汽车前门铰链成形质量分析及实验研究

本文以汽车前门铰链加强件零件在成形过程中所产生的破裂、起皱问题为研究对象,通过板料成形分析软件DYNAFORM进行数值模拟.研究了不同的工艺补充和加强筋布置对零件冲压成形的影响.结果显示,采用合理工艺优化能有效地控制破裂、起皱缺陷,从而验证了新方案的合理性和可行性.通过进一步研究不同角度下的加强筋对起皱趋势的影响规律,获得了布置加强筋合理的角度值为10°,使其起皱部分的材料最小变薄率由-5.5%增为15.6%.最终按此优化的型面应用到实际冲压中,成功获得了合格产品.     

上片成形工艺及模具设计

通过对上片零件的分析 ,确定了成形工艺方案和模具结构 ,解决了在成形过程中的材料起皱、开裂和窜动等问题     

侧围外板后保险杠处成形缺陷问题解决方案

针对侧围外板后保险杠处起皱和开裂问题,通过CAE成形分析找出问题产生的原因,并对拉深工艺、零件造型、工艺排布等进行优化,改善成形过程,解决了零件起皱和开裂问题。     

汽车面罩框成形中工艺切口设计

汽车面罩框零件具有大的结构孔,成形时金属流动比较复杂.通过数值模拟方法分析发现,零件产生破裂的原因主要是外部起皱引起的破裂及内部胀形引起的破裂,通过合理调整拉延筋和开设工艺切口解决零件破裂问题,由于工艺切口开设的不确定性,需合理开设工艺切口的位置及大小,同时避免工艺切口处的径向撕裂,最终在实际生产中得到合格零件,验证了...     

汽车侧围外板成形仿真及工艺优化

结合汽车侧围外板成形工艺难点及特征,采用经验设计和数值模拟相结合的方法,制定了零件成形工艺方案。运用数值模拟软件对零件拉深成形进行模拟和分析,分析了零件产生翻边开裂、起皱的原因,采取有效措施优化零件成形工艺,成功解决了零件存在的质量问题,可为类似零件成形工艺方案的制定提供参考。     

基于DYNAFORM的内高压成形中预成形工艺改进

对复杂形状空心构件内高压成形工艺进行了数字模拟研究。采用有限元模拟,对矩形截面空心零件弯曲部位在内高压成形过程中产生起皱、破裂等缺陷进行了分析;针对矩形截面空心件弯曲部位,提出采用椭圆截面充液预成形的方法,控制起皱、破裂缺陷的产生,成形质量较理想。并通过试验进行了验证,采用较低压力可以改善内高压成形过程中材料的分布、提高材料的成形极限、控制缺陷产生并提高产品质量。     

难成形材料复杂型面零件充液成形失稳控制研究

探讨了充液成形过程中,关键工艺参数之一的液室压力大小对起皱和破裂两种失稳现象的作用和影响规律.从应力、应变、减薄率和FLD曲线等方面研究了液室压力对起皱和失稳现象的影响.首先模拟液室压力为12 MPa时的成形过程,分析了起皱的原因,再通过加大压力对起皱进行控制;而后模拟液室压力为35 MPa时的成形过程,分析了破裂的原因,再通过减小压力对破裂进行控制;最后利用难成形航空材料2B06-M进行实验验证,得到了成形此零件的合理压力范围18～25 MPa.     

汽车顶盖前横梁拉延成形工艺数值模拟分析

汽车顶盖前横梁零件的拉延成形容易出现大面积成形不足、局部起皱和破裂。采用有限元分析软件Dynaform对零件拉延成形进行数值模拟,研究该零件拉延成形不足、起皱和破裂的原因及解决措施。研究结果表明,合理的拉延筋设置和压边力调整可以解决零件拉延成形不足、起皱和破裂的问题;汽车顶盖前横梁的拉延成形最佳模具设计参数及成形参数组合为:压边力1000 k N,并需设置半圆形拉延筋,摩擦系数取0.13,凸凹模间隙取0.88。最后通过生产实际结果验证了模拟参数组合的可行性。     

双曲率薄壁铝合金盒形件充液成形工艺

双曲率薄壁铝合金盒形件是一种常见的飞机内蒙皮类钣金零件。针对目标零件采用传统落压成形过程中存在的生产效率低、表面质量差的问题,采用充液成形工艺成形该类零件,其目的在于提高零件表面质量并降低模具成本。通过数值模拟软件,建立了双曲率薄壁铝合金盒形件主动式充液成形的有限元模型,通过分析液室压力、压边力加载路径、润滑条件等因素对零件成形性的影响,对零件成形的起皱和破裂情况进行分析,优化确定最佳的工艺参数。并依据优化后的工艺参数进行了现场实验,利用数值模拟技术分析和解决了现场实验零件的质量问题,成功制造出合格零件,进一步验证了工艺方案及工艺参数的可行性。     

航空发动机高锥体零件充液成形工艺

针对航空发动机中典型的难成形高锥体零件进行充液成形工艺研究。通过单拉试验获得材料的应力-应变曲线等材料性能参数,基于有限元薄板分析软件进行数值模拟,通过优化工艺参数和坯料尺寸来控制前段弧面起皱且保证拉伸到位。利用预拉伸—热处理工艺—终拉伸来抑制直臂段圆度。最后,根据数值分析结果和现场零件拉伸的现象来反复修正工艺参数,达到一个稳定的拉伸参数。通过试验数据与现有工艺参数相比可知,高锥体零件充液成形与传统刚性拉伸成形相比,材料成形极限提高4%;零件的轮廓度达到0. 1 mm,周期缩短了20%,零件合格率达到99%;解决了传统拉伸刚性工艺中存在的起皱和破裂、圆度误差大等问题。     

球形件整体成形充液胀形技术

针对球形件整体成形中的充液胀形工艺,分析中间序零件的特点,制定成形工艺方法,通过数值模拟和实际试验,研究补料量、胀形压力对零件成形的影响,并通过数值模拟分析与试验结果进行对比分析,证明了数值模拟可以给试验提供正确方向,说明数值模拟的准确性。球形件成形补料量对零件成形精度影响较大,如果补料量过大,则成形过程中会出现环形堆料、起皱等问题;如果补料量不足,则导致零件减薄增大,甚至出现破裂。此外,在合理的补料量条件下,需要根据不同合模阶段建立合理的胀形压力,如果胀形压力建立不合理,同样会出现减薄过大、起皱、堆料等问题。     

椭球封头冷拉深缺陷分析

起皱、局部壁厚过度减薄是封头冷拉深常见的缺陷,严重制约着拉深封头质量、成形极限的提高以及生产过程的正常进行。文章采用ABAQUS软件建立椭球封头拉深成形的三维有限元模型,并验证该模型的可靠性;发现了椭球封头拉深过程中易于出现的悬空区起皱和过度减薄两种缺陷,并分析了其形成机理,同时研究了工艺参数对缺陷产生的影响规律。研究发现,悬空区承受双向压应力区域的范围与周向压应力的大小对起皱影响明显,而切向拉应力对壁厚的减薄影响显著。增大压边力、摩擦系数和减小凹模圆角半径,可减小悬空区承受双向压应力区域的面积和周向压应力值,进而减小起皱的倾向,而过大的压边力、摩擦系数和过小的凹模圆角半径,则导致悬空区切向拉应力过大,可加剧壁厚的减薄。     

基于Autoform的汽车覆盖件拉深成形数值模拟研究

以典型覆盖件(汽车外轮罩)为研究对象,板料三维成形分析软件Autoform为平台,研究了板料与凸模、凹模的摩擦、压边力、拉深筋等因素对成形性能的影响。通过Autoform的成形仿真预测板料成形过程中减薄、拉裂、起皱等缺陷,同时分析缺陷产生的原因,进而优化板料成形工艺参数和改进模具结构。     

Effect of blank holder pressure on viscous pressure forming aluminum alloy ladder parts

Viscous pressure forming (VPF), is suitable for forming difficult-to-form sheet metal parts. An investigation in the effect of blank holder pressure(BFIP) on VPF aluminum alloy ladder parts was conducted. Based on experimental and numerical simulation results of the effect of BFIP on dimensional accuracy, wall-thickness reduction, forming pressure, material flow and defects (such as wrinkling and fracture) of specimens, the effect patterns of BFIP load path on VPF ladder parts were explained. The limits of BFIP corresponding to specimens with no defect and with wrinkling or fracture defect were determined. In the limits of formable BFIP, the variable load path of BFIP was beneficial to drawing blank into the die and decreasing wall-thickness reduction of specimens. The experimental results show that the ladder parts of good surface fineness and high dimensional accuracy can be obtained by variable load paths of BHP.     

扁管面内绕弯成形起皱的仿真与试验分析

文章研究一种扁管的面内弯曲加工。扁管面内绕弯成形是一个受材料性能和工艺参数等诸多因素影响的复杂变形过程,在成形过程中极易产生起皱等缺陷,导致成形质量难以保证。文章针对起皱的多个影响因素进行试验设计,并建立有限元模型,对成形过程进行数值模拟。研究了各个因素对起皱的影响规律,并给出使扁管起皱较小的各因素的参数设计。研究结果对扁管面内绕弯成形过程工艺参数的选取,提供了理论依据。     

Eliminating springback error in U-shaped part forming by variable blankholder force

Springback is the main concern in U-shaped part forming, which would adversely affect desired part geometries. The use of variable blankholder force in the forming process is one effective method to reduce springback. However, there has not been a systematic way to determine the blankholder force trajectory. In this article, a methodology of obtaining this blankholder force trajectory in forming a U-shaped part that considers the wrinkling limit and fracture limit in the forming process was proposed. The method was validated numerically by using the Finite Element Method to simulate the benchmark of a 2-D draw bending problem in NUMISHEET’93. With the calculated blankholder force trajectory, higher forming quality was obtained and compared with constant blankholder force cases. Springback was kept at a minimum while avoiding cracking.     

激光拼焊板制轿车门内板冲压成形的数值模拟

利用Dynaform软件对激光拼焊制轿车门内板进行了冲压成形数值模拟,分析了冲压成形过程中出现的拉裂、起皱、变形不充分和焊缝移动量过大等严重影响产品质量的成形缺陷产生的原因,采用正交实验法对拉深工艺参数和模面结构参数进行设计,提出选择最佳压边力、设置拉深筋高度合理、改善润滑条件等优化方案,可以改善成形质量;采用二次拉深成形工艺,能有效改善起皱、拉裂、焊缝移动和成形不充分等缺陷。实际的工艺设计和生产证明,成形过程与数值模拟实验结果吻合良好。     

Prediction of fracture limits of Ni–Cr based alloy under warm forming condition using ductile damage models and numerical method

The stretch forming and the deep-drawing processes were carried out at 300 and 673 K to determine the safe forming and fracture limits of IN625 alloy. The experimentally obtained strain-based fracture forming limit diagram (FFLD) was transformed into a stress-based (σ-FFLD) and effective plastic strain (EPS) vs triaxiality (η) plot to remove the excess dependency of fracture limits over the strains. For the prediction of fracture limits, seven different damage models were calibrated. The Oh model displayed the best ability to predict the fracture locus with the least absolute error. Though the experimentally obtained fracture limits have only been used for the numerical analysis, none of the considered damage models predicted the fracture strains over the entire considered range of stress triaxiality (0.33<η<0.66). The deep drawing process window helped to determine wrinkling, safe and fracture zones while drawing the cylindrical cups under different temperature and lubricating conditions. Further, the highest drawing ratio of 2 was achieved at 673 K under the lubricating condition. All the numerically predicted results of both stretch forming and deep drawing processes using the Hill 1948 anisotropic yielding function were found to be good within the acceptable range of error.     

5A06铝合金端板构件成形工艺优化

所研究的铝合金端板构件为端部异向翻折零件,成形过程中局部极易产生起皱和破裂等缺陷。针对端板构件成形过程中存在的起皱及成形精度差等问题,通过对模具结构进行优化设计,实现了单道次整体成形,提高了产品的整体性及成形质量;同时,通过有限元模拟分析,选取合理的坯料形状,解决了零件成形过程中的开裂问题,并进行了试验验证。结果表明:与无顶板的传统凸、凹模结构相比,采用带凹模顶板的优化结构时,端板构件过渡区域起皱现象得到有效缓解,最大增厚率减少至6.7%;采用过渡圆角为R50 mm的凸耳结构坯料时,端板构件过渡区域最大减薄率减少至12.11%。     

Shape controlling and property optimization of TA32 titanium alloy thin-walled part prepared by hot forming

The hot flow behaviors, microstructure evolution and fractographs were studied to optimize the hot forming process of the TA32 titanium alloy thin-walled part. A set of microstructure-based constitutive equations were developed based on the experimental data, which described the relationships among the hot flow stresses and the evolution of phase volume fraction, dislocation density, grain size and damage. The constitutive model was imported into ABAQUS 6.14 to simulate the hot forming process for a typical thin-walled part. The effective strain, dislocation density and damage distribution as well as forming defects of formed parts under different process parameters were predicted. A qualified part without wrinkling and fracture defects was produced at a loading speed of 5 mm/s at 800 °C by the modified blank shape, where the maximum damage value was only 18.3%. The accuracy of constitutive model and finite element (FE) simulation was verified by the microhardness tests, which indicates that the FE model based on physical internal-state variables can well optimize the hot forming process of TA32 titanium alloy complex parts.