基于EMD的穿墙雷达墙体回波抑制算法

穿墙探测中墙体回波对于目标检测影响较大。针对超宽带穿墙雷达中去除墙体波的问题,提出采用基于EMD方法提取回波信号中的目标信号分量和墙体回波信号分量,并去墙体回波信号。搭建试验系统并通过处理实测数据,结果表明,提出方法能够有效去除墙体回波信号,并且能够保留目标信号的绝大部分信息,进而对运动人体目标进行检测。     

距离多普勒域多雷达信号融合

传统的单雷达目标检测算法在低信杂噪比(SCNR)场景下,其检测性能较差,对低空微弱目标检测时,由于杂波信号很强,目标回波信号可能在单个雷达的回波中被杂波淹没,导致不能检测到目标。所以,文中提出一种多雷达信号融合算法检测动目标,在距离多普勒域对多个雷达回波信号进行融合,增强目标信杂噪比。最后,通过仿真来验证提出的算法的有效性。     

基于单脉冲雷达对多个不可区分的目标信号的检测研究

在单脉冲雷达系统中,当回波受到两个或多个不可区分目标信号(信号在频域、时域上不可区分)的干扰时,得到的目标信号到达方向(DOA)不是所跟踪目标的真实信息,这就影响了系统对目标的可靠跟踪。文献[1]提出了一种对回波是来自单目标还是两个不可区分目标的检测方法。本文对其推广,应用到回波可能来自N个不可区分的目标。仿真表明,多目标情况下的检测概率不一定大于两个目标时的检测概率,处于最大间距上的两目标的信噪比对检测概率影响较大。     

基于DFRFT水下动目标LFM回波检测算法

匹配滤波器作为高斯白噪声背景下线性调频信号的最优检测器,在水下声信号处理中得到了广泛的应用。根据匹配滤波器输出峰值位置可以获得目标距离的估计,但运动目标径向速度造成的回波和样本失配将导致匹配滤波器检测性能下降。利用分数阶傅里叶变换对线性调频信号的聚焦特性,提出了应用离散分数阶傅里叶变换的水下运动目标线性调频回波检测算法。仿真测试表明,该算法对于混响噪声背景下径向速度未知动目标的线性调频回波具有良好的检测性能。     

基于m序列的半导体激光测距技术研究与仿真

针对传统脉冲式半导体激光测距机在中远程测距的应用中,回波信噪比过低而难以检测目标信号的问题,提出了一种基于m序列的小型化半导体激光测距方案,以单周期m序列作为激光发射波形,对微弱低信噪比回波信号采用相参积累及匹配滤波相结合的数字信号处理方法。通过仿真及计算,证明本方案可以提高回波信噪比,并有效地从微弱回波信号中提取出目标信号,进而提高激光测距机的测距能力。     

海况对海面目标雷达回波的影响分析

海面自身随机多变的特性会对海面目标的雷达回波信号检测产生重要影响。文中利用分形方法对海面建模仿真, 模拟了五种不同的海况,基于雷达工作原理设计了一款雷达视频回波信号仿真软件,提高了仿真的逼真度和实时性。针对雷达散射截面(RCS)不同的舰船目标模拟仿真雷达回波,研究了海况对海面目标雷达回波的影响。结果表明:随海况等级的增加,海杂波噪声信号增强,RCS 相对较小目标的雷达回波会逐渐被海杂波淹没。海面目标雷达回波仿真软件既能用于分析海面及目标的电磁散射特性;同时,在目标检测与识别中会有重要应用价值。     

雷达自适应周期MTD 跟踪目标设计应用

提出了一种改进型的动目标检测(MTD)跟踪目标设计,该方法可根据目标速度实时计算信号周期,保持目标回波始终位于非关断滤波器内,通过参数设计控制目标回波的频谱远离关断滤波器,保证目标回波信号始终被检测到,MTD 处理方法又可实时测量目标的速度,形成闭环的自适应周期MTD 跟踪。该方法在某型雷达上得到应用,性能良好。     

基于多抽样率信号处理的无源雷达MTD方法

以数字电视信号为机会照射源的雷达系统研究为背景 ,提出用以多抽样率信号处理为基础的多级抽取信号处理算法解决运动目标检测中海量数据处理问题。文中叙述了数字电视广播信号回波的数学模型、多级抽取基本原理、目标检测算法 ,以数字电视信号为反射回波做了仿真 ,对运动目标进行检测 ,并对仿真结果做了分析。     

基于SET和AlexNet的雷达动目标检测方法

针对传统的雷达动目标检测方法在杂波背景下目标识别率低的问题，提出了基于时频分析和卷积神经网络的雷达动目标检测方法。首先，通过同步提取变换将动目标的回波信号转换为时频分布，初步提取回波信号的时频特征；然后，对回波信号时频分布的脊线进行提取，并基于此构建数据集；最后，将数据集输入AlexNet进行训练和测试，实现雷达动目标的识别和分类。仿真实验表明，基于SET和AlexNet的方法在噪声环境下能够有效检测动目标，对匀速、匀减速、匀加速三类动目标都具有较高的识别率。脊线提取的应用增强了低信噪比下回波信号的时频特征，提高了检测方法的准确率和噪声鲁棒性。     

激光回波的目标检测算法

目标检测的阈值法经常用于检测目标的回波信号。它的性能取决于信噪比,当信噪比大于6.7时,能够检测出目标。为了提高信噪比,经常采用匹配滤波器。如果系统是窄带系统,噪声为色噪声,无法使用匹配滤波器,不能提高信噪比。激光回波信号的几何特征不同于噪声。提出了一种利用这种几何特征检测目标的算法。当信噪比大于2时,该算法能够检测出目标。该算法已经实际应用。     

激光器相位噪声对高速IM／DD光纤通信系统特性影响的研究

光源的光谱特性对高速光纤通信系统的传输特性有很大的影响，本文分析了半导体激光器的相位噪声（线宽）对高速光纤通信系统特性的影响，分析结果指出，在高速长距离ＩＭ／ＤＤ系统的设计与分析中必须考虑激光器线宽的影响，由于光纤的色散特性，激光器的相位噪声在接收端将转化为强度噪声，使光接收机的接收灵敏度产生恶化，并在ＢＥＲ－Ｐｒ曲线上表现出“饱和”现象（ｆｌｏｏｒ）。本文的实验结果验证了这一点     

激光辐射防护与光电对抗技术研究进展

介绍了国外激光辐射防护与光电对抗技术的研究和发展概况,内容主要包括:传统的激光防护器材、激光防护新技术和新材料、光电传感器和武器装备光学窗口的激光防护、激光辐射综合防护系统、激光防护器材的评价测试、激光对抗与防护措施,并简述了激光辐射防护技术的发展趋势。     

Nondestructive thickness measurement system for multiple layers of paint based on femtosecond fiber laser technologies

Because optical fiber-based optical systems are generally robust against external interference, they can be used as reliable systems in industrial applications in various fields. This paper describes fiber lasers generating femtosecond pulses that use optical fibers as gain media and optical paths. Additionally, the nondestructive paint multilayer thickness measurement of automotive parts using terahertz waves generated and detected by femtosecond fiber laser systems was conducted.     

目标激光雷达截面的计算方法及应用研究

依据激光测量系统的设计、评价需要,对目标激光雷达截面（LRCS）的计算方法及应用等有关问题进行了研究。在讨论LRCS一般计算方法的基础上,重点针对镜面反射目标,提出了一种简便的LRCS工程估算方法,并应用于激光角反射器目标和“猫眼”目标,得到了相应的LRCS估算公式;从目标LRCS的角度推导出激光测量方程,该方程可普遍适用于各类激光测量系统和各种散射特性目标,并具有应用简单、方便的特点,可广泛应用于各类激光测量系统的论证设计和性能评价。     

激光辐射多功能集成防护镜

为了减少和避免激光和微波辐射眼损伤,设计研制了防激光、防微波、激光探测告警为一体的多功能防护镜。该防护镜由特定功能的光学部件和光电子模块组成,包括多功能复合防护镜片、镜架和激光探测报警系统。进行了多功能防护镜复合技术研究和防护性能测试。结果表明,该防护镜在激光波长532nm,1064nm,790nm,840nm的光密度为4.0～7.28;可见光积分透过率为18.7%;微波衰减大于20dB;报警系统在532nm,1064nm和840nm激光波长能提供自动检测和声光报警,报警器的探测灵敏度为10-7/cm2;该防护镜可承受1g质量、300m/s～400m/s速率的钢制球形破片的冲击;防护镜总质量小于200g,该防护镜防护波段宽、对激光和微波的衰减倍率高、防护角大、可见波段透光性好、可分体和组合使用、体积小、重量轻、便于佩戴、适用于个人佩戴防护和光电传感器的防护。在现代光学实验和各种激光与微波作业环境,以及反恐和公共安全中是不可缺少的防护器材。     

IF signal transmission at 60 GHz-band using direct modulation of atwo-mode locked Fabry-Perot slave laser

We demonstrate the fiber transmission of an IF signal at 60 GHz-band using a two-mode injection-locked Fabry-Perot slave laser for fiber radio systems. The IF signal can be generated by the CW modulation of the slave laser without using an optical intensity-modulator. We confirm the fast response of the modulated slave laser and a 77 dB dynamic range for signal modulation against third-order distortion. The IF signals power deviation caused by fiber dispersion is also investigated     

宽视场有增益光学系统设计

从激光探测告警光学系统的视场和光学增益出发,分析了浸没透镜的光学增益和像差特性。针对激光告警设备设计了宽视场有增益光学系统:视场角30°,光学增益可达20倍以上,结构简单,对降低激光辐射源功率、增强探测距离有一定的意义,经分析该方案可行。     

Laser phase noise impact on optical DP-MQAM: experimental investigation

Advances in optical technologies, modulation formats, and symbol transmission rates became paramount for today’s agile high spectral efficiency optical networks. Nonetheless, laser phase noise (PN) has played a major impact on the performance of these systems due to the employment of moderate-quality lasers that significantly affect the implementation of high-order modulation schemes starting from existing QPSK and growing to MQAM, \(M=16\), 32, and 64. In this paper, we report an optical dual-polarization (DP) transmitter prototype that digitally emulates the effect of the laser phase noise, according to Wiener process, applied to a different types narrow-linewidth laser sources. This enables the generation of an arbitrary laser linewidth ranging from kilohertz up to tens of megahertz. Our experimental study evaluates the effect of PN on the performance of tracking algorithms commonly implemented on practical coherent receivers. The experimental results show that, for laser linewidth \(\le \)1 MHz, practical filter recovery algorithm succeeds to make appropriate tracking for both DP-QPSK and 16 QAM at 16- and 32-Gbaud system rates. However, for 10 MHz linewidth, correct recovery is possible only for DP-QPSK.     

Theory of modal character, field structure, and losses for semiconductor lasers

The contemporary semiconductor laser oscillates and radiates power simultaneously in many of the characteristic modes of its cavity, perhaps only a few for the "stripe" laser neat threshold, but hundreds or thousands for power lasers. This article provides a comprehensive theory of the modal characteristics: field structure, polarization, characteristic frequency, radiation pattern, and losses. A new theory is developed for cavities with a nonuniform dielectric. The subject matter is indispensable to understanding or use of the new nonlinear theory of laser processes. Much of it is also relevant to dielectric, optical transmission systems in general     

Self-heterodyne multiterminal system concepts for frequencydivision multiplexed fiber-optic communication

System structures are described that use a centralized optical source for supplying all optical power needs-signal generation and coherent detection. In the configurations described the following benefits occur. Functional systems can be implemented with already demonstrated, and in many cases readily available components. There is no need for local oscillator optical sources and there is no need to stabilize the local oscillators with respect to a remote transmitter frequency to achieve coherent detection. Increases selectivity against other signal frequencies and increased signal-to-noise result from the use of coherent detection. When configured to equalize reference and signal time delay paths, both slow and fast laser source phase and frequency jitter are compensated for. One may therefore efficiently implemented multiple-access frequency division multiplexed networks in which the individual communication bandwidths are small compared to the linewidth of the laser power source