基于机器视觉的大黄鱼形态参数快速检测方法

大黄鱼形态参数测量对大黄鱼养殖遗传选育和品质改良等具有重要意义。文章结合机器视觉和称重传感器技术,设计开发了一种大黄鱼体重、体长和体宽等外部形态多参数同步自动检测系统。该系统通过机器视觉自动检测鱼体外部形态参数,通过称重传感器自动获取鱼重量参数。实验结果表明,系统的尺寸测量平均误差为0.28%,鱼重测量平均误差为0.74%,可以满足大黄鱼形态参数测量精度要求,为鱼类形态参数自动检测提供了一种有效的新途径。     

基于ARM的压力开关综合检测系统

为了实现压力开关的作动压力、作动压差、接触电阻、同步性能等多项指标的快速检测,研制了一种新型的基于ARM的压力开关多参量自动检测系统.该系统能在一个压力升降流程内完成所有参数的检测、实时存储并显示数据,实现了多工位的同时在线检测.由于系统设计引入了条码技术,用来跟踪产品的各生产状态.因此,系统符合该行业零差错要求.实验结果表明,检测系统检测精度高、速度快.     

某型导弹同轴度参数检测系统的设计

为了提高导弹装配质量及测试效率,利用工业控制计算机与传感器技术设计了一种导弹同轴度参数自动检测系统,系统由智能数字位移传感器、RS232串口卡、工控机组成,检测系统对导弹弹体上多点同时一次完成全弹同轴度检测。检测系统实现了导弹装配同轴度的自动检测,实验数据表明系统性能指标达到设计要求,测试效率及测量精度也得到了提高,系统已应用于某型号导弹生产线。     

全自动轴类直线度测量及调整装置设计

轴类工件的直线度调整方法需要调直和检测功能相互配合完成,一般需要两套设备或装置。通过设计一种基于DSP主控芯片技术的智能化测量调直装置,实现一台设备同步完成调直和检测。该设备设有检测工位和调直工位,工位可自动切换,设备可根据对轴类件直线度指标的检测结果,自行判断合格情况并对不满足设计要求的工件进行调直处理,直至其直线度合格。以DSP芯片为核心的嵌入式开发包,实现对激光传感器、压力传感器及电气执行单元的集成控制。软件采用CCS3.3开发环境,通过开发调直下压量自反馈机制和圆周跳动测量数据拟合程序,解决设备实现自动闭环控制的关键技术难题。调直检测实验结果表明,该设备可实现对轴类工件的全闭环智能自动检测及调直,直线度指标圆周跳动量小于0.05mm,可大幅减提高轴类工件的直线度水平。     

协作机器人系统集成及安全方案研究

随着协作机器人越来越多地应用于汽车行业,其系统需要具备满足安全标准和现场使用要求的安全方案.本文对协作机器人的技术规范进行解读,将其梳理为应用系统设计和安全方案评估两个相互关联的过程;以此作为理论指导,基于UR5协作机器人,将发动机装配线上原有的手动检测工位改造为人机协作的自动检测工位;进行风险评估,在规划设计阶段,从工位布局、控制系统设计、安全防护和使用信息等方面,采取降低风险的措施;最后在生产使用过程中验证该安全方案的有效性.     

基于机器视觉的矿用数显电测量仪表检测系统

针对人工核定煤矿数显电测量仪表时存在的检测效率低、劳动强度大、受人主观因素影响等弊端,设计了基于机器视觉的煤矿数显仪表自动检测系统。该系统通过控制数显电测量仪表上电全显示与相机录像获取开机过程,使用亮点统计方式识别全显帧,采用模板匹配完成仪表显示质量的自动判定,并通过穿线法字符识别自动判定其测量精度。工业样机实验结果验证了该系统的有效性。     

基于虚拟仪器的瓷砖平整度自动检测系统

为实现瓷砖表面平整度误差的自动检测和产品质量的自动分级，探讨了瓷砖表面平整度检测的原理和方法。将虚拟仪器技术应用于瓷砖表面平整度的自动检测研究，以非接触式光纤位移传感器、数据采集卡、PC机作为硬件配置，以LabVIEW作为软件开发平台，设计了瓷砖表面平整度自动检测系统：实际应用表明，该系统可以自动检测瓷砖表面平整度，并对产品进行分级，适合于实际生产过程的质量控制.     

悬臂梁类元件刚度检测系统

针对电液伺服阀反馈杆、弹簧管等悬臂梁类元件刚度的准确检测,提出了一种自动检测系统.与现有检测系统相比,采用电动分度盘加气动装夹装置实现了被试件的一次装夹、多位置检测,消除了多次装夹带来的不确定性误差;力加载装置和弹性元件变形测量装置集成为一体式,实现了自动高分辨加载及力、变形的精确测量,消除了加载装置或力传感器变形引起的测量误差;采用计算机数据采集和处理系统,对实验数据进行最小二乘和刚度测量建模,可实现被试件刚度的精确估计和多种表达;采用CCD辅助加载对准及观察,保证了检测的可靠性.实验结果表明:所研制的检测系统,操作简便,测量精度高,重复性误差小于±1％,有效提高了悬臂梁类原件刚度检测的简便性与精确性.     

基于锥光偏振全息测量法的自由曲面零件的光学非接触式自动检测

为了解决测量复杂自由曲面零件的速度和精度问题,提出一种基于锥光偏振全息测量方法的自动检测系统.该系统在5自由度自动定位系统的支持下,根据零件的三维CAD模型实现了对自由曲面零件的自动检测.文章介绍了锥光偏振全息测量法的原理,对系统进行了详细描述,讨论了系统基于CAD模型的检测规划及其优化算法,并介绍了相关的自由曲面叶片零件测量的实验结果.     

拉铆钉多参数高精度在线检测系统的设计

针对托铆钉在线检测设备在国内还是空白的现状,利用机器视觉技术、嵌入式技术以及光源技术设计了一种用于拉铆钉多参数高精度在线检测的系统;系统以嵌入式微处理器S3C2440为核心,用非接触测量方式,利用CMOS图像传感器OV3640对拉铆钉的特征信息进行采集提取,完成了拉铆钉生产的实时在线高速高精度的检测,检测精度达到0.01 mm,检测速度为每分钟1800件以上,解决了拉铆钉在线自动检测这一行业难题.     

PCB 锡膏图像采集参数的研究

利用图像处理技术对锡膏进行检测是锡膏检测中的一种新方法,图像质量是确保图像检测精度的关键之一。图像采集对于保障图像质量来说有着至关重要的作用,是最终获取图像有用信息所进行的一系列处理步骤中关键的第一步。重点研究了影响锡膏图像采集的焦距、曝光、增益三个主要参数,并通过实验确定了焦距、曝光和增益等三个主要参数的合理取值范围以及快门速度与增益之间的函数关系。为锡膏图像采集参数的调整提供了依据,也为后续研究锡膏图像采集的参数自动调整奠定了基础。     

基于精密伺服的光电编码器的校准系统设计

介绍了一种采用对比检测法的光电编码器误差检测系统,下位机以PLC的CPU模块为控制核心,伺服电机带动内置编码器转动一定的基准脉冲数,高速计数模块读取被检编码器的实际输出脉冲数,经计算获取被检编码器的分辨率误差.同时将被测信息传送到上位PC机测试记录系统,自动保存、生成测试报告.该系统结构简单,安装要求低,检测精度高.     

应用机器人轨迹跟踪技术的电力线路无人机智能化巡检系统设计

野外电力线路易发生损坏,且时变特性干扰较大,检测准确度较低,因此,设计应用机器人轨迹跟踪技术的电力线路无人机智能化巡检系统。该系统通过数据采集模块和飞行状态检测模块,分别进行电力线路图像数据获取与飞行状态监测,飞行控制模块接收图像与状态数据,并在轨迹跟踪控制子模块中使用自适应鲁棒滑模控制算法,实现无人机的轨迹跟踪,同时,该模块经无线数据传输模块将数据传输至地面站,在巡检数据智能分析管理模块中,地面站根据数据信息,完成电力线路故障识别,进而实现电力线路无人机智能化巡检。实验结果表明,该系统具有良好的轨迹跟踪效果,且巡检准确率较高,满足多种天气作业需求。     

A sensor planning system for automated headlamp lens inspection

Usually, the automated systems for quality control based on computer vision have been centered on the design of algorithms for detecting different types of defects. Nevertheless, the issues related to planning suitable sensor poses for the inspection task have received less attention. In addition, the applications where a vision sensor can only sample a portion of a part from a single viewpoint, the sensor planning problem becomes critically important. This is the case of the automated inspection of vehicle headlamp lens, that due to its geometry and dimensions, requires multiple sensor poses to observe the whole part. Moreover, the customer requirements that define the maximum defect size should also be taken into account in the inspection process.This paper presents a vision sensor planning system applied to the quality control of headlamp lenses. The system uses the lens CAD, a vision sensor model and the customer requirements, included through a fuzzy approach, to achieve an optimal set of viewpoints. To compute the number and distribution of the viewpoints, a genetic algorithm is used. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the sensor planning system on commercial lenses.     

激光淬火加工质量视觉检测系统研究

针对金属表面激光离散淬火质量检测的需求,基于OpenCV设计了一种淬火斑尺寸测量和表面纹理检测的视觉检测系统。深入研究了相关图像处理算法,对Canny边缘检测算法进行了改进,实现了图像轮廓的选择性提取,得到了激光淬火斑连通域的几何尺寸,采用灰度共生矩阵计算淬火斑纹理信息。并根据三种不同能量输入背景下进行激光离散淬火产生的淬火斑,提出了一种双阈值判定方法来实现其质量检测,平均检测用时为10.1ms,检测准确率在92.5%以上。     

Optimal path planning for automated dimensional inspection of free-form surfaces

Structural dimensional inspection is vital for the process monitoring, quality control, and fault diagnosis in the mass production of auto bodies. Comparing with the non-contact measurement, the high-precision five-axis measuring machine with the touch-trigger probe is a preferred choice for data collection. It can assist manufacturers in making accurate inspection quickly. As the increase of free-form surfaces and diverse surface orientations in product design, existing inspection approaches cannot capture some new critical features in the curvature of products in an efficient way. Therefore, we need to develop new path planning methods for automated dimensional inspection of free-form surfaces. This paper proposes an optimal path planning system for automated programming of measuring point inspection by incorporating probe rotations and effective collision detection. Specifically, the methodological contributions include: (i) a dynamic searching volume-based algorithm is developed to detect potential collisions in the local path between measurement points; (ii) a local path generation method is proposed with the integration of the probe trajectory and the stylus rotation. Then, the inspection time matrix is proposed to quantify the measuring time of diverse local paths; (iii) an optimization approach of the global inspection path for all critical points on the product is developed to minimize the total inspection time. A case study has been conducted on an auto body to verify the performance of the proposed method. Results show that the collision-free path for the free-form auto body could be generated automatically with off-line programming, and the proposed method produces about 40% fewer dummy points and needs 32% less movement time in the auto body inspection process.     

Characterization of closed-loop measurement accuracy in precision CNC milling

This study investigates the closed-loop measurement error in computer numerical controlled (CNC) milling as they relate to the different inspection techniques. The on-line inspection of machining accuracy using a spindle probe has an inherent shortcoming because the same machine-produced parts are used for inspection. In order to use the spindle probe measurement as a means of correcting deviations in machining, the magnitude of measurement errors needs to be quantified. The empirical verification was made by conducting three sets of cutting experiments, followed by a design of experiment with three levels and three factors on a state-of-the-art CNC machining center. Three different material types and parameter settings were selected to simulate a diverse cutting condition. During the cutting, the cutting force and spindle vibration sensor signals were collected and a tool wear was recorded using a computer vision system. The bore tolerance was gauged by a spindle probe as well as a coordinate-measuring machine. The difference between the two measurements was defined as a closed-loop measurement error and the subsequent analysis was performed to determine the significant factors affecting the errors. The analysis results showed the potential of improving production efficiency and improved part quality.     

基于网络与状态监测的智能数控技术

基于数控加工过程的多物理状态在线监测信息及加工精度在机检测信息,提出了面向运行安全与加工优化的数控系统集成监控方案。提出元胞自调整策略以解决状态改变时系统功能结构的自整定问题。提出了基于网络的数控加工层次化监控机制,构建了CNC系统网络监测单元的功能模型。     

Object oriented concepts and mechanisms for feature-based computer integrated inspection

Computer vision can provide fast, accurate and reliable inspection. In this paper is described a knowledge-based vision inspection planning system for manufactured components based on their CAD design models. An object oriented methodology is developed to capture the knowledge such as the geometric entities, their relationships, sensors and plans. Reasoning mechanisms are developed to automatically determine various attributes of the different features of an object to be inspected, and to generate the alternative strategies for inspection of each attribute. Mechanisms for automated generation of sensor settings and optimization of the inspection plan are also developed. Sensor constraints are considered in determining the camera parameters. This inspection methodology is flexible, and it is easily integrated with the design and process planning aspects of an integrated manufacturing system.     

Interactive Mesh Smoothing for Medical Applications

Surface models derived from medical image data often exhibit artefacts, such as noise and staircases, which can be reduced by applying mesh smoothing filters. Usually, an iterative adaption of smoothing parameters to the specific data and continuous re‐evaluation of accuracy and curvature is required. Depending on the number of vertices and the filter algorithm, computation time may vary strongly and interfere with an interactive mesh generation procedure. In this paper, we present an approach to improve the handling of mesh smoothing filters. Based on a GPU mesh smoothing implementation of uniform and anisotropic filters, model quality is evaluated in real‐time and provided to the user to support the mental optimization of input parameters. This is achieved by means of quality graphs and quality bars. Moreover, this framework is used to find appropriate smoothing parameters automatically and to provide data‐specific parameter suggestions. These suggestions are employed to generate a preview gallery with different smoothing suggestions. The preview functionality is additionally used for the inspection of specific artefacts and their possible reduction with different parameter sets.