由DS18B20构成的多点温度测量系统

介绍一种基于数字温度传感器芯片DS18B20的高精度、多点温度测量系统设计方案;阐述单总线数字温度传感器DS18B20的基本工作原理和使用方法;主要分析由多个DS18B20组成的温度传感器网络的自动搜索算法,并给出系统设计实例.     

带语音功能的高精度可遥控测温仪设计

采用高精度数字温度传感器LM74和数字语音芯片ISD25120厦无线电收发模块设计了一种带语音功能的可遥控测温仪。文中介绍了测量记录仪的设计与应用，包括高精度数字温度传感器LM74的特点及其与单片机的接口技术，介绍了软件设计流程，并给出了部分参考程序。     

温度传感器及其与微处理器接口

温度传感器根据其接口方式大体可分为模拟温度传感器和数字温度传感器,通过具体芯片的应用,介绍了这两种温度传感器的特点,以及各自与微处理器的具体接口。重点讨论了具有数字接口的半导体温度传感器,并对温度传感器未来的发展进行了展望。     

高精度实验室温度检测系统的硬件设计

针对计量实验室的控温要求,提出了一种高智能的温度测量系统。运用数字温度传感器DS18B20作为温度传感器。以AT89S51单片机为核心来构成温度检测系统,给出了该温度测量系统的硬件设计方案,并介绍了若干关键环节芯片的选择。     

温度传感器及其与微处理器接口

温度传感器根据其接口方式大体可分为模拟温度传感器和数字温度传感器,通过具体芯片的应用,本文介绍了这两种温度传感器的特点及各自与微处理器的具体接口,其中重点讨论了具有数字接口的半导体温度传感器,最后又对温度传感器未来的发展进行了展望。     

带语音功能的高精度可遥控测温仪设计

采用高精度数字温度传感器LM74和数字语音芯片ISD25120及无线电收发模块设计了一种带语音功能的可遥控测温仪。文中介绍了测量记录仪的设计与应用,包括高精度数字温度传感器LM74的特点及其与单片机的接口技术,介绍了软件设计流程,并给出了部分参考程序。     

基于CH372的单片机温度采集系统设计

介绍一种单片机温度采集系统,利用USB总线通用接口芯片CH372实现单片机与PC机之间的数据通信,数字温度传感器DS18820完成温度采集。给出了系统的连接框图和硬件电路图,同时也介绍了软件设计的内容和程序流程图。     

数字温度传感器DS18S20及无线测温系统设计

介绍了高精度数字温度传感器DS18S20的结构和用法、射频片上系统nRF9E5芯片的结构、液晶显示器12864-12及其串行接口,分析了无线测温系统的系统组成、端机的结构和基站的工作原理,给出了系统的部分程序。     

分布式光纤温度传感器的设计

分布光纤温度传感器是一种比较新型的传感器系统,它可以实时测量空间温度场的分布。在对功率调制型光频域喇曼反射光纤温度传感器的研制过程中,利用直接数字合成芯片AD9859作信号源,通过测量激光功率波形和反斯托克斯喇曼反射信号波形的振幅和相位,经过优化设计,在6KM的系统中空间分辨率达到了1米。     

ITO薄膜微流体芯片的温控系统设计

设计了一种用于氧化铟锡(ITO)薄膜基材微流体芯片的恒温控制系统。系统采用数字温度传感器采集ITO薄膜温度,USB 2.0接口通信。用户通过PC机可实时监测微流体芯片温度变化情况,设定目标温度,以及存储温度数据。系统采用改进增量式PID控制算法实现温度控制,控制精度可达±0.2℃。     

Integration | Innovation | Inclusion: Values,Variables and the Design of Human Environments

Complexity, complication, contradiction, consumption, confusion, delusion, depression. Opportunity, inspiration, ingenuity, compassion, wisdom. Our world is perplexing, our times are fast moving, and our choices are many. To find an appropriate path is a daunting yet vital challenge that confronts us as individuals, as communities, and as a civilization. How sustainable is our world? How reasonable are our behaviors? The present article is a collection of thoughts on a series of intertwined issues related to the contemporary world, its environmental dimensions, and their present-day problems. The goal is to survey the landscape through a lens of Environmental Design, to provide some perspectives, to raise some questions, and to explore systems, beliefs, and values informing and influencing actions. It is important to consider how people's belief systems influence, inform, and shape actions. This holds true in realms political, spiritual, and cultural. It also proves relevant in the ways in which we imagine, design, develop, and construct our buildings, cities, spaces, and places.

Appropriate solutions to some of our most daunting problems will arise through the concerted efforts, open dialogue, and collective wisdom of the wide array of stakeholders, professionals, politicians, decision makers, and citizens (both engaged and disenfranchised) who have the will and wherewithal to make a difference and to make the world safer, healthier, and better. It seems vital for us to critically examine, and question, our belief systems and their connections to the ways we define, refine, and realize progress. Architecture and Environmental Design, in both a philosophical and a practical sense, reflect as well as form greater aspirations, directions, and events of our times.     

Human factors in support of a successful railway: a review

One of the critical infrastructure components in most economies across the world is the rail network. In different nations rail is responsible for ensuring that there is not complete gridlock on the roads in commuter hours, and for moving both people and freight for long distances in an as efficient manner as possible. This critical role, a number of high profile accidents and proposals for new network control philosophies and systems have led to a great upsurge in human factors rail research and applications in the past few years. This paper provides a retrospective on rail human factors research covering driving, signalling and control, maintenance, incident reporting systems, passengers and the public, planning and technical systems change. This research foundation, and also current major rail human factors programmes, are placed in the context of technology, investment, competition, cultural and safety requirements and constraints. The paper concludes with an examination of where rail human factors should and will be going into the future. Rail human factors research has grown rapidly in both quantity and quality of output over the past few years. There was an early base of work at a few institutions carried out over the 1960 s and 1970 s, followed by a lull in the 1980 s and early 1990 s. The continual influences of safety concerns, new technical system opportunities, reorganisation of the business, needs to increase effective, reliable and safe use of capacity, and increased society, media and government interest have now accelerated rail human factors research programmes in several countries. In this paper we review the literature on rail human factors research, covering driving, signalling and control, maintenance, reporting systems, passenger interests, planning and technical systems change. Current major rail human factors programmes are summarised and future research needs proposed. It is asserted that general human factors models and methods are being re-assessed, and new ones developed, to meet the requirements of the railways. This paper has, with the agreement of all editors concerned, been published in substantially similar form as: Wilson J. R. and Norris B. J., 2005, Rail human factors: past, present and future. Applied Ergonomics, 36, 6, 649–660.     

三支决策的时空性

从三支决策发展历史和已有研究出发,在总结和分析三支决策近年来理论、方法、算法及应用的基础上,基于时间和空间两个维度,分别提出了时间三支决策模型和空间三支决策模型。时间三支决策注重在动态决策环境下对序贯决策进行诠释;空间三支决策主要基于“多层次”和“多视角”的粒计算思想对最优粒层和粒度进行选择。此外,对三支决策的时空性作了深入探讨和分析,厘清了三支决策发展过程和研究脉络。最后,对三支决策的研究现状进行总结,并给出未来发展方向。     

Policy Matters Now and in the Future: Net Neutrality, Corporate Data Mining, and Government Surveillance

In this article, I will detail three key policy issues that have a profound effect on the future of the World Wide Web and Internet-based communications: net neutrality, corporate data mining, and government surveillance. Focusing on policy issues in the U.S., I will describe not only current practices and cases, but future possibilities for writers and teachers of writing. I will draw from work in composition, interdisciplinary studies on privacy, information sharing, and surveillance on the Internet, analyses of applicable policies and laws, and the advocacy efforts by organizations. Issues I will examine include the importance of and threats to net neutrality; how data mining and (so-called) privacy agreements currently work, specifically at social networking sites often used in writing classrooms; and how government and institutional surveillance is far more prevalent than many realize. I will close with recommendations for what writing instructors (and students) can do to try to craft a different future, one where writers and the visual, verbal, aural writing they read and produce online will not be collected, scrutinized, and controlled (or, realistically, at least not as much).     

多约束下多无人机的任务规划研究综述

高度信息化的发展使得无人机作战优势凸显。准确的无人机任务规划技术是完成给定任务的重要保障。任务分配、路径规划是构成无人机任务规划技术的两个核心部分。基于该技术,首先讨论了无人机任务规划的发展状况、分类标准、体系结构。其次,分别详细介绍了影响任务分配、路径规划的重要指标,如分类标准、约束指标、相应模型、代表算法、评价指标等,然后,分别分析对比求解任务分配的启发式算法、数学规划方法、随机智能优化算法的优缺点和求解路径规划的数学规划方法、人工势场法、基于图形学法、智能优化算法的优缺点;最后,总结了无人机任务规划存在的开放性问题、未来发展方向和研究重点。     

The CONTRAM Dynamic Traffic Assignment Model

CONTRAM is a computer model of time-varying traffic in road networks, which takes as input the network definition and time-varying demand for travel between a set of origin and destination zones, and outputs the resulting network flows, routes and travel times. It combines a macroscopic time-sliced traffic model with disaggregate dynamic assignment of traffic, so is intermediate between macroscopic equilibrium and microscopic models. The paper details the methods used, including time-dependent queuing which plays a central role, and the treatment of network definition, user classes, road capacities, signals and coordination, vehicle emissions, Intelligent Transport Systems and research lines.     

新闻推荐算法可信评价研究

随着AI、5G、AR/VR等新技术的快速发展,内容类应用如电子商务、社交网络、短视频等层出不穷,导致信息过载问题日益严重。人工智能技术的发展推动了智能算法的爆炸式运用,作为智能算法的一种,推荐算法在大数据、应用场景和计算力的推动下,通过信息过滤技术,为用户提供适应兴趣及行为的个性化及高质量的推荐服务,逐步提高了用户的使用体验、内容分发效率,在一定程度上缓解了信息过载的问题。但推荐算法的潜在偏见、黑盒化特性及内容分发方式也逐渐带来了决策结果不公平性、不可解释性,信息茧房、侵犯用户隐私等安全挑战。如何提高推荐算法的可解释性、公平性、可信程度等越来越受到国内外政府监管部门、产业及学术界的重点关注,推荐系统和推荐算法也由此从发展期进入管制期。为此,本文针对新闻推荐领域,分析推荐算法的稿件画像、用户画像、推荐推送、反馈干预和人工复审等关键要素,围绕推荐算法生态的参与者,如内容生产者、受众、算法模型、新闻平台,从公平性、可解释性和抗抵赖性三个方面提出了一种新闻推荐算法可信评价体系,并进行定量或定性分析。公平性、可解释性和抗抵赖性是正相关关系,当公平性和抗抵赖性越强、可解释程度越高,新闻推荐算法的可信度越高。希望弥补新闻推荐算法领域的可信研究的空白,建立可信推荐算法生态,加速安全推荐系统的建立和推广,同时为智能算法可信研究提供参考,为智能算法的监管和治理提供思路。     

Laser and Photonic Systems Integration: Emerging Innovations and Framework for Research and Education

The purpose of this article is to review the key emerging innovations in laser and photonics systems as well as their design and integration, focusing on challenges and opportunities for solutions of societal challenges. Developments, their significance, and frontier challenges are explained in advanced manufacturing, biomedicine and healthcare, and communication. Systems, networks, and integration issues and challenges are then discussed, and an integration framework for networking laser‐ and photonic‐based services and products is proposed. The article concludes with implications and an agenda for education, research and development, and policy needs, with a focus on human, society, science, and technology integration. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Resin下CMP的开发

针对Resin下的应用,详细地阐述了Resin-CMP的开发、部署,以及调用的全部过程,并系统地阐述了多种关系的映射、管理,以及如何快速生成Resin-CMP。应用EJB、JNDI、CMR、ANT、EJB-QL、XDoelet等J2EE关键技术,充分体现了J2EE在开发分布式应用系统中的优势。