基于apFFT时移相位差法的多普勒雷达测速系统研制

为了实现多普勒雷达的精确测速,采用基于具有初相不变性的apFFT(all phase FFT,全相位快速傅里叶变换)的时移相位差法,以FPGA为数据处理平台,进行数据的采样存储、加窗处理、频谱变换以及频谱分析和相位计算,所得结果通过以太网传输至PC,再利用MATLAB的GUI可视化界面进行数据观察、分析。实验结果表明,在采样率200 kS/s、2048点频谱分析的条件下,测速误差可精确到千分之一。因此,该方案能实现高精度的速度测量。     

基于DSP的交通雷达测速仪设计

介绍了多普勒雷达测速原理和用DSP芯片TMS320VC5402的汇编程序实现FFT算法方案,在DSP芯片中对被检测车辆运动产生的多普勒频率进行频谱分析。针对交通雷达测速系统的原理及测试方法进行了深入分析,并提出了有效改善其性能的方法。对提高国产交通雷达测速系统的精度与可靠性并使其向多功能测试系统发展具有重要的现实意义。     

基于虚拟仪器技术的测速雷达信号处理系统

本文详细介绍了采用基于PXI体系结构的虚拟仪器技术及其在雷达测速上的应用，并成功的研制了某型测速雷达采集与处理终端。     

逆合成孔径雷达在驼峰测速系统中的应用

目前使用的驼峰测速雷达一般安装在轨旁,应用多普勒原理对溜放车组的速度进行测量,一部雷达只能测量一个股道的溜放车组速度.现基于逆合成孔径雷达测速原理,提出将雷达侧向安装在溜放线路一侧的上方,并建立了雷达回波数学模型,采用了一种基于自聚焦的溜放车组速度估计算法.仿真结果表明:该算法能够精确地连续测量多股道溜放车组的瞬时速度.     

一种新型铁路列车测速雷达的研究与应用

为满足铁路提速列车对测速的要求,采用全天侯8 mm波长一体化传感器及新型嵌入式微处理器等关键技术,研制了一种新型列车测速雷达装置.该装置由测速雷达主机、电源、打印管理器和测速信息管理系统等组成,应用多谱勒效应、同步门控测频基本原理和方法,实现了从普速列车到高速列车准确、快捷测速的监控.经实际测试表明,该装置达到了预期功能和设计目标.     

扫频式FFT频谱分析仪数字中频全软化设计与实现

提出了扫频式FFT频谱分析仪一种全软化解决方案,采用相位差校正法解决了FFT计算中的频谱泄漏问题,实现了全景范围实时、高精度的频谱测量;经仿真与实际信号验证,频谱幅度测量精度可达到1%,频率测量精度高于0.1%;该方案已经成功应用于某武器型号的测试系统中.     

多普勒雷达安装偏差及测速精度的估计与补偿

研究飞行器导航定位精度优化问题,由于固定天线多普勒雷达、航姿系统及导航系统等测速存在误差,引起系统导航误差.为了减小测速误差,提高导航精度,提出了一种采用安装偏差与测速精度估计的补偿方法.分析了多普勒雷达的工作原理及误差的影响因素,建立了误差模型,然后利用卡尔曼滤波器,结合误差模型,将安装偏差、测速精度作为状态变量进行了估计,最后根据估计值进行了补偿.仿真结果表明,在载机起飞、降落、平飞等飞行状态下,改进方法能准确地对安装偏差、测速精度进行估计,减小了测速误差,提高了载机在陆地及海洋上飞行的导航精度.     

谱估计法在反舰导弹雷达角噪声仿真中的应用

作用于反舰导弹末制导雷达的角噪声是影响反舰导弹精度的重要随机因素,对其进行建模和校验是必要的.首先分析了形成末制导雷达角噪声的主要来源,即海面目标反射中心和目标振幅起伏两项因素,然后采用频谱分析法建立了反舰导弹雷达导引头的雷达角噪声仿真模型,并用谱估计法进行了校验.仿真结果表明,基于频谱分析法所生成的雷达角噪声谱估计曲线与理想谱的拟合性好,能够满足反舰导弹精度仿真分析的需要.采用上述思路所建的雷达角噪声仿真模型提高了模型的可信度.     

基于DSP的雷达测速监控系统的设计

介绍了基于DSP芯片TMS320VC5502的雷达测速监控系统的设计。利用了多普勒效应原理,对运动车辆产生的多普勒频率进行频谱分析,计算行驶速度。针对雷达测速监控的需要,提出了扩展PAL/NTSC制式视频接口采集超速车辆视频图像信息的方法。采用了RS-485接口传输JPEG视频图像压缩数据,提高了系统的可靠性和实用性。     

粒子滤波对火车车载测速系统的改进

分析了传统信号处理方法测速的问题,提出一种修正的粒子滤波算法跟踪多普勒雷达信号,算法通过融合各种先验信息提高信号跟踪的精度,解决了在火车车载测速低速段测量精度偏差问题.实验表明测速效果良好.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.