Nd56Fe30Al10Dy4大块非晶合金晶化过程中磁性及微观结构的研究

采用铜模吸铸法制备Nd56Fe30Al10Dy4大块非晶合金,利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)研究了该合金晶化过程中磁性及微观结构的变化。结果表明,铸态下合金表现为明显的硬磁性,在765 K退火后,合金中有少量晶态相产生,内禀矫顽力和饱和磁化强度略有下降。随着退火温度升高,合金中晶态相的相对含量逐渐增加,非晶相的相对含量逐渐减少,饱和磁化强度逐渐降低,但其内禀矫顽力变化不大。810 K退火后,合金完全晶化,铁磁性消失。结合合金的磁性能、微观结构、铁磁交换耦合作用的结果分析,Nd基大块非晶合金的矫顽力来源于合金中非晶相,但非晶相的相对含量却对矫顽力影响不大,这可以用强钉扎机制进行解释。     

Nb对Fe-Co基合金非晶形成能力及磁性能的影响

利用铜模吸铸法制备(Fe0.5Co0.5)71-xNbxZr3Nd4B22(x=0~10)系块体合金,研究合金元素Nb的添加对该体系合金非晶形成能力(GFA)和磁性能的影响。结果表明,适当Nb的添加能有效提高合金的非晶形成能力。当Nb含量为5at%时,可获得具有完全非晶结构的块体非晶合金,该合金呈现典型的软磁性能,饱和磁化强度(Ms)为79 Am2/kg;合金的晶化温度(Tx)为957 K,晶化激活能E为538.30 kJ/mol。     

大块非晶Nd_(60)Fe_(20)Co_(10)Al_(10)合金在晶化过程中磁粘滞行为的研究

通过铜模吸铸法制备出了Nd_(60)Fe_(20)Co_(10)Al_(10)大块非晶合金,研究了该合金在晶化过程中的结构与磁性能,并利用等待时间法研究了其在晶化过程中的磁粘滞行为,结果表明:在453~783 K温度退火时,合金的磁性能变化不大。当退火温度高于783 K时,合金的剩余磁化强度(M_r)、饱和磁化强度(M_s)和矫顽力(_iH_c)的值均急剧降低,在803K退火后,合金完全晶化,铁磁性消失。当合金在703和753 K退火后,合金的激活体积v_a和激活直径Da的数值变化不大,而合金的扰动场H_f则呈现先上升后下降的现象,并且在703 K时达到最大值,这是因为703 K样品中存在的亚稳相造成了扰动场的增加。此外,还讨论了这些微观磁性参数与合金宏观磁性能的关联性。     

热处理对Hf-基非晶合金力学性能的影响

采用铜模浇铸法制备Hf44.5Cu27Ni13.5Ti5Al10块体非晶合金,并对其进行等温退火处理。利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）和透射电镜（TEM）对非晶合金的晶化行为进行了分析,并通过MTS810实验机及场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）研究了等温退火对合金力学性能的影响。结果表明,该非晶合金等温退火相转变进程为：非晶→非晶＋Al16 Hf6Ni7→非晶＋Al16 Hf6Ni7＋CuTi2→CuHf2＋CuTi2。合金断裂强度随退火温度的升高先增大后减小。743 K等温退火后,合金断裂强度达到最大值2400 MPa,弹性应变为3.0%。在Hf44.5Cu27Ni13.5Ti5Al10块体非晶合金压缩断口上观察到纳米级韧窝及周期性条纹结构。随着退火温度的升高,周期性条纹间距逐渐减小直至消失,断口形貌呈现为脆性解理断裂的河流状花样。     

Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30块状非晶合金靠近玻璃转变点的等温纳米晶化

研究了Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30块状非晶合金靠近玻璃转变点等温晶化过程。结果表明：420℃退火5h,出现了尺寸为20nm左右的晶相,同时,非晶基体也出现了尺寸为1－2nm分布均匀的团簇状结构;退火10h,析出的晶相尺寸为20－50nm,所占的体积分数为40％;退火20h之后,非晶相完全转变为亚稳相,析出的晶相尺寸为50nm左右,并没有出现明显的长大现象。退火得到的晶相为Cu10Zr7,Zr2Ni及一些未能标定的相,这些相在420℃具有相对的稳定性,没有问题稳定相转变。退火后,残余非晶相的热稳定性降低。等温退火过程经历了从非晶相→团簇状结构→亚稳相的转变过程。     

Crystallization process and soft magnetic properties of nanocrystalline (Fe0.5 Co0.5 ) 86 Hf7 B6 Cu1 alloy used in elevated temperature applications

Nanocrystalline (Fe0.5 Co0.5 )86 Hf7 B6 Cu1 HITPERM alloy was investigated as the candidate of soft magnetic material for high temperature applications, compared with Fe86 Hf7B6 Cu1 NANOPERM alloy. Amorphous alloy ribbons were prepared by single-roller melt-spinning technology. Crystallization process of as-quenched ribbon was investigated using differential scanning calorimeter at different heating rates. The coercivity was determined from quasi-static hysteresis loop measured at room temperature using a computerized hysteresis loop tracer. X-ray diffraction with Cu Kα radiation was used to determine the structure. The vibrating sample magnetometer was usedto measure the magnetization as a function of temperature of the nanocrystllized alloys. That Co substitution for Fein alloy enhances the Curie temperature of amorphous alloy and the magnetization of nanocrystalline alloy at hightemperature. After annealing amorphous precursor, the optimum nanocrystalline alloy obtained shows the local minimum coercivity. The coercivity increases with the increasing annealing temperature corresponding to the formation of ferromagnetic phase in the secondary crystallization.     

Fe78-2xCrxMoxSn2P10Si4B4C2(x＝2,4)块体非晶合金的制备和性能

本文用铜模上吸铸法制备Fe78-2xCrxMoxSn2P10Si4B4C2(x=2，4，原子百分比)块体非晶合金系列，制备出直径达2．5mm的Fe74Cr2Mo2Sn2P10Si4B4C2非晶合金棒材和直径达2mm的Fe74Cr2Mo2Sn2P10Si4B4C2非晶合金棒材。发现Fe74Cr2Mo2Sn2P10Si4B4C2具有32K的超冷液相区和高达0．61的约化玻璃转变温度，具有很强的玻璃形成能力。当x=2和x=4时非晶合金的居里温度分别为538K和455K，饱和磁感应强度分别为1．06T和0．71T。     

电脉冲孕育处理对Zr基块体非晶热稳定性及退火晶化的影响

通过先对Zr55Ni5Al10Cu30合金熔体施加脉冲电流处理,再利用非真空吸铸法制备出Zr55Ni5Al10Cu30块体非晶合金的方式,研究了电脉冲孕育处理对非晶热稳定性及退火晶化的影响。差分扫描量热(DSC)及X射线衍射(XRD)分析结果表明:经电脉冲孕育处理后Zr55Ni5Al10Cu30块体非晶合金的玻璃转变温度上升,晶化温度降低,过冷液相区变窄,同时玻璃转变激活能和晶化激活能有所减少。电脉冲孕育处理没有改变Zr55Ni5Al10Cu30块体非晶合金退火晶化相演变过程,但提高了非晶退火晶化率。电脉冲孕育处理对Zr55Ni5Al10Cu30块体非晶合金的晶化起到了促进作用。     

Microstructure and thermal expansion of copper-based amorphous alloys during structural relaxation

(Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2 amorphous alloy bar was prepared by the arc melting copper mold absorption casting method,and then,the amorphous alloy was annealed at different temperatures for different times.The influence of heating rate on thermal expansion and thermal stability was studied by thermomechanical analysis(TMA),and the microstructure evolution of the amorphous alloy during structural relaxation and crystallization was studied by XRD and TEM.Results show that the structural evolution behavior of the(Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2 amorphous alloy can be divided into five different stages(structural relaxation preparation stage,structural relaxation stage,first crystallization stage,second crystallization stage,and grain growth stage).When the heating rate is 20 K/min,the amorphous alloy has the smallest thermal expansion coefficient and the best thermal stability.The width of the supercooled liquid region is 66.42 K.Samples with different relaxation states were prepared by annealing at the heating rate of 20 K/min.The structural evolution of amorphous alloys with different relaxation states is as follows:amorphous→CuZr2+AlCu2Zr7→CuZr2+AlCu2Zr7+CuZr(B2)+CuZr(M)+Cu10Zr7→CuZr2+AlCu2Zr7+CuZr(B2)+CuZr(M).After annealing at 706 K and 726 K(in the supercooled liquid region)for 1.5 h,the amorphous-nanocrystalline composites were obtained.When the annealing temperature is 706 K,the crystallization process of the sample is as follows:amorphous→Cu10Zr7→Cu10Zr7+CuZr,and for the sample at 726 K,it is as follows:amorphous→CuZr2+AlCu2Zr7+Cu10Zr7→Cu10Zr7+CuZr2→CuZr2+CuZr(B2)+Cu10Zr7.     

热处理对Fe61Co10Zr5W4B20块体非晶合金显微硬度与压缩强度的影响

通过铜模吸铸法获得直径为2mm的Fe61Co10Zr5W4B20块体非晶合金.采用X射线衍射（XRD）、示差扫描量热（DSC）、显微硬度及压缩试验等方法研究了非晶合金的结构、热稳定性,特别是等温热处理对其显微硬度与压缩强度的影响.结果表明,Fe61Co10Zr5W4B20非晶合金的显微硬度为1207HV0.2,压缩强度σbc为1707.6MPa.当等温热处理温度低于晶化起始温度时,硬度不随热处理时间的增长而变化;但在高于晶化峰值温度时,硬度值随时间变化先升后降.在热处理时间相同的条件下,随着处理温度的升高,合金的硬度增大,但压缩强度会逐步减小.     

Ni合金化对Finemet合金热稳定性及软磁性能的影响

通过铜辊甩带法制备了成分为Fe_73.5-xSi_13.5B₉Cu₁Nb₃Ni_x(x=0、1、2、3)的非晶带材,并对其进行退火处理。利用XRD、DSC、VSM和软磁直流测试仪等对带材的相结构、热稳定性以及软磁性能进行测试分析。结果表明,所制备合金带材淬火态下均为完全非晶结构,经560 ℃保温60 min退火处理后,合金中形成了非晶和α-Fe(Si)纳米晶双相共存结构。随着Ni含量的增加,整体上非晶带材的一级起始晶化温度T_s1和二级起始晶化温度T_s2先减小后增大,两级起始晶化温度之差ΔT_s整体呈下降的趋势,由166.0 ℃下降至132.8 ℃,热稳定性降低。淬火态下,Ni元素的添加使得非晶带材的软磁性能有所恶化。经退火处理后,带材的软磁性能明显提升,当Ni含量x=1时,具有较好的软磁性能,其饱和磁化强度为157.7 emu/g,矫顽力为6.8 Oe。     

Crystallization Behavior and Magnetic Properties of （Fe0.6Co0.4）86Hf7B6Cu1 Alloy

(Fe0.6Co0.4)86HfTB6Cu1 nanocrystalline alloy obtained in isothermal annealing process from amorphous precursor was investigated as candidate of soft magnetic materials for high temperature applications. Co substitution for Fe can enhance the curie temperature of amorphous alloy (Tc = 630℃) and improve the magnetization of nanocrystalline alloy at high temperature ( ≈ 1.56T at 550℃). After annealing amorphous precursor at 550℃ for 1 hour, the optimum nanocrystalline alloy can be obtained which shows the local minimum coercivity ( ≈ 16 A/m). The coercivity increases with the increase of annealing temperature corresponding to the formation of ferromagnetic phase in the secondary crystallization. Furthermore, additions of Hf and B elements reduce the melting temperature of the alloy studied comparing with the Fe-Co binary alloy.     

Structural properties and evaluation of crystal fraction by cryogenic heat capacity measurements of Fe-based nanocrystalline alloy

An amorphous Fe_73.5Cu₁Nb₃Si_13.5B₉ alloy was prepared by the rapid solidification technique. The rapidly quenched alloys have been annealed in the temperature range from 490 to 550 °C for 90 min and their structure was investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD). After annealing, at crystallization temperature, the microstructure of the samples composed of nanocrystalline Fe₃Si grains surrounded by the residual amorphous phase. The crystal fractions of the annealed samples were evaluated by heat capacity measurements. Heat capacities of the as-quenched and annealed samples were measured at different temperatures between 15 and 40 K. This method is useful for evaluating small changes in the amount of crystalline phase and provides a new tool for finding the nanocrystalline fraction. The volume fraction of the crystalline phase increased from 15.92 to 94.21% as annealing temperature increased from 490 to 550 °C.     

Ferro-paramagnetic transition in a Fe-Ni-Si-B alloy in amorphous and crystalline states

The effect of annealing of an initially amorphous Fe-Ni-Si-B alloy (2HCP) on its Curie temperature for the amorphous and crystalline states has been studied. Annealing at temperatures that correspond to the region of existence of the amorphous phase was found to lead to an increase in the Curie temperature as the annealing temperature increases up to the temperature of the onset of crystallization. The dependence of variations in the Curie temperature on the annealing temperature is described by an exponential function that indicates the development of temperature-activated processes directly in the amorphous phase. In the case of annealing at temperatures above the crystallization temperature, the Curie temperature of the crystalline phase increases with increasing annealing temperature.     

Zr57Nb5Cul5．4Nil2．6Al10大块非晶合金的晶化动力学及显微硬度

采用铜模铸造法制备直径10mm的圆柱状Zr57Nb5Cu15.4Ni12.6Al10大块非晶合金，并用X射线衍射(XRD)证明其为完全非晶态。应用示差扫描量热(DSC)分析方法测定该合金的玻璃转变的热学参量并分析其晶化过程。利用Kissinger法和Ozawa法计算了大块非晶合金表观晶化激活能。同时研究了退火温度对非晶合金显微硬度的影响。     

Zr-基块体非晶合金近玻璃转变温度热处理后的组织与性能

选择在非晶合金的玻璃转变温度与晶化起始温度间的较低温度对Zr57Cu15.4Ni12.6Al10Nb5块体非晶合金进行了等温热处理，用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、显微硬度计与压缩试验，研究了等温热过程中非晶合金的组织结构变化及其对显微硬度与压缩性能的影响。结果表明，在近晶化温度下，一定时间的热处理会引起非晶合金的晶化。而在近玻璃转变温度下，较长时间的热处理也不会引起非晶合金出现明显的晶化和组织变化；但随着热处理时间的增长，合金的显微硬度有增大趋势，合金的压缩强度明显下降，断口形貌变化显著，断裂方式也逐渐由非晶态的断裂方式向晶态的断裂方式转变。     

Thermal stability of Zr_(55)Al_(10)Ni_5Cu_(30)bulk amorphous alloy during continuous heating and isothermal annealing

1　INTRODUCTIONBulkamorphousalloyspossessalongrangedis orderbutshortrangeorderstructure ,whichresem blesthestructureofliquid .Andthereisasupercooledliquidregionbeforecrystallizationofabulkamor phousalloy .Thisuniquestructureresultsinexcellentpropertiessuchashightensilestrength ,highhard ness,highimpactfractureenergy ,highelasticener gy ,highcorrosionresistance ,highviscousflowabilityandgoodsoftmagnetism[13] .Thesynthesisofmetallicglassesinabulkform (withthickness >1mm )wassuccessfullyachi…     

Effect of crystallization on corrosion resistance of Cu52.5Ti30Zr11.5Ni6 bulk amorphous alloy

The effects of crystallization on the corrosion resistance of a Cu52.5Ti30Zr11.5Ni6 bulk amorphous alloy in 1 mol/L HCI, and 6 mol/L NaOH solutions were studied. The amorphous alloy was identified by differential thermal analysis（DSC） and by X-ray diffraction（XRD）. The partially and fully crystallized alloys were prepared by controlling the annealing temperatures at 738 and 873 K for 1 and 12 min, respectively, and the corrosion resistances of those annealed alloys were compared with that of the amorphous alloy by immersion test and potentiodynamic measurements in 1 mol/L HCl and 6 mol/L NaOH solutions. The results show that the partially crystallized alloy exhibits high corrosion resistance, whereas full crystallization results in deteriorated corrosion resistance compared with that of the as-cast amorphous alloy.     

Zr-Ti-Cu-Ni-Be大块非晶合金等温晶化过程相分离研究

利用差示扫描量热法(DSC)和透射电镜(TEM)对Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5(at％)大块非晶合金的等温晶化过程和析出相进行了研究。结果表明，大块非晶合金在等温晶化过程中表现出多阶段相析出行为，并且在不同的晶化阶段，析出相也有所不同。在第1个晶化阶段，析出相主要是体心四方(b.c．t)结构的Zr2Cu相；而在晶化的第2个阶段，晶化相主要为简单六方结构的ZrBe2相。从一定程度上证实了Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5大块非晶合金在发生晶化时会形成富Zr区和富Be区，即有相分离的趋势。XRD测试的结果也证实了非晶合金在发生完全晶化时，主要的晶化产物为Zr2Cu和ZrBe2相。     

Mg_(80)Cu_(15)Y_5合金的非晶形成能力及晶化行为

采用单辊快速凝同法制备出厚约40μm的Mg_(80)Cu_(15)Y_5非品合金薄带,利用XRD、DSC、TEM和HRTEM研究了非品合金的非品形成能力和晶化行为,分析了品化对合金组织结构与性能的影响.结果表明:Mg_(80)Cu_(15)Y_5合金的过冷液态温度区间△T_x和约化玻璃转变温度T_(rg)分别为55K和0.58,表明其具有较强的非晶形成能力;该合金在退火温度高于473 K后发牛明显晶化,从非品基体中析出 Mg_2Cu、Cu_2Y和Mg晶体相;随着退火温度的升高,合金的硬度呈现出先升高后降低的变化趋势,这与纳米品体相颗粒的弥散析出、重溶及粗化有关.