液体传感水平振动监测装置研究

采用液体波动与导电溶液电极传感相结合的工作原理提出了一种全方位液体波动触发开关,并将其设计成一种水平振动测量装置.该装置由传感单元、电路单元和水平调节底座等3部分组成.容器采用同轴双筒结构,以硫酸铜为导电液体,通过单片机控制的声光电路实现了振动测量的分级提示功能.测试结果表明,提示响应时间能够满足测量要求.     

离子选择性电极在印制板生产中的应用

1 前言离子选择性电极是60年代中期发展起来的测量溶液中离子浓度的新技术,随着生产的需要和发展新型的离子选择性电极种类不断增多,目前已达到数十种。本文所介绍的主要是应用离子选择性电极在印制板生产中常用溶液的典型分析方法和测量技术,以及离子选择性电极测量技术的基本原理。 2 电极电位与离子选择性电极 2.1 电极电位将某种金属电极浸入到含有金属离子的溶液中,则在电极上会产生一定的电位,这种电位称为     

一个灵巧的氧或葡萄糖浓度伏安法测量的传感器

开发了一个氧或葡萄糖浓度伏安测量的灵巧的新型传感器.芯片上集成了一个平面的伏安电极结构,CMOS接口电路和一个温度传感器.这种灵巧的传感器总面积为750μm×5000μm.实现了两种不同的电极结构.用Au作为工作电极的两电极系统用作血液中PO_2测量.用Pt作为工作电极和副电极的三电极系统测量血液中葡萄糖浓度,电极上涂了一层葡萄糖氧化酶膜.     

基于PLC可选择的液体加热装置设计与研究

文章研究了一种以PLC为控制核心的可选择的液体混合加热装置,该装置可以加入多种液体,根据加入液体的多少,搅拌时间将会不同,加入液体的种类多,搅拌的时间长,加入液体的种类少,搅拌的时间短,可以让溶液充分混合,提高搅拌质量。该设计更加人性化,合理化。该装置应用三菱PLC编程软件GX Developer进行软件调试,仿真在THPLC可编程控制器实验装置上进行,输出利用指示灯进行模拟仿真,验证设计正确性、合理性。     

基于干涉原理和图像处理方法的浓度变化分布测量

利用数字全息干涉技术测量了电极过程中电极/溶液界面处溶液的浓度变化分布。以铁电极在0.5mol/dm3硫酸溶液中恒电位电流振荡的活化过程为例,测量了反应初始时刻1.6s内铁电极界面处的溶液浓度变化情况。由于在全息干涉测量中引入载波条纹,所以能够方便地应用傅里叶分析方法分析计算干涉条纹的动态变化。通过对全息干涉图像序列的分析计算得到了电极反应过程中溶液浓度变化所引起的物光相位变化,并把相位差分布用来描述浓度变化分布。计算结果显示,在反应进行到1.6s时,溶液浓度变化引起的物光峰值相位差为41.2rad,相应的溶液折射率改变量为0.0021。重建图像比较直观地再现了反应过程中溶液的浓度变化、扩散层厚度等信息,从而为动态半定量分析和检测浓度变化提供了一种新的方法。     

坩埚旋转的水平移动加热器法生长Hg_（1－x）Cd_xTe

首次研究了一种水平移动加热器法（ＴＨＭ）从未充满的溶区中生长圆柱形晶体。转动安瓿使晶体的整个截面不断地与溶液接触，强迫对流使溶液得到有效的搅拌。这种方法已被用于从富碲溶区中生长Ｈｇ＿（１－ｘ）Ｃｄ＿ｘＴｅ单晶。其结构完整性和冶金学均匀性都与垂直生长的ＴＨＭ材料相当。     

人体成分测量装置的设计

本文提出了一种能够测量人体总水、体脂、细胞内液、细胞外液含量的人体成分测量装置.采用生物电阻抗法,将人体分成理想的环段,使用8电极.电流电极将10kHz、50kHz、100kHz的安全电流引入人体,电压电极测量各个环段的电压进而得出其电阻抗,运用单片机运算出人体多种成分的含量.该装置以单片机为核心器件,具有操作简便、无损伤、快捷、安全和价廉的特点.     

YSB-Ag复合电极在氧传感器中的应用研究

通过在氧化物电极材料中引入适量导电性能优良的金属Ag,降低了氧化物电极的电阻,改善其氧敏响应特性;研究了YSB-Ag复合电极在氧化锆氧传感器中的应用。结果表明:这种复合电极具有较低的电阻值和很好的低温氧敏响应特性,在不使用加热装置条件下,氧传感器的起始工作温度可以降低至450℃左右,池内阻在100Ω以下。     

一种高纯气体微量水微量氧自动检测装置

介绍了一种具有实时在线测量功能的高纯气体微量水微量氧自动检测装置,详细阐述了该装置的结构组成和性能特点,包括装置的硬件系统、软件系统、主要技术指标及研制过程中解决的关键技术和创新点。实践表明,此微量水微量氧自动检测装置成本较低、性能稳定可靠、精度较高,实现了小型化、自动化和智能化。     

抗腐蚀共面微带结构介电常数测量方法

以共面微带结构为基础提出了一种全新的双端口抗腐蚀复介电常数测量方法,该方法包含一种基于共面波导(CPW)结构的测量装置和由人工神经网络算法训练得到的反演算法。与传统测量方法相比,该方法具有测量性能灵敏,装置结构简单,双端口测量等优势,并且其在测量过程中不与待测溶液发生任何直接接触,因此具有良好的抗腐蚀特性,可以广泛应用于腐蚀性溶液介电常数的测量。该方法中的反演算法在进行训练时全部使用实测数据,有效避免了仿真数据与实测结果之间的差异所产生的误差。对20℃下多组不同浓度的甲醇水溶液和乙醇甲醇混合溶液在2.45 GHz频率下的介电常数进行了测量,并与理论值进行了对比,两者具有较好的一致性,证明了该介电常数测量方法的有效性和准确性。     

氧瓶-离子选择电极电位法测定助焊剂中的卤素

为测定助焊剂中的卤素,先将助焊剂样品在氧瓶中燃烧分解,并用含氢氧化钾的碱液吸收,然后以银离子选择性电极为指示电极,双液饱和甘汞电极为参比电极,AgNO3标准溶液为滴定剂,采用电位滴定法测定碱液中单独或并存的氯、溴的含量。结果表明:该法简单、快速、灵敏,可测定出样品中含量低达0.02%(质量分数)的氯、溴,且可连续测定,特别适用于测定助焊剂中氯、溴的含量。卤素的回收率为97.9%～100.9%。     

基于STM32的氧含量测量模块设计

采用氧化锆传感器作为氧含量感应器件,设计了一种基于STM32F030C8T6的氧含量测量模块。分析了传感器基本原理,结合传感器原理设计了传感器工作必须的加热电路和恒流源电路。因为传感器输出信号为毫伏级能斯特电压信号,所以设计了信号调节电路简化氧化锆传感器测量难度。试验证明,模块经过标准气体校准后,测量氧含量精度可以达到1%。通过Modbus接口,可以多模块与主机通讯,在工业控制测量中可方便应用。     

A Pd-PdO Film Potentiometnc pH Sensor

Palladium-palladium oxide film formed by the RF reactive sputtering technique was used for pH measurement. The potentiometric mode of operation was employed and an Ag/AgCl electrode was used as the reference electrode. The Pd-PdO film was formed on both alumina and polycrystalline silicon, and sputtering conditions to produce Pd-PdO film with good pH response characteristics were empirically defined. The Pd-PdO showed good pH response, ~54 mV/[pH] at 25 °C over the pH range of 3-9. The temperature dependency and dissolved oxygen effect on the film when used as a pH sensor were investigated and discussed.     

基于荧光猝灭原理的塑料光纤溶解氧传感器

为了在线测量微生物燃料电池内溶解氧浓度,提高微生物燃料电池的产电效率,利用荧光猝灭原理,采用邻啡咯啉钌作为荧光标记物,并采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了氧敏感膜.将该敏感膜固定在塑料光纤表面,通过测量荧光指示剂发出的荧光强度实现了对溶解氧浓度的测量.实验结果表明,传感器的相对荧光强度与溶解氧浓度具有较好的线性关系,拟合系数达到0.980 7,且传感器具有良好的可逆性.     

Determination of Oxygen Tension by Measurement of Net Charge Transport

Conventional electrodes that are used to measure oxygen tension in the biological environment have been plagued by one or more of three major problems: 1) flow sensitivity, 2) instability, and 3) inadequate response time. Pulsatile operation of the electrode has the potential of eliminating these problems. A new technique of measurement using integration of output current has been developed. This new method of measurement enhances the pulsatile operation in the Po2 electrode. The technique effectively determines the difference in charge transport that occurs during the polarization potential. Using this technique, it has been possible to measure net charge transport, which is proportional to the oxygen tension level of whole blood as early as 1 ms after application of the polarization pulse. Also, the subtraction of the discharging current component appears to stabilize electrode drift. The short polarization time required allows for the elimination of flow sensitivity by reducing the extension of the oxygen diffusion gradient to less than 8 ?m from the electrode face. The short duration of active measurement will tend to decrease poisoning by allowing use of an operating duty cycle of minimal duration.     

Development, Operation, and Application of the Ion-Sensitive Field-Effect Transistor as a Tool for Electrophysiology

A new solid-state device has been developed for the measurement of ion activities in electrochemical and biological environments. One can recognize in the device the properties of both a glass electrode and a field-effect transistor. This justifies the name ion-sensitive field-effect transistor. The device makes it possible to measure ion activities without using a reference electrode. For its application, a special electronic circuit is described. Results of measured Na+ and H+ ion activities are given in detail. As an example for electrophysiological application, results are shown of recorded extracellular ion pulses measured with a guinea pig taenia coli.     

Comparative Investigation of the Effect of Oxygen Adsorbate and Electrode Work Function on Carbon-Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors

The effect of electrode work function (WF) on the device resistance of carbon-nanotube field-effect transistors (CNT-FETs) is less significant than that of device surface chemistry, specifically interactions with molecular oxygen adsorbate. Experimental results are based on over 130 individual devices with electrode WFs varying from 4.17 to 5.21 eV that were tested under standard-atmosphere, ultrahigh-vacuum, and pure-oxygen environments. Oxygen decreased device resistance by an average of 56% and altered majority charge carriers regardless of electrode metal. Variations in CNT-FET performance based on electrode material appeared more closely associated with crystallization and oxidation states than WF.      

Vibration of Polarographic Oxygen Electrodes by Piezoelectric Elements: A Method of Reducing Flow Artifacts

A method of reducing fluid flow measurement artifacts associated with polarographic oxygen sensors is described which consists of mounting a miniature polarographic electrode on the end of a vibrating piezoelectric bender element. The electrode sensing area is vibrated at a high speed which causes a reduction in measurement error due to flow eddies in solution as well as greatly increasing the electrode sensitivity.     

声表面波式小波变换处理器衍射问题的研究

传统声表面波式小波变换处理器存在衍射问题。该文通过改变叉指换能器结构的方法解决衍射问题,即输入换能器存在衍射问题区域的指条采用宽度加权;不存在衍射问题的区域结构不变。推导了实现新结构无衍射问题的声表面波式小波变换处理器的函数关系。在压电基片材料X-112°YLiTaO3上设计和制作了尺度2-1和2-2两种声表面波式小波变换处理器样品。通过数值计算和测量,论证了新结构声表面波式小波变换处理器不存在衍射问题。     

Gate oxide integrity on ITOX-SIMOX substrates and influence of testdevice geometry on characterization

The integrity of gate oxides on low-dose separation by implanted oxygen (SIMOX) substrates fabricated by the internal-thermal-oxidation (ITOX) process, so-called ITOX-SIMOX substrates, was evaluated, and the influence of test device geometry on the characterization was investigated. Characterization of time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) was performed for a gate oxide of 8.6-nm thick using lateral test devices. Experimental results show considerable influence of gate electrode geometry on the gate oxide integrity (GOI) characteristics. This can be explained by a model that includes a lateral parasitic resistance in the superficial Si layer beneath the gate electrode. Based on analysis using this model, a test device with a small gate array was proposed to reduce the influence of lateral parasitic resistance, and the advantage of the device was verified