数字自相关技术在LPI雷达信号检测中的应用

导出LFM信号自相关输出包络表达式，基于中频数字化接收机平台对采样数据直接进行自相关处理。绕过传统相关检测方法，提出利用LFM信号自相关输出包络典型特征进行检测的思路。     

基于多重累积相关的LFM脉冲信号实时检测算法

针对线性调频(LFM)脉冲信号的实时检测问题,提出了一种基于多重累积相关的检测算法.该算法根据信号与噪声具有不同的统计特性,利用LFM信号的累积相关高于噪声的累积相关的原理实现LFM脉冲信号的检测.通过二次累积改善累积相关输出的信噪比,实现对多分量微弱LFM脉冲信号的有效检测.该算法复杂度低,可以通过递推运算减小运算量...     

基于线性调频时宽的MIMO雷达正交波形设计

线性调频(LFM)信号是一种被广泛应用的大时宽带宽积信号,利用LFM信号的多样性可设计多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达的正交波形。该文针对现有波形相关函数存在的问题,以理论分析为基础,提出一种基于LFM时宽的发射波形,并给出了一种相应的正交波形设计方法。该方法以峰值旁瓣电平为准则,利用序列二次规划对各子脉冲LFM信号的时宽进行优化设计。仿真结果表明,与现有方法相比,所设计波形具有较低的自相关旁瓣电平和互相关电平。此外,通过数值实验分析了相关性能随波形个数及子脉冲个数的变化关系。     

基于RFRFT技术的LFM信号去相关分离方法

讨论了一种采用去相关算法优化简化的分数阶傅立叶变换(RFRFT)技术分离LFM信号的方法,对要分离的LFM信号进行RFRFT变换实现参数特征识别后进行去相关处理.并基于该方法设计了一种LFM信号去相关分离系统模型.最后利用MATLAB软件仿真了基于该算法在LFM信号检测分离的效果,从仿真结果上看,该方法提高了RFRFT技术实现LFM信号分离的质量,此外该算法也具有易实现,计算量小等特点.     

基于频谱细化的LFM信号识别

线性调频信号（LFM）的识别是电子对抗侦察中的一个重要问题。本文通过对LFM信号的瞬时自相关函数进行频谱细化分析,得到精确的调频斜率,用该调频斜率对原信号进行解线性调频后,再进行频谱细化分析,得到信号的起始频率,从而达到识别LFM的目的。最后从单LFM和多LFM识别两个方面通过仿真证明了算法的有效性。     

伪码调相连续波引信压制式宽带干扰抑制的包络滤波方法

该文分析了几种典型压制式宽带干扰(BPSK干扰、调频干扰)对伪码调相连续波引信相关输出的影响。分析发现当干扰强度超出伪码调相引信的抗干扰容限时,其相关输出严重恶化,因此必须在相关检测前对上述干扰进行抑制。提出了一种通过包络滤波的宽带干扰抑制新方法。接收信号经过正交解调输出I,Q两路信号,由I,Q两路分量获得解调信号的瞬时包络和瞬时相位。包络序列在变换域通过门限滤波去除有用信号和白噪声成分从而得到干扰信号包络。利用滤波后的包络和瞬时相位重构出干扰同相信号,最后将干扰信号从I路放大信号中去除即得到所需信号。仿真分析发现该方法能较好地抑制干扰,尤其是对强干扰,相关输出得到明显改善。该方法计算简单,易于理解,容易工程实现。     

基于分数阶傅里叶变换的线性调频信号分辨率分析

分数阶傅里叶变换(FRFT)是分析线性调频信号(LFM)最有效的工具之一.本文研究了LFM信号在分数阶傅里叶域(FRFD)上的分辨性能以及变换阶次上的分辨性能,并研究了变换阶次误差对输出信噪比的影响,分别得到了 FRFD分辨率、变换阶次分辨率、输出信噪比损失与信号持续时间及调频率的关系,为利用FRFT进行LFM信号检测和参数估计时的分辨率分析、变换阶次搜索步长的选择等提供一定的理论参考.     

基于LFM 信号相位/ 调频率调制的探通一体化共享信号设计

探通一体化是雷达对抗复杂电磁干扰的一种重要手段,其中基于线性调频(LFM)信号的共享信号设计是实现探通一体化的关键技术之一。文中提出了一种LFM 信号相位/ 调频斜率调制的探通一体化共享信号设计方法,通过设计附加相位或调频斜率以实现基准LFM 信号的调制,构建一个具有良好自相关和互相关性能的共享信号库。仿真给出了共享信号设计参数的选取依据,并分析了其探测及通信性能,证明了其在目标检测及通信应用中的优势。     

基于FRFT的伪码引信自适应LFM干扰对消方法

该文分析了LFM干扰对伪码引信相关输出的影响,当干扰强度超出伪码引信自身的抗干扰容限时,相关输出严重恶化,因此必须采取相应的抗干扰措施。考虑到LFM干扰与伪码引信有用信号间存在着强的时频耦合,提出了基于FRFT的自适应干扰对消方法。该方法首先对观察信号进行FRFT,估计干扰的特征参数,利用估计出的干扰参数构造自适应干扰对消器,将干扰去除。仿真表明,该方法能够有效滤除LFM干扰,相关输出得到显著改善,该方法对单分量和多分量干扰均有效,不受交叉项影响。     

基于FPGA的LPI信号检测

本文分析了利用信号相关检测理论对典型的低截获概率(LPI)线性调频(LFM)信号进行检测的方法,并搭建了一个基于FPGA的信号相关检测系统。基于FIFO的设计方案通过中间乘积结果的预存大大减少了求相关运算的计算量。最后利用FPGA实现白噪声背景下LFM信号的产生,通过检测系统后发现有目标,证明了该系统在工程上是可实现的。     

聚对苯撑苯并双(口恶)唑发光及其器件制备

采用光谱技术,研究了聚对苯撑苯并双(口恶)唑(PBO)溶液的光敏发光特性,并用相对法估算出溶液发光效率在50%范围.结合光谱技术、半导体电学和电化学等研究手段,具体研究了以PBO为发光层的单层电致发光器件,研究结果显示,电致发光与薄膜的光致发光有具有相同的发光中心,峰值位于510 nm左右.同时发现,由于存制备过程中不同处理条件使得不同厚度薄膜残留的掺杂物质浓度不同,从而引起薄膜的导电性的不同.使得器件的阈值场强随PBO厚度的减小而逐渐增加.     

系统级封装新型埋入式电源滤波结构的研究

在高密度小尺寸的系统级封装(SiP)中,对供电系统的完整性要求越来越高,多芯片共用一个电源网路所产生的电压抖动除了会影响到芯片的正常工作,还会通过供电网路干扰到临近电路和其他敏感电路,导致芯片误动作,以及信号完整性和其他电磁干扰问题.这种电压抖动所占频带相当宽,几百MHz到几个GHz的中频电源噪声普通方法很难去除.结合埋入式电容和电源分割方法的特点,提出一种新型高性能埋入式电源低通滤波结构直接替代电源/地平面.研究表明,在0.65～4GHz的频带内隔离深度可达-40～75 dB,电源阻抗均在0.25ohm以下,实现了宽频高隔离度的高性能滤波作用.分别用电磁场和广义传输线两种仿真器模拟,高频等效电路模型分析这种低通滤波器的工作原理以及结构对隔离性能的影响,并进行了实验验证.     

Emerging interconnects: a state-of-the-art review and emerging solutions

Aluminium was a primary material for interconnection in integrated circuits (ICs) since their inception. Later, copper was introduced as interconnect material which has better metallic conductivity and resistance to electromigration. As the aggressive technology scaling continues, the copper resistivity increased because of size effects, which causes increase in delay, power dissipation and electromigration. The need to reduce the resistor-capacitor??????? delay, dynamic power utilisation and the crosstalk commotion is as of now the fundamental main impetus behind the presentation of new materials. The purpose of this paper is to do a survey of interconnect material used in IC from introduction of ICs to till date. This paper studies and reviews new materials available for interconnect application which are optical interconnects, carbon nanotube (CNT), graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) and silicon nanowires which are alternatives to copper. While doing a survey of interconnect material, it is found that multiwalled CNTs, multilayer GNR and mixed CNT bundles are promising candidates and are ultimate choice that can strongly address the problems faced by copper but on integration basis copper would last for coming years.     

Arsenic deposition as a precursor layer on silicon (211) and (311) surfaces

We investigate the properties of arsenic (As) covered Si(211) and Si(311) surfaces by analyzing data from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) images. We then create a model using total surface energy calculations. It was found that both Si(211) and Si(311) had 0.68±0.08 surface As coverage. Si(211) had 0.28±0.04 Te coverage and Si(311) had 0.24±0.04 Te coverage. The Si(211) surface replaces the terrace and trench Si atoms with As for a lower surface energy, while the Si edge atoms form dimers. The Si(311) surface replaces all terrace atoms and adsorbs an As dimer every other edge site. These configurations imply an improvement in the mean migration path from the bare silicon surface by allowing the impinging atoms for the next epitaxial layer, tellurium (Te), to bind at every other pair of edge atoms, and not the step terrace sites. This would ensure a nonpolar, B-face growth.     

光子晶体微腔发光二极管

光子晶体微腔因其具有增强自发辐射、定向输出和单模工作的能力而受到广泛关注。介绍了光子晶体微腔发光二极管的基本原理、设计、特性、制作及其典型器件。     

Comparative study of maximum power point tracking techniques for hybrid renewable energy system

The power generation demand is increasing day-by-day throughout the world, therefore, the use of hybrid systems becomes a significant solution. The hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) is used for delivering power in various regions in order to overcome intermittence of wind and solar resources. Because of increasing environmental problems, for example, greenhouse gas emission and energy cost have interested novel research into substitute methods in favour of electrical power generation. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control method is a vast deal of novel research used for enhancing the efficiency of HRES. The authors have revealed that the hybrid techniques i.e. Global MPPT, fuzzy-neuro systems, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), Perturbed and Observe (P&O) + Adaptive Neural Network (ANN) etc. can provide best results as compared to other MPPT control methods. This paper offering a state of art review of MPPT control techniques for HRES.     

用于单光子TOF测量的时间-幅度变换器

基于新型共源共栅电流源的积分方法,设计了一种用于单光子飞行时间(TOF)测量的时间-幅度变换器(TAC)。该方法有效简化了TAC电路结构,减小了TAC占用面积,显著提高了TOF的满量程范围(FSR)。采用0.18 μm标准CMOS工艺设计。集成TAC的单光子探测器像素单元的填充因子可达到26.8%。后仿真结果表明,该TAC在120 ns的FSR内具有230 ps的定时分辨率,微分非线性(DNL)低于0.05 LSB,积分非线性(INL)低于1.1 LSB。蒙特卡洛仿真表明,512个TAC像素间的不均匀性低于0.5 %。该TAC非常适用于高密度时间相关的单光子计数(TCSPC)探测器阵列。     

超宽带脉冲信号的光学生成方法研究

近年来超宽带(UWB)通信技术迅猛发展,在测量、雷达技术、民用和军事无线通信中有着重要的应用,UWB-over-fiber技术已经成为目前研究的热点,其中就包括UWB脉冲信号的产生方法。区别于传统的电子学方法,光子学产生方法不受电子瓶颈制约,可以实现很高的带宽,并且具有抗电磁干扰、重量轻、结构紧凑的优点。通过对比国内外本领域研究成果,讨论及总结了以下三种原理的UWB脉冲信号的光学生成方法:1)相位调制-强度调制转换(PM-IM);2)半导体光放大器(SOA)的非线性效应;3)频谱塑形和色散所致频域-时域映射,然后对各种方案进行了对比分析。     

Joint estimation of TOA and DOA in IR-UWB system using a successive propagator method

Impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) ranging and positioning require accurate estimation of time-of-arrival (TOA) and direction-of-arrival (DOA). With receiver of two antennas, both of the TOA and DOA parameters can be estimated via two-dimensional (2D) propagator method (PM), in which the 2D spectral peak searching, however, renders much higher computational complexity. This paper proposes a successive PM algorithm for joint TOA and DOA estimation in IR-UWB system to avoid 2D spectral peak searching. The proposed algorithm firstly gets the initial TOA estimates in the two antennas from the propagation matrix, then utilises successively one-dimensional (1D) local searches to achieve the estimation of TOAs in the two antennas, and finally obtains the DOA estimates via the difference in the TOAs between the two antennas. The proposed algorithm, which only requires 1D local searches, can avoid the high computational cost in 2D-PM algorithm. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can obtain automatically paired parameters and has better joint TOA and DOA estimation performance than conventional PM algorithm, estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques algorithm and matrix pencil algorithm. Meanwhile, it has very close parameter estimation to that of 2D-PM algorithm. We have also derived the mean square error of TOA and DOA estimation of the proposed algorithm and the Cramer-Rao bound of TOA and DOA estimation in this paper. The simulation results verify the usefulness of the proposed algorithm.     

多孔硅发光机制的分析

从量子力学的基本理论出发讨论了量子限制效应，推导出多孔硅有效禁带宽度增量并用量子限制效应和表面态及其物质在发光中作用的理论解释了ＰＳ光致发光的实验现象。