机组人员搭配协调性评价方法的研究

机组排班中机组成员搭配协调性关系到航班的飞行安全与服务质量。论文在分阶段机组排班思想研究的基础上，综合考虑机组人员技术、时间与性格等因素，按照搭配互补原则建立了机组协调性评价体系，给出了采用模糊优选动态规划思想将一个多阶段的问题转化为一个个单阶段问题，实现对机组协调性进行分析与评价的基本过程，为机组生成提供了形式化分析与解决方法。     

基于双控制器平滑切换的变桨控制算法开发

为提高大容量风电机组在山地大湍流风场的适应能力，提升山地风场机组安全系数。通过变桨控制策略的整体结构改进，在原有变增益PI控制算法基础上，设计了模糊变桨PI控制，并开发了两种变桨控制器根据不同风况平滑切换的控制方案，完成了变桨双控制器平滑切换的新型变桨控制算法开发。通过仿真实验及现场应用证明，变桨双控制器平滑切换控制方案能减小大湍流风场机组超速及振动故障发生率，降低机组载荷，提升机组安全系数。统计表明，该算法使山地大湍流风场机组振动故障减少60%以上，超速故障减少100%。     

PLC在蜂窝除尘机组上的应用

棉纺行业清花及梳棉工艺中，大量使用除尘器。老式除尘器占地面积大，滤尘效果不理想，采用时间继电器控制，故障率也高。为此，开发出蜂窝除尘机组，控制器选用西门子S７－２００系列PLC。该类机组已经过５年多、近３０００台机组的运行，实现了机组自动运行，大、小车定位准确，满足了联锁、压差及火警报警、机组自保护的要求，保证了清花、梳棉工艺系统稳定可靠运行。蜂窝除尘机组自动控制原理：①通过检测安装在大车导轨槽上的传感器来确定大车的位置，从而确定集尘风机运行状态；②通过检测安装在小车导轨槽上的末端传感器，决定小车…     

CPS逻辑控制开关的设计与应用

为了满足电力市场的需求，目前各大电网已经对有关的发电厂提出了在大机组上投用CPS功能的要求。由于种种原因，各发电厂中大机组的CPS功能参差不齐。比如，有的机组在设计之初并没有考虑CPS功能；有的机组虽配备了该功能，但操作上存在不便之处，运行人员无法在操作盘上直接进行操作，需要热控人员在工程师站上进行信号强制才能完成该功能的投用和切除；有的机组CPS功能还存在不完善之处，无法完全满足电网的调控要求和机组的安全运行要求。出现以上各情况时，均需要重新设计CPS功能或对原有的CPS功能进行修改，以实现电网需求和大机组本身安全有效运行需求的兼顾和统一。     

GE Fanuc 90-70系列PLC和iFIX组态软件在稀硝酸机组基础自动化系统中的应用

本文针对稀硝酸机组的工艺特点及技术要求，介绍了基于PLC和组态软件技术实现生产过程监控的化工机组自动化系统，讨论了由现场级、PLC控制级和监控级三层组成的基础自动化系统的结构、功能和控制方法。用防喘振控制模式、启停车逻辑控制模式及PID回路控制器实现了该机组的控制目标。该系统成功地应用于安徽化工10万吨稀硝酸机组中，实现了机组运行过程的实时监控、防喘振控制和联锁逻辑等功能，获得了良好的应用效果。     

300MW供热机组制粉系统的运行

三河电厂二期两台东方300MW供热机组自投产以来，通过在分析对比制粉系统设计参数、总结影响炉内结焦因素的基础上，各方面不断深挖改进，从如今实际的运行状况看，解决了不少机组运行中的问题，保障了机组正常稳定的运行，取得了明显的经济效益和社会效益。     

乌江电厂轴承温度停机保护的设计与应用

针对乌江渡发电厂二号厂机组情况，探讨水电厂机组推力轴承及导轴承承温度停机保护的设计与应用，收到良好效果，为同类机组情况轴承温度停机保护的设计与应用提供了参考。     

西门子PLC在挤出造粒机组中的应用

文中以吉林石化公司高密度聚乙烯装置60吨／小时挤出造粒机组为例，详细介绍了西门子S7—400H／FPLC在大型机组控制中的应用实例，充分展现了PLC系统对成套机组控制的优越性。     

水轮机组故障诊断数据库系统

水轮机组运行中的振动、轴温等状态量蕴含着大量可利用信息，故障诊断数据库系统通过对这些状态量的采集、处理和分析，来实现水轮机组运行状态在线实时监测，极大地提高了机组利用率。该系统采用SQL Server做数据库系统，介绍了报传输、数据处理以及前端的访问，最后给出了故障分析的事例。     

OVATION分散控制系统结构构成及系统维护

OVATION分散控制系统的设计基于开放式思路，采用了目前由工业控制专家开发的最好的技术，目前正逐渐成为贵州省新建超临界机组的主流DCS控制系统。结合贵州省首台600MW超临界机组——兴义电厂2×600MW超临界机组^#1机组使用的Ovation分散控制系统进行说明，简要阐述Ovation系统的系统结构及构成特点，系统...     

基于改进粗糙集锅炉效率计算模型

针对无规律的现场原始数据造成锅炉效率计算模型准确性不理想的问题,本文将扩展的粗糙集理论引入锅炉效率神经网络计算模型中.仿真结果表明,该方法弱化了原始数据的无关性,优化了模型结构,在准确性和时效性方面得到了比较理想的结果.     

基于FES和FTA的锅炉安全隐患预警及评价系统

锅炉系统中安全隐患与隐患征兆之间具有一定模糊性,难以建立精确的数学模型预测锅炉安全隐患。提出了一种基于FES和FTA的锅炉安全隐患预警及评价模型,该模型通过模糊推理,判断安全隐患征兆,预警锅炉安全隐患,对锅炉系统进行安全性、经济性等系统评价,为管理人员提供最优系统运行方案的重要参考依据。最后,基于Web技术设计开发了B/S结构的锅炉安全隐患预警及评价系统,系统应用结果表明,安全隐患预警结果准确率高,系统评价结果可靠有效。     

Online adaptive least squares support vector machine and its application in utility boiler combustion optimization systems

Boiler combustion optimization is a key measure to improve the energy efficiency and reduce pollutants emissions of power units. However, time-variability of boiler combustion systems and lack of adaptive regression models pose great challenges for the application of the boiler combustion optimization technique. A recent approach to address these issues is to use the least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM), a computationally attractive machine learning technique with rather legible training processes and topologic structures, to model boiler combustion systems. In this paper, we propose an adaptive algorithm for the LS-SVM model, namely adaptive least squares support vector machine (ALS-SVM), with the aim of developing an adaptive boiler combustion model. The fundamental mechanism of the proposed algorithm is firstly introduced, followed by a detailed discussion on key functional components of the algorithm, including online updating of model parameters. A case study using a time-varying nonlinear function is then provided for model validation purposes, where model results illustrate that adaptive LS-SVM models can fit variable characteristics accurately after being updated with the ALS-SVM method. Based on the introduction to the proposed algorithm and the case study, a discussion is then delivered on the potential of applying the proposed ALS-SVM method in a boiler combustion optimization system, and a real-life fossil fuel power plant is taken as an instance to demonstrate its feasibility. Results show that the proposed adaptive model with the ALS-SVM method is able to track the time-varying characteristics of a boiler combustion system.     

基于LSSVM的工业锅炉燃烧性能指标软测量

为实现工业锅炉的燃烧优化,需要实时掌握飞灰含碳量、炉渣残碳量等燃烧性能指标的变化.本文采用最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)建立了循环流化床锅炉(CFBB)燃烧性能指标的软测量模型,并提出一种基于自然选择的粒子群算法来优化LSSVM参数.在此基础上,利用工业锅炉现场数据,进行了本文的软测量模型与神经网络软测量模型的对比研究,结果表明:本文方法具有精度高和泛化能力强的优点,可作为工业锅炉飞灰含碳量、炉渣残碳量等燃烧性能指标的有效测量工具.     

多组态全工况工业锅炉操作仿真培训系统研究

对工业锅炉安全运行培训仿真技术进行了系统的研究;在详细分析多种工业锅炉操作过程与现有仿真培训系统的基础上,运用多组态分析技术,建立了一个工业锅炉仿真培训模型,开发出具有多工业锅炉模型的、集培训与考试为一体的、支持大规模分布式环境下进行全工况工业锅炉仿真培训的系统。实际运行的效果表明,系统运行可靠、稳定,提高了培训的效率。     

Digital computer manipulation of high-order linear system equations including systems with input derivatives†

A systematic method for the digital computer manipulation of the equations describing high-order linear processes into canonic state space form is briefly reviewed. The basic method is then extended to embrace system models which, it transpires, include input derivative terms. The paper concludes with a numerical example relating to a boiler dynamic model described by a set of 23 differential and algebraic equations. This example, in addition to illustrating the method of equation manipulation proposed brings out, quite simply, certain features of the boiler model in question which have not been discussed in previous papers.     

A nonlinear state‐feedback state‐feedforward tracking control strategy for a boiler‐turbine unit

A boiler‐turbine unit is a primary module for coal‐fired power plants, and an effective automatic control system is needed for the boiler‐turbine unit to track the load changes with the drum water level kept within an acceptable range. The aim of this paper is to develop a nonlinear tracking controller for the Bell‐Åström boiler‐turbine unit. A Takagi‐Sugeno fuzzy control system is introduced for the nonlinear modeling of the Bell‐Åström boiler‐turbine unit. Based on the Takagi‐Sugeno fuzzy models, a nonlinear tracking controller is developed, and the proposed control law is comprised of a state‐feedforward term and a state‐feedback term. The stability of the closed‐loop control system is analyzed on the basis of Lyapunov stability theory via the linear matrix inequality approach and Schur complement. Moreover, model uncertainties are also considered, and it is proved that with the proposed control law the tracking error converges to zero. To assess the performance of the proposed nonlinear state‐feedback state‐feedforward control strategy, a nonlinear model predictive control strategy and a linear strategy are presented as comparisons. The effectiveness and the advantages of the proposed nonlinear state‐feedback state‐feedforward control strategy are demonstrated by simulations.     

能量动态平衡数学模型研究

热电站燃煤锅炉是一个多输入／出全部相互关联的复杂系统，人们试过许多数学模型都难把燃烧控制搞好。本文提出的“能量动态平衡”数学模型较好地解决了燃烧过程的自动控制，已在3个热电站5台锅炉上取得显著效益。     

Development of a neural network based integrated control system of 120 ton/h capacity boiler

An integrated control system based on artificial neural network (ANN) is presented in this paper to control a 120 ton/h capacity boiler of the Zia Fertilizer Company Limited (ZFCL), Ashuganj, Bangladesh. The process inverse dynamic modelling technique is applied to design the proposed controller. A multilayer feed-forward neural network is trained to identify the unknown inverse dynamic model of the boiler plant by a well known learning algorithm called backpropagation. The training data were collected from the history file of ZFCL. A new software controller is then developed for integrated control system of the ZFCL boiler using the weights of the trained network. Both the training mode and running mode of the developed controller are presented in this paper. The controller output is also converted into electrical signal using pulse width control technique. The generated signal is used for on-line regulation of the control valve through the parallel port of the computer. The developed controller is tested by using the boiler input–output data that are not used during the training. The output response and performance of the developed controller is compared with those of the existing PID controller of the plant.