板坯连铸结晶器非正弦振动技术的应用

介绍了武汉钢铁（集团）公司第三炼钢厂结晶器液压正弦/非正弦振动技术，对非正弦振动与正弦振动的特点进行了比较。研究VAI提供给我厂的振动参数之间的关系，对振动参数进行了优化调整，降低负滑脱时间，明显减少板坯振痕深度和改善了表面质量，同时增加了正滑脱时间，降低了粘连漏钢的风险，提高了操作安全性。     

电动缸非正弦振动在板坯连铸机上的应用

介绍了酒钢炼钢一工序的板坯振动台结晶器正弦及非正弦振动技术,对非正弦振动与正弦振动的特点进行了比较。通过对非正弦振动参数进行优化调整,降低负滑脱时间,明显减少了振痕深度和改善了铸坯表面质量,同时增加正滑脱时间,降低了粘连漏钢的风险。     

连铸结晶器非正弦振动系统神经元控制研究

连铸机结晶器非正弦振动的目的是减少振动的负滑脱时间,为了提高非正弦振动的控制精度,采用了单神经元自适应PID控制,与传统PID的控制效果进行了比较。仿真及试验结果表明:单神经元自适应PID控制提高了结晶器振动的响应速度,有效地保证了结晶器振动负滑脱时间这一控制指标;减小了位置跟踪波形的畸变,使结晶器按给定非正弦振动特性曲线运动。     

基于液压振动的结晶器非正弦振动

 基于宝钢板坯连铸的实测数据,对液压振动装置下结晶器非正弦振动模型相关特性进行了测试和分析。探讨了不同偏斜角度下非正弦振动波形的特点及振动装置驱动力的变化趋势,同时对拉速-振频反向控制模型下,正弦与非正弦振动方式的负滑脱等参数计算结果进行了分析,并对结晶器摩擦力的实测结果进行了讨论。结果表明,结晶器非正弦振动进一步优化了工艺参数,比传统的正弦振动更适合高速板坯连铸生产。     

结晶器非正弦谐振技术的开发与应用

研究了非正弦振动发生装置。构造了非正弦振动的波形函数，开发了非正弦振动发生装置和结晶器谐振技术，给出了最佳谐振弹簧力的计算方法。针对首钢大板坯连铸机，优化了非正弦振动的工艺参数，减小了负滑动时间和最大相对速度差，增加了负滑动率、正滑动时间和负滑动量。此技术应用于首钢板坯连铸机，且对采用非正弦振动和正弦振动的两流铸坯进行对比分析。结果表明，此非正弦振动技术在减少粘结性拉漏、减少表面裂纹及减轻表面振痕、提高铸坯表面质量等方面均取得了明显效果。     

连铸结晶器非正弦振动振幅的确定

利用结晶器液体摩擦力模型,结合具有最佳振动模式特点的非正弦振动形式,分析了2．0 m／min拉速时非正弦振动振幅对液体摩擦力的影响,给出了振幅选取原则和确定方法。通过对连铸1 270 mm×210 mm SPHC钢(≤0．08％C)的计算结果表明:振动采用小振幅能限制最大液体摩擦力,增大保护渣耗量,减少负滑脱时间;选定2．0m／min拉速,适宜振幅为±4 mm;随拉速提高振幅适当增大,可适时改善振动效果。     

结晶器振动参数对连铸坯表面质量的影响

针对电炉钢连铸 130mm× 130mm、15 0mm× 15 0mm、15 0mm× 2 10mm方坯表面出现的振疤、振沟对轧材表面质量的影响 ,在现有正弦振动模式下结合工业性试验对影响铸坯表面质量的负滑脱率、负滑脱时间、振动频率、结晶器导前等结晶器振动参数进行优化。实验表明 ,随负滑脱率 (负滑脱时间与振动周期之比 )降低 ,铸坯表面趋于平整 ,消除了沟形振痕。 15 0mm× 15 0mm方坯在拉速 2 0～ 2 8m min ,负滑脱率 33% ,振频 130～ 180 min ,负滑脱时间 0 13～ 0 16s ,振程设置 9 6～ 10 2mm时 ,明显改善了铸坯表面质量     

连铸结晶器非正弦振动函数及工艺参数研究

 结晶器非正弦振动在有效避免黏结性漏钢的同时,可以获得较短的负滑动时间,有助于提高铸坯表面质量。非正弦振动的加速度比正弦振动大,容易产生冲击,降低结晶器运动的平稳性。针对此问题,构造了一种新型非正弦振动波形函数,其加速度可以根据实际情况给定,以保证良好的波形动力学特性。此波形函数可以在恒定的加速度下,通过增加波形偏斜率来减小负滑动时间,在增强非正弦振动特征的同时,不影响结晶器振动平稳性;另外,在恒定的波形偏斜率下,可以通过减小振动加速度来减小负滑动时间,在增强振动平稳性的同时,提高铸坯表面质量。通过对振动工艺参数的分析,给出了各工艺参数的计算方法,绘制了多工艺参数等值曲线,为拉速-频率同步控制模型的确定提供了参考。     

机械实现的非正弦振动装置在方坯铸机上的应用

通过测试结晶器的振动位移曲线，分析了非正弦振动的波形失真率，该结构验证了振动装置设计的有效性，实验结果表明采用非正弦振动后，能够减少铸坯表面纵裂的发生率，降低铸坯表面的振痕深度，改善铸坯的表面质量。     

板坯结晶器液压振动同步控制模型的优化设计

针对应用于板坯连铸结晶器液压振动的正弦波形和二阶三角级数非正弦波形,根据保护渣消耗量、振痕深度、振动加速度等重要的限制性因素,以负滑脱时间为基本参考量建立了用于设计结晶器振动同步控制模型的规划求解数学模型,并通过计算获得了各类钢种对应的优化的同步控制模型。另外,基于该优化控制模型对与铸坯质量紧密相关的几个重要的振动工艺参数进行了计算。计算结果表明,本次研究中获得的优化的结晶器振动同步控制模型具有较好的合理性,在浇铸工艺参数（拉速）发生变化时,其相应的振动工艺参数变化较为稳定,这对于铸坯质量来说十分有利,具有良好的冶金效果。     

Development of mechanical drive type non-sinusoidal oscillator for continuous casting of steel

Abstract

A relatively simple mechanical drive type non-sinusoidal oscillator has been developed, based on mechanical theory. In this oscillator, a non-circular gearbox is additionally installed between the electromotor and eccentric cam. Compared with a servohydraulic type mould oscillation unit, this oscillator has the advantage that a non-sinusoidal oscillation mode can be used without the need for a large modification to the existing sinusoidal oscillator. In the present paper, the mechanical realisation of the oscillator is analysed, and the features of mechanical drive type non-sinusoidal oscillation are discussed. The design of the oscillator has been verified by measuring mould oscillation displacement. Plant experimental results have shown that the depth of the oscillation mark is reduced, and the surface quality of the cast product is improved, by using the oscillator.     

Optimization of Oscillation Model for Slab Continuous Casting Mould Based on Mould Friction Measurements in Plant Trial

Lubrication and friction between the mould and strand are strongly influenced by mould oscillation, and play an important role in slab quality and operating safety during continuous casting processes. Investigation of mould oscillation is therefore essential for getting a better online control of the mould processes. A feasible approach for the development and optimization of mould oscillation was put forward, which combined online measurement of mould friction, design of negative oscillating parameters and evaluation for powder consumption. Three different control models including sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal oscillation for mould oscillations were developed to investigate and evaluate the effects of oscillation on mould friction and powder lubrication. For the purpose of investigating mould friction between mould and strand, online measurement was carried out on a slab continuous caster equipped with a hydraulic oscillator. Also the comparison of the mould friction in sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal mould oscillation was made for subsequent analysis. The industrial experiment result shows that the combination of inverse control model and non-sinusoidal oscillation mode will contribute to the proper powder consumption, leading to a suitable effect of friction force on strand surface, especially for high speed continuous casting. The proposed method provides reliable basis for guiding and optimizing mould oscillation among control models, sinusoidal oscillation and non-sinusoidal oscillation.     

包钢薄板坯连铸机结晶器振动台的改进

包钢薄板坯连铸连轧厂连铸机的结晶器振动台改造后的液压式振动台与机械式振动台相比较,具有结构简单、精度高、响应快,可以实现正弦或非正弦振动等优点,通过振动检测进行分析,适时调整结晶器,提高连铸机的作业率和经济效益。     

结晶器液压振动台振动状态检测与分析

结晶器振动在连铸生产中具有重要的作用,液压振动是近年来被开发并逐渐推广应用的结晶器振动方式.基于板坯连铸结晶器液压振动装置,通过检测结晶器液压振动装置的位移等参数,对振动系统的振动状态的检测与评价进行试验研究.分析了不同振动参数下两侧液压缸位移偏差、相位差随振动参数的变化规律.结果表明,结晶器液压振动装置具有较高的振动精度.为液压振动条件下结晶器振动状态的检测与评价提供了一种方法.     

Investigation and Application of Non-sinusoidal Oscillation Technique of Mold

To improve the slab quality, a kind of non-sinusoidal oscillation technique of mold driven by elliptic gears was developed. The waveform functions of non-sinusoidal oscillation were determined, and the calculation method and curves of technological parameters for non-sinusoidal oscillation were given. At the case of waveform deviation factor α equal to 0. 31 and oscillation amplitude h equal to ±2.7 mm, the relationship between oscillation frequency and casting speed is determined, and the technological parameters for non-sinusoidal oscillation are calculated. The testing results of industrial application indicated that this technique could not only improve the slab surface quality, but also reduce the steel breakout.     

连铸结晶器混合驱动系统的非正弦振动波形

 针对频率、振幅和波形均可在线调整的连铸结晶器电动式混合驱动系统,提出与其运行模式相匹配的非正弦振动波形。首先阐明新型驱动系统非正弦波形的发生机理;然后按照激波机构的运行特点,考虑系统运行过程中的平稳性和运动约束条件,构建了激波机构的速度函数,进而根据驱动系统运动学推导出以频率、振幅和偏斜率为基本参数的结晶器非正弦振动波形;最后给出非正弦波形的关键工艺参数计算公式,讨论了[vc-f、h]同步控制模型中控制参数与振动工艺参数的关联规律,并以某中碳钢板坯连铸生产为例,利用关联规律,得到了完全符合振动工艺原则的非正弦控制模型,从而验证了该非正弦波形的有效性和实用性。     

Dynamic pressure in mould flux channel during mould non-sinusoidal oscillation

Abstract

Based on the lubrication theory of mould flux, a mathematical model of dynamic pressure in mould flux channel was developed, and the distribution of dynamic pressure and its variation during non-sinusoidal oscillation were investigated. The effects of casting speed and non-sinusoidal oscillation parameters, including the degree of non-sinusoidal operation (non-sinusoidal factor), amplitude and frequency of oscillation on the dynamic pressure in the mould flux channel, were studied. The results indicate that the maximum negative pressure is decreased, and the maximum positive pressure is increased with increasing non-sinusoidal factor. The optimum value of non-sinusoidal factor is ～0·2. With increasing amplitude and frequency of oscillation, both the negative and positive pressure are increased; moreover, the increment of positive pressure is obviously greater than that of negative pressure; especially when the oscillation frequency is increased, the increment of negative pressure is very little. When the casting speed is enhanced, the negative pressure is increased, but the positive pressure is decreased. Therefore, if the casting speed is increased, the oscillation amplitude needs to be increased, as well as the oscillation frequency needs to be decreased properly. With these adjustments, the positive pressure in mould flux channel is nearly unchanged. The actions of strand demoulding and cracks welding are kept effective. Moreover, the negative pressure in mould flux channel is increased properly, which causes the flux consumption to increase, so the mould lubrication is improved. Finally, the strand surface quality is improved greatly, and breakout can be avoided. The applicability of the optimised non-sinusoidal oscillation parameters for the two kinds of casting speed has been proven by industrial practice.