双层结构的超疏水表面符合Cassie状态,且随着微结构间距的增大,接触角减小,滚动角增大,其耐海水腐蚀性能显著增强。间距为100μm的网格微结构表面具有最大的接触角157.8°和最小的滚动角0.57°,可将铝合金的腐蚀阻抗提高2个数量级。     

金属间化合物基层状复合材料Ti/Al_3Ti的腐蚀行为

以TC4钛合金箔片和纯Al箔片为原料,采用真空热压烧结工艺制备单相金属间化合物Al_3Ti和金属间化合物基层状复合材料Ti/Al_3Ti。采用动电位极化曲线和交流阻抗谱等测试技术,研究对供货态的TC4、随炉热处理的TC4、单相金属间化合物Al_3Ti、金属间化合物基层状复合材料Ti/Al_3Ti在模拟海水环境下的腐蚀性能,并对腐蚀之后材料表面的形貌及腐蚀产物进行观察和标定,获得单相金属间化合物Al_3Ti和金属间化合物基层状复合材料Ti/Al_3Ti的耐海水腐蚀性能。结果表明:金属间化合物Al_3Ti的耐海水腐蚀性能比层状复合材料Ti/Al_3Ti的腐蚀性能要好,但腐蚀性能都比复合材料单元TC4合金的要差;层状复合材料海水浸泡的腐蚀产物主要分布在界面处,且有局部腐蚀现象出现。     

海水流速对典型金属管材腐蚀行为的影响

利用管路模拟腐蚀试验装置和电化学分析手段对比研究了4种典型海洋用金属管路材料在静态和动态海水环境中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,在静态海水环境中,碳钢的腐蚀速率远高于304不锈钢、B10铜合金和纯钛TA2。4种材料在3~10m/s流速内均为湍流腐蚀。流速为10m/s时,B10铜合金的动态腐蚀敏感性比304钢强,主要原因是在动态海水中B10的活化溶解区明显宽于304不锈钢,其成膜速度较慢。在静态和动态海水冲刷环境条件下,TA2由于在表面形成致密稳定的钝化膜,基本不发生腐蚀,是耐海水腐蚀性能最优异的管路材料。     

碳纤维环氧复合材料对30CrMo钢的防护性能

通过自腐蚀电位测量、电偶腐蚀试验、中性盐雾试验等方法,评价了海水环境中表面铺覆碳纤维环氧复合材料的30CrMo钢的腐蚀性能.结果表明,碳纤维环氧复合材料具有良好的抗渗水性,完整的碳纤维环氧铺覆涂层对于30CrMo钢基体有优异的防护作用;但两者存在着较大的电位差,若表面铺覆不完整,或是出现破损,将导致钢基体遭受更为严重的电偶腐蚀.     

微生物对碳钢海水腐蚀影响的电化学研究

通过在现场海水中暴露制备带微生物的试样,用电化学测量技术研究了微生物对碳钢海水腐蚀速度和腐蚀机制的影响。碳钢在海水中的腐蚀速度经历下降-稳定-上升的变化趋势。微生物主要是内锈层中的硫酸盐还原菌(SRB),其可加速碳钢的腐蚀。当内锈层中SRB的加速腐蚀作用大于锈层的缓蚀作用时,碳钢的腐蚀速度出现上升趋势。碳钢在海水中的腐蚀可分为氧扩散控制、过渡和SRB活性控制3个阶段。     

碳纳米管/镁锌复合材料在氯化钠溶液中的腐蚀行为

采用传统的失重法研究了碳纳米管/镁锌复合材料在3.5%氯化钠溶液中的腐蚀行为.用光学显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)和X-射线衍射(XRD)分析了复合材料的组织结构和表面腐蚀产物的组成.结果表明,复合材料腐蚀产物表面主要由小尺寸的Mg(OH)<,2>、MgO和碳纳米管组成;将碳纳米管加入到镁锌合金基体中能够明显细化晶粒尺寸,改善表面组织,大幅度提高耐腐蚀性;随着碳纳米管加入量的增加,该复合材料的抗腐蚀性越来越好.     

原位增强铸造Al-4.5Cu合金人工海水腐蚀行为的研究

研究用混合盐法制备的(TiB2 Al3Ti)/Al-4.5Cu原位复合材料在人工海水中的腐蚀行为,并与基体合金进行对比。结果表明,(TiB2 Al3Ti)/Al-4.5Cu原位复合材料在人工海水中比基体合金有较大的腐蚀敏感性;其腐蚀机制以点蚀为主,增强相颗粒在晶界的偏聚使其也出现晶间腐蚀;该原位复合材料在pH为7.0的人工海水中耐蚀性,比在pH为8.2的人工海水中好。     

铝基复合材料的腐蚀与防护研究现状

对Cf/Al、SiC/Al、Al2O3/Al三种铝基复合材料的腐蚀研究现状和防护方法进行了讨论.Cf/Al复合材料以电偶腐蚀为主.SiC/Al 复合材料的腐蚀多发生在碳化硅纤维和铝基体的界面处,其原因是界面处的缝隙容易导致孔蚀和缝隙腐蚀,并最终可能造成表面剥层.Al2O3是绝缘体,与Al不存在电偶腐蚀,同SiC/Al和C/Al等相比具有更高的耐腐蚀性.目前提高铝基复合材料的防腐蚀性能的方法,主要包括铝基复合材料表面阳极氧化防护膜、表面化学钝化防护膜、其他表面涂镀层、增强体表面涂层、基体合金化等.最后展望铝基复合材料腐蚀与防护的研究和发展.     

硬脂酸封孔处理纳米TiN的涂层电化学腐蚀行为

因制备特点,反应等离子喷涂制备的陶瓷涂层不可避免存在孔隙、微裂纹等缺陷,影响了涂层性能的发挥.为了提高反应等离子喷涂纳米TiN涂层的耐腐蚀性能,用硬脂酸对涂层进行了封孔处理.采用Gamry电化学工作站研究了封孔处理后TiN涂层腐蚀不同时间的电化学腐蚀行为,分析了涂层的腐蚀过程.结果表明,硬脂酸封孔涂层具有较大的腐蚀电阻,较小的腐蚀电流和腐蚀速率,封孔处理显著提高了TiN涂层在海水中的耐腐蚀性能.     

含菌介质中MDOPD对SRB菌及生物膜腐蚀的抑制作用

用动电位扫描极化曲线、原子力显微镜和电子探针等方法研究了SRB生物膜在培养基介质中对于含咪唑杂环的双季铵盐化合物MDOPD的敏感性．结果表明：含菌介质中，MDOPD吸附在电极表面，形成完整致密的有机保护膜，对电极的腐蚀反应具有良好的抑制作用，SRB的代谢及腐蚀产物也难以在电极表面直接吸附和沉积，从而降低了SRB生长代谢的次生过程（包括酸浸蚀等）对腐蚀的促进作用；同时也降低了介质中的SRB参与碳钢腐蚀的机会．     

PREPARATION AND CORROSION RESISTANCE OF NiP/TiO2 COMPOSITE FILM ON CARBON STEEL IN SULFURIC ACID SOLUTION

A NiP/TiO2 composite film on carbon steel was prepared by electroless plating and sol-gel composite process. An artificial neural network was applied to optimize the prepared condition of the composite film. Corrosion behavior of the NiP/TiO2 composite film was investigated by polarization resistance measurement, anode polarization, ESEM （environmental scanning electron microscopy） and EIS （electrochemical impedance spectroscopy） measurements. Results showed that the NiP/ TiO2 composite film has a good corrosion resistance in 0.5mol/L H2SO4 solution. The element valence of the composite film was characterized by XPS （X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy） spectrum, and an anticorrosion mechanism of the composite film was discussed.     

有机覆膜对热烧结锌铝涂层耐腐蚀性能的影响

为提高热烧结锌铝涂层（简称锌铝涂层）的耐蚀性,在涂层表面涂覆一层环氧富铝膜,形成复合涂层。采用十字划格法测试锌铝涂层和复合涂层的附着强度,并用扫描电镜（SEM）分析涂层微观形貌;用海水全浸实验和中性盐雾实验评价涂层的耐蚀性能;采用动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）研究涂层的电化学性能。结果表明,复合涂层表面更为完整致密,防水性能优于锌铝涂层;环氧富铝膜层能够有效的阻挡腐蚀介质的入侵,复合涂层耐蚀性比锌铝涂层高。复合涂层腐蚀初期主要为扩散控制,随着腐蚀介质的不断渗入,环氧膜层中的Al粉发生活化反应,起到了一定的牺牲阳极保护作用。有机覆膜提高了锌铝涂层在海洋环境中的适用能力。     

仿生超滑表面对Al基体微生物腐蚀防护性能与机制研究

采用电化学刻蚀-表面修饰-全氟聚醚油注入三步法在模板材料纯Al表面制备了仿猪笼草超滑表面,研究了仿生超滑表面对典型腐蚀微生物-硫酸盐还原菌的附着及所致腐蚀的影响.结果表明,仿生超滑表面在静态和动态环境均可明显抑制硫酸盐还原菌的附着,这主要是由于仿生超滑表面作为一种"类液体"表面,无法为细菌的附着提供锚点.同时,全氟聚醚油可通过阻止腐蚀性介质向基体的渗入,抑制基底Al的腐蚀过程.该研究的开展可为海洋微生物腐蚀防护材料的开发提供理论依据和模型.     

SRB-biofilm influence in active corrosion sites formed at the steel-electrolyte interface when exposed to artificial seawater conditions

Electrochemical evolution of the interface formed by carbon steel exposed to artificial seawater with nutrients in the presence and absence of mixed cultures that contain sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) is characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The artificial seawater in sterile conditions progressively covered the surface of the steel sample with two different layers after 30 days of exposure. An outer layer is formed by a mixture of chlorides and phosphorus-based iron corrosion products with organic compounds from the culture media, and an inner layer is formed by corrosion products mixture constituted mainly by phosphorus-base products. Alternatively, under biotic conditions there was one heterogeneous layer composed by a mixture of phosphorous and sulfur-based corrosion products and biofilm. Three time constants were observed with EIS for sterile conditions. At low frequencies one constant is associated with the charge transfer resistance related to the iron dissolution reaction and inversely proportional to the active area; the porous resistance magnitudes at medium frequencies characterized the physicochemical properties of the inner layer, and high frequency described the electrical properties of the outer mixture layer. Low carbon steel in the presence of SRB (halophilic hydrogenotrophic) showed the impedance distribution after the formation of a corrosion product thick black layer mixed with organic composites and bio-entities. The SRB-biofilm enhanced the corrosion rate and influenced the appearance of diffusion controlled mechanism process. Electrical passive analogs in terms of constant phase elements characterized the evolution of the cover films formed and the impedance of the layers with time. The mechanisms are characterized based on the impedance response for three time constants in the absence of SRB and one time constant with a finite Warburg element when SRB are present in the electrolyte. The validation of the theoretical approximation with electrical analogs was in good agreement with the experimental results.     

Sulfate‐reducing bacteria‐assisted hydrogen‐induced stress cracking of 2205 duplex stainless steels

The paper presents the results of a laboratory investigation of the microbiologically assisted hydrogen‐induced stress cracking (HISC) of 2,205 duplex stainless steel (DSS). The testing of susceptibility toward HISC was performed with two different methods. Precharged in sulfate‐reducing bacteria (SRB), inoculated medium samples were subjected to slow strain‐rate testing in artificial seawater. In situ constant load tests were performed directly in SRB‐inoculated medium under hydrogen charging at 70% of the ultimate tensile strength. Samples tested in the biotic (SRB) conditions showed a considerable loss of ductility as compared to those tested in sterile conditions. Quantitative characteristics of fracture surfaces indicated increased susceptibility to HISC of biotic samples, therefore, suggesting a role of SRB in promoting hydrogen damage of DSS.     

Corrosion Behavior of Cupronickel Alloy in Simulated Seawater in the Presence of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria

The corrosion behavior of cupronickel alloy immersed in the simulated seawater in or without the presence of sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB)was studied.The results of scanning electronic microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectra reveal that corrosion of the sample immersed in the simulated seawater with SRB was more serious than that immersed in the simulated seawater without SRB.The atomic force microscopy images show that after immersion for 15 days,the surface roughness of the sample in the simulated seawater with SRB was higher than that of the sample in the simulated seawater without SRB.The analysis of confocal laser scanning microscopy indicates that the average depth of the pits on the surface of the sample in the simulated seawater with SRB was almost twice deeper than that of the sample in the simulated seawater without SRB.     

Self‐healing properties of TiO2 particle–polymer composite coatings for protection of aluminum alloys against corrosion in seawater

TiO₂ particle–polymer composite coatings were applied to the surface of a 5083 aluminum alloy. After using a knife to create an artificial defect, polarization resistance was monitored in artificial seawater at a temperature of 30 °C. The polarization resistance of the specimen coated with the composite polymer containing 3 vol% TiO₂ particles increased significantly over time, suggesting that the composite coating had self‐healing properties. A carbon‐containing 2‐µm thick film was found on the coated aluminum substrate at the site of the artificial defect. The formation of the film was related to the dissolution of bisphenol A (BPA), which is a chemical precursor of the polymer coating that behaved as an inhibiting agent.     

304不锈钢表面单层/多层TiN基涂层制备及耐磨蚀性能研究

目的探究钢基表面TiN基涂层在海洋环境中的耐磨蚀性能。方法采用电弧离子镀技术,在304不锈钢和单晶硅表面分别沉积TiN、TiBN、TiBN/TiN涂层,并对3种涂层样品的表面–截面形貌、摩擦系数、在人工海水中的电化学性能和摩擦腐蚀行为进行测试。结果形貌表征和干摩擦测试结果显示,TiBN和TiBN/TiN涂层有着比TiN柱状晶更加致密的微观结构,3种涂层的摩擦系数相差不大,比304SS的摩擦系数低。在人工海水环境中的电化学测试结果表明,TiBN/TiN涂层的耐腐蚀性能最佳,TiBN涂层次之,TiN涂层则表现出比304不锈钢基底更差的耐腐蚀特性。在发生摩擦腐蚀的过程中,3种涂层的电位（OCP）均发生了下降。结论利用电弧离子镀技术在304不锈钢表面沉积的单层/多层TiN基涂层,在人工海水环境下,发生的摩擦会增加涂层发生腐蚀的趋势,结构致密,表面易形成钝化膜的涂层,其耐磨蚀性较好。