Web应用开发方法研究

随着Web技术的快速发展,Web应用规模的扩大,系统、成熟的开发方法对成功的构建Web应用系统显得越来越重要。本文分析了Web应用开发方法应有的一些特性,简单介绍了一些主流的Web应用开发方法。最后以一个相对比较成熟的Web应用开发方法 Web ML为例,对它的建模元素、开发过程以及支持工具进行了详细的研究。     

Web应用开发的两层体系结构建模

随着Internet的迅猛发展,Web已经成为各种应用的主要平台。在Web应用的开始阶段.只是一些简单的网站,将Web作为信息中介和信息发布的平台,这时候所提供的工具只是集中于网页的创建和编辑,如HotMetal编辑器和微软的FrontPage,它们都限于被动的超文本表示以及一致的跨网页的布局和部分的导航模型。随着网站的规模和复杂度日益增加,它所承担的任务已不仅是简单的基于Web的数据发布,也包括了信息系统的构建和复杂的应用逻辑,我们将这一类应用统称为Web应用。我们可以看到.对于Web应用,早期的网站编辑工具难以支持系统的开发、管理和维护。近年来的一些研究,借助于软件工程领域中的开发方法和模型,以支持Web应用的系统化、结构化的开发,这类方法称为模型驱动的开发方法。近年来,模型驱动的开发方法成为Web应用开     

Web应用开发中构件描述的研究与应用

为了有效地利用已存在的资源和开发成果提高Web应用开发的效率,在软件复用思想的基础上,提出一种基于构件的Web应用开发方法.该方法从系统建模开始,说明了使用构件技术开发Web应用的流程.总结了Web应用开发时可能用到的各种构件类型,并提出了一种基于XML的构件及其依赖关系的描述方法,使开发人员不必了解构件内部的实现细节就能开发出高效健壮的系统.最后通过一个登录模块的实例,表明了该方法的可行性.     

Web应用开发平台的元建模研究

传统的Web应用开发方法面临系统复杂度增加、需求不断变更等挑战,导致开发效率低下,系统难重用。本文基于MDA方法学,采用标准建模语言UML和元建模语言MOF,定义了针对Web应用的面向对象建模语言UML-EBP。通过分析UML-EBP元模型结构、语义以及相关模型实例的表述,表明UML-EBP元模型可以很好地应用于Web应用系统开发过程,从而快捷简便地实现Web应用系统开发,并使得系统容易扩展、复用。     

基于UML的Web应用程序系统分析与设计

开发Web应用程序的中心很少关注开发的过程。本文给出利用UML为Web应用程序建模,并将此方法应用于厦门大学研究生选课系统的分析、设计和建模过程。这种程序的开发方法不但降低了系统复杂性,还为开发人员提供交流的工具,同时提高了系统重用性和可维护性,提高了系统开发的效率。     

用快速原型法开发Web信息服务系统

文章分析了 Web信息服务系统类软件的特点 ,论述了软件工程的开发方法——快速原型法 ,探讨了用快速原型法开发 Web信息服务系统的方法。     

浅析新一代企业级web信息系统的结构化开发方法

新一代企业级Web信息系统开发以业务流程为中心,以结构化开发方法为导向,以四层架构为基础,本文将对此类系统的开发流程和关键技术进行解析。     

CERN生态站多媒体Web发布

介绍了CERN生态站多媒体Web发布系统的功能、体系结构、开发方法,重点介绍了如何将Web开发技术中HTML技术、ASP及其访问Oracle数据库技术、用JavaApplet开发用于Web的多媒体以及包含图形用户界面的技术有机地结合起来,从而开发出画面更丰富,使用更方便的系统。     

JSF技术在Web程序开发中的应用研究

随着Web应用需求的增加,现有的Web应用开发方法出现了一些难以解决的问题,例如表示层和逻辑层无法完全分离、客户端类型较多等。本文探讨了一种新的Web应用开发技术——JSF（JavaServer Faces）技术,并通过一实例展示了它在Web用户界面开发中的应用方法,最后对此技术进行了分析和总结。     

My Eclipse+Dream weaver搭建Java Web开发环境

剖析Java Web应用的开发、部署过程和原理,依托常用开发平台Dream weaver、My Eclipse,搭建Java Web的开发环境,发挥其各自优势,寻求高效开发方法,提升了开发效率,并以开发案例加以说明。     

A novel lifecycle model for Web-based application development in small and medium enterprises

Software engineering’s lifecycle models have proven to be very important for traditional software development. However, can these models be applied to the development of Web-based applications as well? In recent years, Web-based applications have become more and more complicated and a lot of efforts have been placed on introducing new technologies such as J2EE, PhP, and.NET, etc., which have been universally accepted as the development technologies for Web-based applications. However, there is no universally accepted process model for the development of Web-based applications. Moreover, shaping the process model for small medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which have limited resources, has been relatively neglected. Based on our previous work, this paper presents an expanded lifecycle process model for the development of Web-based applications in SMEs. It consists of three sets of processes, i.e., requirement processes, development processes, and evolution processes. Particularly, the post-delivery evolution processes are important to SMEs to develop and maintain quality web applications with limited resources and time.     

一个基于下推自动机的Web测试自动执行器

随着Web应用系统的广泛应用，对其质量要求也越来越高。如何进行有效的测试以保证Web应用系统的质量是值得关注的研究问题。支持测试用例自动执行的测试执行器（Test runner）是其中的一个热点和难点。文章研究并提出了基于下推自动机的Web测试自动执行器，并实现了其原型系统。谊执行器支持测试用例的自动执行并给出测试结果报告，并通过Web应用测试实例验证了其有效性。     

Integrating usability requirements that can be evaluated in design time into Model Driven Engineering of Web Information Systems

In recent years, Web Engineering development projects have grown increasingly complex for and critical to the smooth running of organizations. However, recent studies reveal that a high percentage of these projects fail to attain the quality parameters required by stakeholders. The inadequate consideration of requirements management activities together with the absence of attention to the elicitation and evaluation of requirements and metrics related to certain quality attributes which are of special importance in this kind of systems, such as usability, have proved to be some of the main causes of this failure. This paper attempts to reduce some of the quality failures detected in Web Engineering development projects by proposing the consideration and evaluation of quality attributes from early stages of the development process. The presented approach therefore commences with a reinforcement of the requirements related activities in this discipline, which is carried out by using a requirements metamodel. Once these requirements have been identified, the approach focuses on the extension of the conceptual models used by Web Engineering methodologies with the aim of allowing the explicit consideration of usability requirements along with the evaluation of quality metrics during the design of the system. An example of an application illustrating how the approach can be used, along with the automatic support which was developed for it, are also shown.     

Testing Web-based applications: The state of the art and future trends

Software testing is a difficult task and testing Web-based applications may be even more difficult, due to the peculiarities of such applications. In the last years, several problems in the field of Web-based applications testing have been addressed by research work, and several methods and techniques have been defined and used to test Web-based applications effectively. This paper will present the main differences between Web-based applications and traditional ones, how these differences impact the testing of the former ones, and some relevant contributions in the field of Web application testing developed in recent years. The focus is mainly on testing the functionality of a Web-based application, even if some discussion about the testing of non-functional requirements is provided too. Some indications about future trends in Web application testing are also outlined in the paper.     

A formal approach for run-time verification of web applications using scope-extended LTL

ContextIn the past decade, the World Wide Web has been subject to rapid changes. Web sites have evolved from static information pages to dynamic and service-oriented applications that are used for a broad range of activities on a daily basis. For this reason, thorough analysis and verification of Web Applications help assure the deployment of high quality applications.ObjectivesIn this paper, an approach is presented to the formal verification and validation of existing web applications. The approach consists of using execution traces of a web application to automatically generate a communicating automata model. The obtained model is used to model checking the application against predefined properties, to perform regression testing, and for documentation.MethodsTraces used in the proposed approach are collected by monitoring a web application while it is explored by a user or a program. An automata-based model is derived from the collected traces by mapping the pages of the application under test into states and the links and forms used to browse the application into transitions between the states. Properties, meanwhile, express correctness and quality requirements on web applications and might concern all states of the model; in many cases, these properties concern only a proper subset of the states, in which case the model is refined to designate the subset of the global states of interest. A related problem of property specification in Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) over only a subset of states of a system is solved by means of specialized operators that facilitate specifying properties over propositional scopes in a concise and intuitive way. Each scope constitutes a subset of states that satisfy a propositional logic formula.ResultsAn implementation of the verification approach that uses the model checker Spin is presented where an integrated toolset is developed and empirical results are shown. Also, Linear Temporal Logic is extended with propositional scopes.Conclusiona formal approach is developed to build a finite automata model tuned to features of web applications that have to be validated, while delegating the task of property verification to an existing model checker. Also, the problem of property specification in LTL over a subset of the states of a given system is addressed, and a generic and practical solution is proposed which does not require any changes in the system model by defining specialized operators in LTL using scopes.     

Web工程过程研究

基于Web的应用系统开发和传统软件开发有显著区别,传统软件工程方法和技术应用到基于Web的系统开发中,显得力不从心。在多个基于Web的系统开发实践基础上,阐述Web工程与传统软件工程的区别,分析基于Web的应用开发的人员组织,提出一个Web工程过程模型。     

A unified framework for managing Web-based services

The emergence of Web technologies enables a variety of Web-based service applications, which can be examined from business process integration, supply chain management, and knowledge management perspectives. To categorize existing Web-based services while foreseeing potential new types, a unified view is needed to represent the structures and processes of Web-based services. This paper proposes a general framework to identify essential structures and operations of Web-based services, and then models these components. We articulate the framework with Web technologies, such as Web service and semantic Web, multi-agent and peer-to-peer, and Web information retrieval and mining. Two comprehensive examples in insurance and knowledge services are used to elaborate the use of Web-based service framework in fulfilling business processes. This study synthesizes essential structures and processes of Web-based services to build a framework for researchers and practitioners to develop Web-based services and techniques.     

利用J2EE实现Web Services模型与应用

WebServices是一种新颖的系统应用开发与集成技术并得到了越来越多的企业以及开发人员的青睐。该文简要阐述了WebServices的基本概念、模型以及在企业信息系统中的应用模型与实现,并以实例详细论述了WebServices系统的建立、设置与相关程序的编制。     

Web应用程序的设计与分析

Ｗｅｂ迅速发展,并逐渐成为信息领域内最重要的一种媒介和开发手段。由于 ＨＴＴＰ协议的简单性,因而应用程序的开发也相对简单,但和数据库结合并动态创建页面的应用程序却很复杂。而且由于ＨＴＴＰ协议的无记忆性,使得基于Ｗｅｂ的应用程序相对一般的应用程序更为复杂。Ｗｅｂ的应用程序是软件工程一个新的应用领域,文章用ＵＭＬ方法来分析设计Ｗｅｂ应用程序,根据Ｗｅｂ应用程序的特点提出了概念页面的思想,并用页面框图,页面流来设计Ｗｅｂ页面。     

Discover and visualize association rules from sensor observations on the web

Nowadays, Web-based applications has became a common practice in environment monitoring. These applications provide open platforms for users to discover access and integrate near real-time sensor data which is collected from distributed sensors and sensor networks. To make use of the shared sensor data on the Web, conceptual models in a particular domain are normally adopted. However, most conceptual models require high quality data and high level domain knowledge. Such limitations greatly limit the application of these models. To overcome some of these limitations, this paper proposes a data-mining approach to analyze patterns and relationships among different sensor data sets. This approach provides a flexible way for users to understand hidden relationships in shared sensor data, and can help them to make use Web-based sensor systems better.