多用户协同无线网络中的中继选择的研究

针对多用户协同无线网络中的中继选择问题,提出了两种基于不同系统开销的半分布式中继选择算法。这两种算法以中断概率为优化目标,充分利用多用户协同无线网络的特点,以较低的系统开销和计算复杂度获取使系统中断概率达到最小的中继选择问题(指派问题)的次优解。仿真结果表明,两种算法均可以较好地逼近中断概率性能的下界,并保证用户公平性,而算法2以较大的系统开销换取优于算法1的容量性能。提出的两种半分布式算法在性能和系统开销之间获得了较好的折衷,可以大幅简化中继选择在实际无线通信系统中的应用,尤其适用于稠密人口地区的应用。     

基于球形译码的分布式空频编码协同通信系统检测算法

针对频率选择性衰落下的多中继分布式空频编码协同通信系统,提出了一种基于球形译码的频域符号检测算法。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该检测算法不仅获得了与最大似然(ML)检测算法相同的误符号率性能,而且显著降低了分布式空频编码协同通信系统检测算法的复杂度,具有较高的实用价值。     

Multi-radio packet scheduling for real-time packet traffic on general link layer

提出了一个能够为在通用链路层(GLL)上的实时分组业务提供QoS保障的多接入分组调度算法.首先设计了一个目标是在保障实时业务QoS的同时避免资源浪费的调度效用函数,该函数表示将一个用户数据包调度到一个无线接入链路上进行传输所带来的效用;其次在这个调度函数的基础之上兼顾了公平性,建立一个多接入分组调度模型,值得注意的是该模型是一个NP问题;最后利用Hopfield神经网络来快速有效地为这个调度模型找出优化解.仿真结果表明,与M-LWDF和PLR等典型算法相比,该算法在高系统负载的情况下能够满足实时分组的时延要求,同时提高了频谱效率并降低了丢包率及时延抖动.     

面向用户体验的动态负载均衡算法研究

随着互联网用户数量的迅速增长,Web服务面临着巨大的访问压力,对Web服务器持续提供服务提出了更高的要求。当负载过重时可能会导致服务器宕机等严重状况,从而影响Web服务器对用户HTTP请求的响应,进而影响服务质量,因此Web服务器集群需要更好地响应用户请求。本文提出了一种基于用户体验的动态负载均衡算法(Q RFS),在保证用户满意度的前提下,兼顾服务器的负载和请求调度的公平性。实验表明,QRFS算法能够获得更好的用户满意度。此外,在请求的平均响应时间上,QRFS算法较加权轮询(WRR)算法提高了 12%,较加权最小连接数(WLC)算法提高了 11%;在服务器负载的均衡性上,QRFS算法取得了更好的效果,节点间的负载方差更小。     

一种基于带缓存crossbar的优先级排队机制及其调度算法

基于带缓存crossbar的交换结构提出了一种支持多优先级的调度方案.该方案在带缓存crossbar交换结构的输入端口提出了一种基于端口与优先级标识的层次化排队机制,并结合该排队机制提出了一种加权双轮询(DWRR)的调度算法,在crossbar内部交叉节点处的缓存队列提出了一种易于实现的补偿优先轮询(CPRR)调度算法.这种DWRR-CPRR优先级调度方案不需要在crossbar交叉节点设置多个优先级缓存队列,避免了在带缓存crossbar内部进行复杂的调度,实现简单.时延特性与带宽分配特性的仿真结果表明,该方案可以获得接近于采用加权公平排队(WFQ)调度策略的OQ交换结构的性能.     

协作通信中一种非差分分布式空时码

构建了一种循环酉矩阵群的非差分分布式空时码,该码字基于一个简易的三跳通信信道模型,可以应用于信道状态不是特别优良,或者由于通信距离两节点之间不能实现直接通信的情况,也可以应用于Ad hoc网络.在源节点处用循环对角酉矩阵群来构建发送码字,利用分集和的方法得到最优生成矩阵.在中继处利用广义Hadamard矩阵构建中继酉矩阵,对信号进行酉线性处理.并得出三跳通信模型下部分相干分布式空时码的译码公式,根据此公式得到如何选择生成矩阵来提高系统性能.最后对该码字进行仿真对比,得出在低信噪比情况下,两跳通信系统性能比三跳模型的好,但是在高信噪比下三跳通信模型要比两跳的更为优良,并且比差分编码性能提高3dB左右.     

基于多小区协作分布式波束选择算法

针对多天线蜂窝系统中小区间干扰带来的性能损失,研究了使用多小区协作波束选择来减少小区间干扰,提出了可在各个小区独立实现的分布式波束选择算法。该算法首先使小区之间相互交换用户的信道状态信息,之后每个小区基于本小区以及邻小区用户的信道状态信息来估计所有用户的信干噪比,最后选择能够最大化信干噪比乘积的波束。分析表明,在两小区模型下该算法的性能接近最优波束选择算法,同时复杂度大大降低。经仿真结果验证,在多天线蜂窝系统中使用分布式波束选择算法,可以在不影响用户公平性的基础上显著提高系统平均速率。     

传感器网络移动中继节点部署算法

针对传感器网络节点能量有限性及节点能量消耗不匀性问题,提出一种移动中继节点部署算法。首先假设网络中没有移动中继节点时,对静态节点提出一种最优路由树算法来构建数据传输路径;在此基础上再采用贪婪算法增加移动节点改善网络的拓扑结构提高路由树连通性;接着提出一种高效的分布式迭代算法,使得路由树的拓扑结构收敛于最优位置;最后进行理论分析与仿真实验,结果表明该方法具有一定理论意义与实用价值。     

水声通信系统中分布式空时分组码的研究

协作传输可以获得无线信道内在的空间分集,有效改善通信系统的性能,增加通信系统的覆盖范围。对水声通信系统中两中继节点协作的译码转发方案进行了研究,提出了基于译码转发协议(DF)的分布式空时分组扩频编码(DSTBSC)方案,该方案可以克服多径衰落对分布式空时分组码(DSTBC)信号正交性的影响。给出了DSTBSC方案的系统模型,着重分析了在采用两中继译码转发时,中继节点的误码对水声通信系统性能的影响。在接收端不考虑信号冲突的情况进行仿真,结果表明,与直接传输方案相比,采用两中继节点、译码转发的DSTBSC方案,在两中继节点处均无误码和一个中继有误码时在相同的比特误码率(BER)条件下均可获得约4dB的分集增益,增加了传输距离。     

无线中继网络系统容量最大化中继选择机制

分析了基于用户频谱效率的中继选择算法的不足,基于最大流最小割定理,给出了系统容量最优化问题模型,分析了两跳中继网络接入链路和中继链路对系统容量的不同影响.基于链路权重因子,提出一种基于系统容量最大化的中继选择算法.对不同中继选择算法下的系统容量差异的理论与仿真分析结果表明,提出的系统容量最大化中继选择算法可以获得更优的系统容量性能,并对网络拓扑和节点个数具有良好的鲁棒性.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.