改进包皮环切术治疗包茎及包皮过长比较分析

目的探讨改良包皮环切术治疗包皮过长及包茎手术方式的选择并总结术后效果。方法采用改良包皮环切术及传统袖套式包皮环切术对492例患者进行手术,并对2组术中出血量、手术时间及术后并发症进行观察,并比较其治疗效果。结果2组术中出血量为、手术时间、并发症发生率均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论改进包皮环切术操作简单,效果满意,手术时间短,并发症少,值得推广。     

商环包皮环切吻合器性包皮环切术85例报告

目的探讨商环包皮环切吻合器的临床效果和手术方法。方法使用商环包皮环切吻合器治疗包茎30例,包皮过长55例。结果手术时间短,切除整齐美观,疤痕少,去环后伤口裂开2例,轻度水肿10例,继发性轻度出血1例。结论商环包皮环切吻合器是一种创新,操作简便,并发症少,值得推广和应用。     

诱导化疗在舌鳞状细胞癌治疗中的应用及意义

目的探讨诱导化疗对舌鳞癌患者局部病灶及生存率的影响。方法 63例舌鳞癌患者随机分为2组:Ⅰ组(单纯手术)42例;Ⅱ组(诱导化疗+手术)21例,应用SPSS10.0软件统计分析2组5年生存率。结果 (1)Ⅱ组诱导化疗总有效率为71.0%(22/31),完全缓解2例。(2)Ⅰ、Ⅱ组的5年生存率分别为35.7%、61.3%,2组间有显著性差异(P<0.05);Ⅱ组诱导化疗有效者和无效者5年生存率分别为68.2%、22.2%,2组间有显著性差异(P<0.05);Ⅱ组中诱导化疗无效者和Ⅰ组5年生存率分别为22.2%、35.7%,2组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论有效的诱导化疗能缩小原发灶,显著提高舌鳞癌患者的生存率。     

阴茎背静脉麻醉下包皮环切术120例体会

传统包皮环切术的麻醉方法除小儿应用全麻外,均采用阴茎根部阻滞麻醉,病人较痛苦、用药量大、操作较复杂,易致阴茎血肿和包皮水肿。据文献报道[1],作者从1997年开始对部份包皮过长病员采用经阴茎背侧静脉麻醉行包皮环切术120例,效果满意,报告如下。     

70例男性包皮环切术后对男性性功能影响的调查研究

目的了解包皮环切术对男性性功能的影响。方法选择年龄22～45岁,性功能正常的70例男性作为调查对象,采用按照男性性功能问卷(O’LEARY 1995)性功能问卷调查并进行评分,将包皮环切术前、术后的性功能评分进行统计学检验。结果70例男性性功能问卷调查分6个方面进行评分,其评分结果统计性检验显示手术前、后无显著性差异。结论包皮环切手术对男性性功能没有影响。     

卵巢交界性肿瘤的诊断和治疗

目的探讨卵巢交界性肿瘤(borderlineovariantumor,BOT)的临床特点和治疗方法。方法回顾性分析10年间收治的22例BOT患者,病理类型为浆液性12例(54.55%),黏液性9例(40.91%),子宫内膜样肿瘤1例(4.54%);手术病理分期Ⅰ期16例(72.73%),Ⅱ期2例(9.09%),Ⅲ期4例(18.18%);治疗以手术为主,辅以化疗。结果随访10年死亡3例,5年存活率95.45%,10年存活率86.36%。结论浆液性肿瘤所占比例高于其它病理类型;手术是治疗BOT的主要方法,应力求将肿瘤完全切尽,术后辅助化疗可提高生存率。     

腺性膀胱炎自然病程转归的临床研究

跟踪随访均未行手术或药物干预的腺性膀耽炎病人62例,分为有伴发因素组(A组)24例,如留置导管或伴发结石等,随诊前给予去除,无伴发因素组(B组)38例.观察2组在长期随访期间疾病转归情况.随访18个月至8年,平均36个月.A组病例去除伴发因素后疾病均可痊愈.B组病例中病变完全消退者31.6%,病变好转者26.3%,病变无变化者31.6%,病变加重手术干预者10.5%.腺性膀胱炎多可自行痊愈或症状消失,与癌变的关系目前尚无证据.     

肝硬化患者不同阶段对心功能影响的临床研究

目的观察Child-Pugh分级后各肝功能不同阶段肝硬化患者心功能的变化规律。方法选取肝硬化患者96例(实验组)根据肝功能child-Pugh分级方法分为:Ⅰ组26例,Ⅱ组32例,Ⅲ组38例,健康体检者31例(对照组)。彩色多普勒超声心脏检查其左心舒张末期内径(LVD),二尖瓣血流频谱E波峰值速度和A波峰值速度(E/A值),左心收缩末期内径(LVS),左房前后径(LAD),左室射血分数(LVEF)数据。结果 (1)肝硬化患者与正常组比较LVD、LVEF、LVS显著增加,LAD增大(P<0.01);(E/A)值下降(P<0.01)。(2)肝硬化患者各组与正常组比较LVEF:正常组<Ⅰ组(P<0.05);正常组<Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组(P<0.01);LVD、LVS、LAD正常组<Ⅱ组(P<0.05)Ⅲ组(P<0.01),正常组与Ⅰ组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);E/A值正常组>Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组(P<0.01)。(3)肝硬化患者各组各项指标比较:Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组比较LVEF(P<0.01),LAD、LVD、LVS、E/A值均为(P>0.05)无显著性差异;Ⅰ组与Ⅲ组比较LVEF(P>0.05)无显著性差异,...     

TURBt治疗高龄浸润性膀胱癌的临床观察

目的探讨经尿道膀胱肿瘤切除术(TURBt)治疗不能耐受膀胱全切的高龄浸润性膀胱癌患者的临床疗效。方法对2000年3月至2009年10月期间28例不能耐受膀胱全切的高龄浸润性膀胱癌患者采用经尿道膀胱肿瘤切除术(TURBt)治疗,回顾性分析其临床资料。结果28例手术均顺利完成。其中5例复发者再次行TURBt,2例2次复发,行第3次TURBt。4例合并前列腺增生(BPH)致排尿困难者同时行经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)。未发生经尿道电切综合征(TURS),未发生大出血或膀胱穿孔,无围手术期死亡。术后随访2～8年,2年内死亡3例,5年内死亡10例,12例生存至今,3例失访。结论对于必须行根治性膀胱全切术但不能耐受该手术的高龄浸润性膀胱癌患者,TURBt最大限度地避免了根治性膀胱全切术带来的高风险性,使患者在生存期可保留膀胱功能,生活质量获得最大限度的提高。肿瘤复发后,可反复多次行TURBt。合并前列腺增生可同时行经尿道前列腺电切术。     

静脉联合动脉双途径溶栓治疗超早期脑梗死的临床研究

目的探讨动静脉联合溶栓治疗超早期脑梗死的临床疗效及安全性。方法将81例发病在6h内的超早期脑梗死患者随机分为两组:静脉联合动脉溶栓组(组Ⅰ)共46例;超选择性动脉溶栓组(组Ⅱ)35例。联合组先静脉滴注尿激酶1万U/kg,再选择病变动脉给尿激酶0.5万U/kg;动脉组单纯病变动脉灌注尿激酶1万U/kg。术前及术后24h、3d、30d采用欧洲卒中量表(ESS)评价神经缺损功能和Barthel指数(BI)评价日常生活能力,观察疗效和不良反应。结果溶栓24h、3d后ESS评分组Ⅰ为83±24,88±26;组Ⅱ为77±29,81±24;溶栓后3d、30dBI指数评分组Ⅰ为71.5±25.9,82.5±27;组Ⅱ为61.5±22.3,72.0±31.6,治疗后有效率:组Ⅰ为86.7%,组Ⅱ为77.1%,两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。两组分别有3例和2例患者溶栓后CT显示颅内出血征象,无明显差异。结论起病6h内,动静脉联合溶栓提高急性脑梗死的溶栓疗效,安全性与动脉溶栓相似。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Novel polyurethane coating technology through glycidyl carbamate chemistry

Glycidyl carbamate chemistry combines the excellent properties of polyurethanes with the crosslinking chemistry of epoxy resins. Glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers were synthesized by the reaction of polyfunctional isocyanate oligomers and glycidol. The oligomers were formulated into coatings with several amine functional crosslinkers at varying stoichiometric ratios and cured at different temperatures. Properties such as solvent resistance, hardness, and impact resistance were dependent on the composition and cure conditions. Most coatings had an excellent combination of properties. Studies were carried out to determine the kinetics of the curing reaction of the glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers with multifunctional and model amines. Detailed kinetic analysis of the curing reactions was also undertaken. The results indicated that the glycidyl carbamate functional group is more reactive than a glycidyl ether group. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, on October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.