焊接结构用厚钢板生产研究与应用

由于厚规格焊接结构用钢板受大压缩比以及厚度方向性能的限制,产品合格率低,生产难度大。采用TMCP+正火的工艺成功研制了厚规格焊接结构用Q345EZ35钢板。对正火态钢板的组织和力学性能进行了检测,结果表明试制钢板力学性能满足标准要求。     

影响高层建筑用钢板抗层状撕裂性能的因素及控制工艺研究

为满足高层建筑用钢板厚度方向的性能要求,研究了化学成分、真空处理、压缩比、压下和缓冷工艺对钢板探伤结果和抗层状撕裂性能的影响。结果表明:随着钢板硫含量的提高,其抗层状撕裂性能降低;真空处理有利于提高钢板超声波探伤的合格率,但未真空处理的钢板采用合适的缓冷工艺可确保其探伤结果和抗层状撕裂性能达到要求;随着压缩比的增大及粗轧大压下量和单道次压下率的提高,钢板抗层状撕裂性能提高。开发了控制硫含量、粗轧大压下和钢板缓冷的工艺,采用最小压缩比为3.1的未真空处理钢坯生产的80 mm厚钢板,探伤结果符合国标Ⅱ级要求,抗层状撕裂性能满足Z35级别要求。     

正火轧制及后续正火工艺对S460NL高强度低温结构钢组织性能的影响

以EN10025-3标准为基本依据,采用中碳、低磷、低硫、低氮、低氢设计了正火高强度低温S460NL结构钢板的成分,通过高均质冶炼连铸工艺,生产了不同规格的正火轧制和正火轧制+正火钢板。结果表明,对于规格60 mm以下S460NL钢板,正火轧制工艺可以满足EN10025-3和EN10164 Z35标准性能要求,对于规格60 mm及以上S460NL钢板,需要增加正火工艺才能满足EN10025-3和EN10164 Z35标准的性能要求;正火轧制+正火态S460NL钢板经PWHT模拟焊热处理后的拉伸性能、－50 ℃冲击性能优异,符合标准要求。     

120mm大厚度Q390GJC Z35高层建筑用钢的研制

针对大厚度高层建筑用钢生产难度大、产量少等问题,通过优化成分、轧制及热处理工艺,试制了120mm大厚度Q390GJC Z35高强度钢板。结果表明,产品组织均匀、韧窝细小,力学性能及抗层状撕裂性能均满足国家标准要求。     

低成本正火态交货特厚EH36船板的研发

在当前降成本及绿色化生产的趋势下,开发了一种低成本正火态交货特厚EH36船用钢板。其采用C-Mn-Si-Nb-Ti成分体系,不添加V元素,为获得高强度及良好的低温韧性,研究了加热、轧制工艺对成品钢板组织性能的影响。结果表明:不添加V元素,正火钢板不具V(C,N)的析出强化作用,而通过延长铸坯加热时间和减小中间坯待温厚度,可显著改善轧后钢板组织形态,正火后钢板可获得细小的铁素体晶粒和弥散的珠光体组织,钢板各项性能优良。     

正火温度对钒氮微合金化WH630E钢板组织和性能的影响

利用转炉炼钢底吹氮气和炉外精炼工艺实现钒氮微合金化,利用连铸坯,采取控轧控冷工艺轧制8~30 mm厚度的WH630E钢板,取热轧态钢板进行正火处理试验,对比热轧态和不同正火态钢板的力学性能和组织变化发现,正火处理可进一步细化热轧态钢板的铁素体晶粒,提高钢板的低温冲击吸收能量,正火态钢板的强化以晶粒细化为主,晶粒细化作用强于V(CN)的析出强化作用。     

超快冷技术在鞍钢Q550工程机械用钢生产中的应用

针对采用复合元素添加法生产工程机械用钢成本较高的问题，介绍了鞍钢中板厂利用超快速冷却工艺开发Q550CFD高强工程机械用钢的情况，主要介绍了化学成分设计、生产工艺及产品组织性能。实践表明，采用超快速冷却工艺生产的钢板热轧态、回火态力学性能均满足标准要求，实现了低成本、减量化生产。     

海上风电塔架用超宽DH36钢板性能研究

随着海上风电建设的快速发展,如何降低基础建设成本,增加结构强度是海上风电建设关注的重点问题之一。以增加钢板规格从而减少焊缝、提高强度为目标,采用复合轧制工艺和TMCP工艺,在某5 500 mm轧机上成功试制出风电塔架用80 mm(厚)×4 500 mm(宽)×15 000 mm(长)DH36钢板。钢板拉伸性能、冲击韧性和弯曲性能均满足标准要求且不同方向性能差异较小;钢板1/2厚度与1/4厚度处晶粒度差异较小,均为9.5级;钢板界面复合良好,弯曲试验未见中心开裂,显微组织无可见界面。     

双相不锈钢2205+Q345C复合钢板研制

爆炸复合钢板的关键工序是爆炸复合、热处理、覆层拼接及未结合补焊。介绍2205+Q345C双相不锈钢复合钢板的爆炸焊接工艺,通过控制板间距、炸药配方、炸药密度及厚度、地基等方面,获得了理想的结合质量。为消除爆炸焊接应力,通过选择合理的热处理工艺,复合钢板既获得了基材良好的力学性能又保证了覆层优异的耐腐蚀性能。同时,为满足标准或技术条件要求,通过控制覆层的拼接和未结合区域补焊的质量,获得了优良的焊缝性能。从而保证了2205双相不锈钢复合板的力学性能、耐蚀性、相比等均满足技术要求。     

热处理工艺对低温压力容器用钢组织性能的影响

对低温压力容器用09MnNiDR钢板热轧、正火和回火后组织进行观察,分析热处理工艺对该钢组织的影响规律.结果表明,正火后钢板晶粒明显细化,沿厚度方向均得到铁素体+片层珠光体组织,珠光体分布更均匀;回火后大部分片层状珠光体组织消失,渗碳体由片层状变为球形,且组织中大量弥散的纳米级微合金粒子的析出导致部分铁素体晶粒内部位错密度仍较高.最终回火态钢板力学性能的检测结果表明,实验所得回火态钢板综合性能良好.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.