涡街流量计的设计及其应用

介绍涡街流量计的基本原理、检测方法及其安装结构，提出了现场使用中出现问题的解决方法。     

中间包控制汇流旋涡的水模研究

 为了减小中间包汇流旋涡所造成的卷渣对钢质量的危害，就某钢厂现有中间包的各工艺参数对汇流旋涡形成的影响进行了水模实验研究，结果表明：小塞棒高度、小拉速和小中间包水口口径对防止汇流旋涡有利，渣在一定程度上可以抑制旋涡的产生和发展，但渣层的厚度对旋涡没有明显影响；塞棒高度为60 mm、拉速为068 m/min、中间包水口内径为56 mm和有渣是本实验所得的该钢厂实际中间包最佳防止汇流旋涡工艺条件。     

涡流分选原理及皮带式分选机的研制

为实现固体废料中的有色金属、特别是铝的回收,根据涡流分选理论,利用钕铁硼材料作为磁源,进行皮带式涡流分选机的研制工作,本文阐述皮带式涡流分选机的分选原理、机械结构、磁源设计以及小型试验,并对其在使用过程中的注意事项进行说明。     

旋风风冷冷渣器的现场实验研究

通过分析现场采集的实验数据,发现冷渣器入口风速、风温和入口渣量、渣温以及冷渣器长度对冷渣器工作效果有显著的影响。通过实验分析它们各自的影响程度,从而确定冷渣器运行时的最佳工况条件。     

涡流管式除尘装置的实验研究

本文提出了一种新型高效的湿式除尘元件——涡流管，并对其进行了实验研究，分析了涡流管除尘机理，并得到了实验验证。以涡流管组成的除尘器适应不同规模的燃煤锅炉及工业窑炉。其结构紧凑、初投资省、运行费用低、除尘效率高，特别对微尘有良好的去除效果，是一种经济高效很有开发前景的新型除尘技术。     

反应器中出流口的大小和形状对漩涡临界高度的影响

通过水模型实验考察了出流口的大小与形状对游涡临界高度的影响,得出：在出流口面积与出流流量相等的情况下,漩涡的临界高度随出流口的直径（当量直径）的增大而增大;采用缝隙式出流口时产生漩涡的临界高度比采用同面积的圆形出流口时的低得多。这可供进行其它反应器设计时参考。     

热风炉输送管路内涡流激振作用的流动特征

以具有3个90°弯头和1个文氏管为特征的鞍钢新1号高炉热风炉助燃空气输送管路为物理模型,进行了流场仿真计算,预测到圆管内二次流旋涡、边界层分离的壁涡以及纵向旋转变化等同时存在的复杂流动特征,与过去的研究结果相一致,证实了管路中旋涡和非线性汇集、膨胀流与管壁之间的相互作用,是造成热风炉管路系统出现共振的激振力之一。从而提醒人们要注重合理的管路设计与工艺参数的结合,同时为热风炉系统的振动诊断分析提供了一种依据和方法。     

旋风风冷冷渣器的结构优化研究

采用Fluent软件,以CFD方法对旋风风冷冷渣器主冷却段内部气固两相流动在不同的实验参数下进行数值模拟,进而得到最优的圆筒长度、圆筒直径以及入口风速,从而提高了冷渣器的性能和冷却效果。     

铅冶炼技术的发展现状及旋涡闪速炼铅工艺

铅是发展国民经济的重要基础原材料,然而,传统的烧结-鼓风炉熔炼工艺具有能耗大和污染重等缺陷,因此,加快铅冶炼技术的科技进步对整个国民经济的可持续发展具有重要意义.文中综述了Kivcet法、QSL法、Kaldo法、Ausmelt/Isasmelt法、SKS法等国内外直接炼铅新工艺,重点介绍了具有我国自主知识产权的旋涡闪速炼铅工艺过程、主要设备及技术特点.     

旋浮熔炼+旋浮吹炼工艺试生产实践

简要介绍了中铜东南铜业有限公司旋浮熔炼+旋浮吹炼工艺、主要设备及技术特点、试生产情况、作业参数以及控制指标情况。重点介绍了试生产期间遇到的主要问题及解决措施,并对优化旋浮熔炼+旋浮吹炼的工艺控制、技术改造及研究方向提出了建议。     

板坯连铸结晶器内非对称涡流的水模拟研究

利用水模拟研究连铸操作工艺对板坯结晶器液面涡流的影响规律。在实验室进行了不同工艺参数下的试验,分析不同工艺参数对涡流的影响。结果表明,结晶器液面形成涡流的原因主要来自于表面液流的湍动性所导致的水口两侧表面液流动能瞬时的不对称,以及浇注工艺所导致的水口两侧出流及表面液流不对称。在结晶器液面,涡流出现形式分为水口一侧单涡流,一侧双涡流和对角双涡流等情况。上述现象与水口周围液流流态有关,涡流的"强度"(文中用涡流直径和长度表征)以及其出现的频度均随表面液流的动量增大而增加,加大水口浸入深度或增大出流角度有利于减小涡流强度和出现频度。     

The Energy Budget of a Southwest Vortex With Heavy Rainfall over South China

T Energy budgets were analyzed to study the development of an eastward propagating southwest vortex (SWV) associated with heavy rainfall over southern China (11-13 June 2008). The results show that kinetic energy (KE) generation and advection were the most important KE sources, while friction and sub-grid processes were the main KE sinks. There was downward conversion from divergent to rotational wind KE consistent with the downward stretching of SWVs. The Coriolis force was important for the formation and maintenance of the SWV. Convergence was also an important factor for maintenance, as was vertical motion during the mature stage of the SWV and the formation stage of a newly formed vortex (vortex B). The conversion from available potential energy (APE) to KE of divergent wind can lead to strong convection. Vertical motion influenced APE by dynamical and thermal processes which had opposite effects. The variation of APE was related to the heavy rainfall and convection; in this case, vertical motion with direct thermal circulation was the most important way in which APE was released, while latent heat release and vertical temperature advection were important for APE generation.     

Fluid Dynamics of Vortex Formation in Tundish Operations: Mathematical Modelling

A mathematical model was developed to study the significance of the fluid dynamics of vortex formation in tundish operations. The aim is to contribute to the fundamental understanding of vortex formation and related phenomena. For this purpose a typical slab tundish was employed; the mathematical model was solved using FLUENT® commercial software capable to simulate highly turbulent flows. The well known k‐? turbulence model was applied to compute this effect in the process. The mathematical simulations confirmed the results from a water analogue model. The vortex formation is directly related to the highly turbulent flows present in the reactor. Great changes in velocity fields during short times and large distances between the upper edge of the dam and the free surface of the bath enhance the formation of vortex flows.     

锅炉旋风分离器中心筒失效分析

锅炉旋风分离器中心筒上部吊挂腰筋和腰筋附近的筒体裂开,筒体上大面积出现蜂窝状剥落坑,筒体变径处出现大量贯穿性孔洞。采用化学成分分析、宏观和金相检验等方法对中心筒进行了分析。结果表明,中心筒焊补区存在未熔合缺陷,裂纹在未熔合缺陷处萌生和长大形成宏观裂纹,导致材料失效;中心筒存在许多铸造皮下气孔,此为形成剥落坑的主要原因;剥落坑附近析出许多块状和棒状碳化物,在晶界处有链状碳化物,这是产生宏观剥落坑的诱因。     

Fluid Dynamics of Vortex Formation in Tundish Operations: Physical Modelling

The present study focuses on the fluid dynamics of vortex formation in tundish operations using a physical water analogue model and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements. The aim is to get fundamental knowledge of the nature of vortex formation that clearly represents this flow phenomenon. The results indicate that vortex formation is directly related to the highly turbulent flows present in the tundish. Great changes of velocity fields during short times and large distances between the upper edge of the dam and the free surface of the bath enhance the formation of vortex flows. Therefore, increasing tundish capacity does not guarantee steel cleanliness through long residence times if the dam height is not adjusted to the new level of liquid in the tundish.     

The Role of Stationary and Transient Planetary Waves in the Maintenance of Stratospheric Polar Vortex Regimes in Northern Hemisphere Winter

Using 1958-2002 NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, we investigate stationary and transient planetary wave propagation and its role in wave-mean flow interaction which influences the state of the polar vortex (PV)in the stratosphere in Northern Hemisphere (NH) winter. This is done by analyzing the Eliassen-Palm (E-P) flux and its divergence. We find that the stationary and transient waves propagate upward and equatorward in NH winter, with stronger upward propagation of stationary waves from the troposphere to the stratosphere, and stronger equatorward propagation of transient waves from mid-latitudes to the subtropics in the troposphere. Stationary waves exhibit more upward propagation in the polar stratosphere during the weak polar vortex regime (WVR) than during the strong polar vortex regime (SVR). On the other hand, transient waves have more upward propagation during SVR than during WVR in the subpolar stratosphere, with a domain of low frequency waves. With different paths of upward propagation, both stationary and transient waves contribute to the maintenance of the observed stratospheric PV regimes in NH winter.     

Modeling Study of the Vortex and Short Circuit Flow Effect on Inclusion Removal in a Slab Tundish

A mathematical model was developed to study effects of the vortex and the short circuit flow phenomena during tundish operation on the inclusion removal for a wide range of particle diameters. The model was solved using FLUENT® commercial software; for the particle tracking the Lagrangian discrete phase model was employed. Even when the vortexes drag about 50% of the inclusions, the most detrimental phenomenon for inclusion removal is the short circuit flow. It is important to stress that for the global inclusion behavior the removal rate decreases as the tundish level increases. It can be concluded that when increasing the tundish capacity without any flow control device adjustment, the steel cleanliness is deteriorated significantly.     

Vortex Flow Pattern in a Slab Continuous Casting Mold with Argon Gas Injection

An Eulerian-Eulerian two-fluid model was developed to study the vortex flow inside a slab continuous casting mold with argon gas injection. Interracial momentum transfer that accommodated various interracial forces including drag force, lift force, virtual mass force, and turbulent dispersion force was considered. Predicted results agree well vaith experimental measurements of the water model in two-phase flow pattern and vortex flow structures. Three typical flow patterns with different argon steel ratios （ASRs） have been obtained： ＂double roll＂, ＂three roll＂, and ＂single roll＂. The flow pattern inside the mold alternates among the three types or it may attain some intermedi ate condition. With increasing ASR, the positions of vortices move from the submerged entry nozzle to the narrow face of the mold, and the sizes of vortices are reduced gradually. The rotating directions of vortices are all from high velocity area to low velocity area. Two mechanisms of vortex formation on the top surface have been suggested, i. e. , congruous shear flow and incongruous shear flow.     

选矿厂破碎系统高效旋涡湿式除尘器的应用

西北某选矿厂碎矿车间将3台冲激式除尘器改造为2台高效旋涡湿式除尘器后,作业岗位的粉尘浓度由原来的14～22mg/m3降到现在的2mg/m3以下,装机总功率由111kW减少到44kW,一套除尘系统的耗水量仅1～2t/h,取得了显著的经济效益、社会效益和环境效益。在矿山企业具有广泛的推广应用前景。     

转炉出钢过程中涡流卷渣的数值模拟研究

为了提高转炉出钢挡渣效率,改善钢水质量,需要研发出更高效低耗的新型挡渣方法。利用CFD流体模拟软件Fluent6.3,通过基于压力的分离隐式求解器,采用k-ε双方程模拟出炉内钢液不同初始液位下静态出钢过程。通过对出钢过程的流场分析,从数学模拟的角度阐述了初始液位不同高度下的漩涡形成时间、漩涡的运动轨迹、出钢过程转炉内钢液的运动特征,针对涡流引起卷渣现象的研究,为今后研制新型挡渣方法提供了理论指导。