论可持续发展战略下的既有建筑改造

既有建筑改造是个老话题，但怎样改造是常新的课题，特别是可持续发展已被普遍接受的今天。文中以既有建筑改造为题，提出了新形式下既有建筑改造的可持续原则，生态技术策略和既有建筑改造的产业意义。目的是利用既有建筑改造的机会，协调既有建筑与资源环境的关系，从而推动、促进建筑的可持续发展。     

步进式加热炉内水冷辊道的设计改造

阐述了步进炉内输入输出辊道的作用，对辊道改造前存在的问题分析，介绍了对其辊轴装置，传动装置，减速装置，支承装置，冷却水装置改造设计，并对改造前后辊道进行优化分析，通过实际运行，改造效果良好。     

浅析甲醇精馏装置的改造

为提高甲醇的产量，改造精馏塔。在塔体不动前提下，改造塔板和相应管线，将原筛板塔结构改造成ADV高效微分浮阀塔。改造后精馏装置年产精甲醇量为改造前1．6倍；同时克服许多不利因素，提高了装置生产的稳定性     

高强度复合磷酸盐结合钢纤维耐火浇注料在锻造加热炉的应用

本文详细地介绍了我厂应用高强度复合磷酸盐结合钢纤维耐火浇注料对锻造加热炉的改造情况，包括改造方案，改造用料的特性、保温材料特性、施工工艺等，并对改造效果进行了总结。     

30 t电弧炉的设备改造

将普通功率电弧炉改造为高阻抗电弧炉具有投资少，效果好，产量大幅度提高，经济效益显著的突出优点。介绍了将普通30t电弧炉改造为高阻抗超高功率电弧炉的设备改造实例和内容，改造前后的技术参数和运行指标，说明了高阻抗电弧炉的优越性。     

采用燃气蒸汽联合循环改造老电厂的途径

根据我国目前电厂状况及国家燃料政策的现状，论述了不同类型老电厂的改造方式和条件，合理的电厂改造容量，阐明了采用燃气蒸汽联合装置是改造老电厂的有效途径，并对改造方案进行了分析。     

车车拉机床夹具改造

针对车车拉机床更换加工曲轴品种需消耗较长时间，对车车拉机床夹具进行了改造，改造后的机床不但省时省力，还极大地提高了机床的适用性。本文详细介绍了调整机床夹具的影响因素，如何改造机床夹具和改造后的效果。     

3×210 MW燃煤电厂湿法脱硫装置增容改造方案设计

以土耳其某3×210 MW煤粉锅炉的湿法脱硫装置增容改造为例，介绍了为适应土耳其国内日益严格的环保标准及响应业主要求，通过对比吸收塔拆除重建、吸收塔及其辅助系统改造、单塔双循环、双塔双循环四种改造方案，得出了吸收塔及其辅助系统改造方案最适合本项目。并提出吸收塔及其辅助系统改造的具体方案设计，可为类似燃煤电厂湿法脱硫装置增容改造项目提供参考。     

冷凝机组供热改造中汽轮机内效率的提高

纯冷凝机组进行热电联产改造时对大焓降缩放喷嘴进行改型设计，可减少因调节级后压力升高而产生的激波损失，但这种改造方法不能完全消除激波现象。针对汽机低真空供暖及打孔抽汽改造，本文分析提出不同的改造的方案，不但可以完全消除激波，且能保证汽机大部分压力级仍在原设计的参数附近运行，提高汽机总内效率，使热电联产改造获得最佳经济效益。     

报废油井改造成地热井的方法

针对大港油田地区的地质特征，对报废油井改造成地热井的方法进行了探讨。改造方法包括开天窗侧钻法、改造泵室射孔法、直接射孔法，这3种方法都具有造价低、工期短的特点。大港油田及华北油田报废油井改造成地热井的应用实例证实了改造方法的可行性，改造后的地热井用于生产和生活，运行情况良好。取得了较大的经济和社会效益。     

Unerroric of control of mutual compliance of the efficiency of hydrogen engines of unmanned vehicles in the conditions of mass production

The issues related to the reliability of hydrogen engines of unmanned vehicles and increasing the efficiency of using hydrogen as fuel when using the method of its production during the decomposition of hydrogen-containing molecules of liquid-phase organic compounds in a plasma discharge under the action of intense ultrasonic exposure are considered. Experiments have shown that as a result of decomposition in the acoustoplasma discharge of liquid hydrocarbons, solid-phase carbon-containing products are formed, chemical transformations occur in the liquid phase and hydrogen-containing combustible gas is formed. Hydrogen-containing gas can be used as fuel immediately after synthesis, i.e. it does not require separation, since in addition to hydrogen it contains only impurities of CO₂ and water vapor. The purpose of the study is to formalize the basic conditions for tightening the control of mutual compliance with the efficiency of hydrogen engines of the same series in the conditions of their mass production. Methods of mathematical statistics and hardware-software modeling were used in the study. The term “unerroric of quality mutual compliance control” is introduced to describe a set of hardware and software tools for such control. The principle of in-depth testing of the technical condition of such engines of one series is described in a multidimensional formulation of the quality control problem for three of their operating parameters at once. The conditions for increasing the mutual correspondence of the measured values of such parameters in the conditions of serial production of hydrogen engines are formalized.     

小型锅炉烟尘测试时锅炉出力的计算

锅炉烟尘测试时,必须对锅炉出力进行测试。但监测中,许多小型锅炉往往不具备相关的计量装置和仪表,为解决这一问题,文章提出了用烟气量和空气过剩系数来计算锅炉的出力的公式,在实际使用中,该方法简单易行,其结果和实测值具有很好的一致怀。     

生物质催化热裂解技术的研究进展

生物质催化裂解是生物质热化学转化的一种重要途径。综述了生物质催化热裂解技术使用的反应器、催化剂类型,以及催化热裂解过程中热裂解温度、吹扫气、升温速率、生物质原料等条件的影响,展望了生物质催化热裂解技术的发展趋势。     

促进城镇生活污水处理装置产业化

城镇生活污水处理装置是由农村户用沼气地发展演变而来，是一种小型、分散化处理污水的装置 ，是环境建设的需要。文章着重从我国环保政策及目标、生活污水造成的污染状况、急需整治的公共设施、生活污水净化装置的演变以及社会经济效益和环境效益等方面，阐述了其产业化的重要性。     

燃烧流化床气泡能量分布模型

应用瞬态谱分析方法对燃烧流化床声波信号进行了频谱分析,发现气泡能量分布呈Ｇａｍｍａ分布形式,在Ａｒｇｙｒｉｏｕｓ和Ｙｏｓｈｉｄａ等人提出的模型的基础上,发展了燃烧流化床气泡能量分布模型,并通过优化迭代对模型参数进行求解,在实验和理论的基础上得出了更加切合实际的燃烧流化床气泡能量分布模型     

中国煤炭地下气化技术的发展

本文综述了煤炭地下汽化技术的国内外发展现状,对我国“长通道、大断面”煤炭地下气化新工艺给予了技术经济评述,并提出了发展煤炭地下汽化技术的政策建议。     

Heat of vaporization of mixtures

General expressions for the heat of vaporization of mixtures at constant pressure; at constant temperature; and at constant pressure, temperature, and composition are proposed. The last one is related to the liquid-vapor interface where steady vaporization or condensation is taking place. Numerical examples by the proposed expressions are shown for binary mixtures of HCFC22(R22) and (HCFC123(R123) © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Heat Trans Jpn Res, 25(1): 12–24, 1996     

Investigation of effect of variation of cycle parameters on thermodynamic performance of gas-steam combined cycle

The paper deals with second law thermodynamic analysis of a basic gas turbine based gas-steam combined cycle. The article investigates the effect of variation of cycle parameters on rational efficiency and component-wise non-dimensionalised exergy destruction of the plant. Component-wise inefficiencies of the combined cycle have been quantified with the objective to pin-point the major sources of exergy destruction. The parameter that affects cycle performance most is the TIT (turbine inlet temperature). TIT should be kept on the higher side, because at lower values, the exergy destruction is higher. The summation of total exergy destruction of all components in percentage terms is lower (44.88%) at TIT of 1800 K & r_p,c = 23, as compared to that at TIT = 1700 K. The sum total of rational efficiency of gas turbine and steam turbine is found to be higher (54.91%) at TIT = 1800 K & r_p,c = 23, as compared to that at TIT = 1700 K. Compressor pressure ratio also affects the exergy performance. The sum total of exergy destruction of all components of the combined cycle plant is lower (44.17%) at higher value of compressor pressure ratio (23)& TIT = 1700 K, as compared to that at compressor pressure ratio (16). Also exergy destruction is minimized with the adoption of multi-pressure-reheat steam generator configuration.     

Constructal optimization of the geometry of an array of micro-channels

This paper documents the geometric optimization of an array of circular and non-circular ducts. The optimization was carried out numerically using finite volume method. As optimal dimensions were independent of the array configuration, the numerical simulation was performed on a unit cell. Numerical optimization for circular, square and isosceles right triangle cross-sections of channels was performed. Based on the results of this investigation, some correlations were proposed to predict the optimal hydraulic diameter and dimensionless heat transfer per unit volume. In addition to examining the effect of pressure drop on these parameters, it was showed that among the different geometries of this study, square cross-section has the most efficiency for a given volume. The numerical results of the present study were compared with approximate results reported in the literature which a good agreement was observed.     

Review of theory of distortion and disintegration of liquid streams

Linear and nonlinear analyses of the instabilities and distortion of liquid streams injected into a gaseous media are discussed. The various fundamental mechanisms and the predictive capabilities for the distortions are emphasized. Round jets, planar sheets, annular sheets, and conical sheets are discussed in detail. The balance between capillary and inertial forces is primarily examined. The method for simplifying the analyses in the case of thin liquid sheets is discussed. The capabilities for representing the droplet size distribution that follows the stream disintegration are outlined.