石榴皮染料对阳离子改性棉织物的染色性能研究

针对石榴皮染料难以上染棉织物,各项染色牢度差等问题,选用3-氯-2-羟基丙基三甲基氯化铵(CHPTAC)对棉织物进行阳离子化改性,用石榴皮染料进行染色,并优化了染色工艺条件。结果表明,当染色温度为70℃,时间为60 min,pH为7,染料用量为25%(o.w.f)时,石榴皮染料染色阳离子改性棉织物的K/S值由2.6提高至23.9,染色织物的耐皂洗变色牢度和沾色牢度均为5级,耐干、湿摩擦色牢度分别为5级、4级。     

石榴皮染料对阳离子改性棉织物的染色性能研究

针对石榴皮染料难以上染棉织物,各项染色牢度差等问题,选用3-氯-2-羟基丙基三甲基氯化铵(CHPTAC)对棉织物进行阳离子化改性,用石榴皮染料进行染色,并优化了染色工艺条件。结果表明,当染色温度为70℃,时间为60 min,pH为7,染料用量为25%(o.w.f)时,石榴皮染料染色阳离子改性棉织物的K/S值由2.6提高至23.9,染色织物的耐皂洗变色牢度和沾色牢度均为5级,耐干、湿摩擦色牢度分别为5级、4级。     

活性染料对莲纤维的染色性能研究

为了了解活性染料对莲纤维的染色性能,采用单因素分析法,在改变温度、浴比、时间、元明粉浓度、纯碱浓度等工艺条件下,分别采用两种不同类型的活性染料对莲纤维进行染色,并测试其上染率、固色率、耐皂洗色牢度和耐汗渍色牢度。结果表明:活性大红X-3B上染莲纤维的最佳染色工艺为染色温度40℃,染液浴比1∶40,染色时间60 min,元明粉质量浓度20 g/L,纯碱质量浓度30 g/L;活性嫩黄X-7G上染莲纤维的最佳染色工艺为染色温度40℃,染液浴比1∶50,染色时间60 min,元明粉质量浓度10 g/L,纯碱质量浓度20 g/L;活性染料耐皂洗色牢度和耐汗渍色牢度都在3级以上。     

交联改性壳聚糖在棉织物活性染料染色中的应用

采用交联改性降解壳聚糖对棉织物进行接枝改性,考察壳聚糖接枝改性对棉织物雷马素活性染料染色性能的影响.结果表明:棉织物经壳聚糖改性后,增加了织物表面对染料阴离子的亲和力和固着力,上染率和K/S值都有所提升,其固色率也有很大提高,均达80%以上;经雷马素红RR和雷马素黄RR染色后,改性棉织物的干、湿摩擦牢度和耐皂洗褪色同未改性棉织物一样,分别为4、3~4和4级,耐皂洗沾色降低半级,为3~4级.用雷马素蓝RR染色后,改性棉织物干摩擦牢度提高半级,达4级,湿摩擦牢度和耐皂洗等级同未改性棉织物一样,分别为3~4和4级.     

乙醇-水体系中活性染料无盐低碱染色技术的探索

采用活性染料在乙醇-水混合溶剂体系中对棉织物进行染色、固色,探讨了碱预溶胀和一浴两步法两种染色方式及固色碱的种类、浓度、固色温度等对染色性能的影响,并与传统染色工艺比较。结果表明：在乙醇-水染色体系中,随着乙醇比例的增加,上染率增加;使用氢氧化钠和碳酸钠两种碱预溶胀棉织物后,相同浓度下,碳酸钠的固色率高于氢氧化钠,而且氢氧化钠的固色率随着浓度的增加而减小;一浴二步法染色中,采用80%体积分数的乙醇-水体系染色更符合实际生产的需求,氢氧化钠的适宜固色浓度为2g/L,碳酸钠的适宜固色浓度为3g/L;在乙醇水体系染色中,不需加盐,碱使用量为常规染色的1/10时,上染率为97%,固色率比常规染色高出9%~20%。     

香蕉纤维的活性红3BS染色

研究了香蕉纤维的活性红3BS染色工艺.分析了染料浓度、氯化钠用量、碳酸钠用量、固色温度和固色时间等单因素对上染率、固色率的影响,通过正交实验确定了香蕉纤维活性红3BS的优化染色工艺,即活性红3BS 1％(o.w.f.),氯化钠用量55 g/L,碳酸钠用量15 g/L,70℃固色40 min.结果 表明,活性红3BS上染...     

Megafix BES活性染料在棉织物上的应用

通过正交试验确定三只Megafix BES活性染料的工艺参数，对其色牢度、鲜艳度、色深值、色差值进行了测试。实验结果表明，这三只Megafix BES染料染棉织物适合的工艺为：染浴浓度2％；元明粉30g/l：纯碱15g/l;初染温度60℃；染色时间30分钟，固色温度70℃；固色时间50分钟：浴比1：25。     

多元羧酸与指甲醌染料交联染棉的结构及性能

为了提高天然染料对棉纤维的染色固色性能,以聚马来酸(PMA)和柠檬酸(CA)为交联剂应用于天然染料指甲醌对棉织物的交联染色.采用FTIR、XRD和SEM分析了染色前后棉织物的表面形态及结构,探讨了酯交联对棉织物性能的影响以及多元羧酸复配交联染色机理.结果表明,染色前后棉织物表面差别不大,各纤维间不粘连;直接染色后的棉纤维表面变化不明显,仅有少量染料附着,而交联染色后的棉纤维表面负载较多的染料导致其粗糙度增加,酯化反应主要发生在纤维的无定形区.与直接染色棉织物相比,交联染色棉织物的染色深度(K/S)和上染率分别提高了88％和165％;染品的绿光、黄光增加,颜色饱和度提高;摩擦色牢度提高了1～2级;耐洗色牢度提高了1～2级;交联染色后棉织物的折皱回复角(WRA)提高了约60％,紫外线防护系数(UPF)达到了50+,具有优异的抗紫外性能.     

多元羧酸与指甲醌染料交联染棉的结构及性能

为了提高天然染料对棉纤维的染色固色性能,以聚马来酸（PMA）和柠檬酸（CA）为交联剂应用于天然染料指甲醌对棉织物的交联染色。采用FTIR、SEM和XRD分析了染色前后棉织物的表面形态及结构,探讨了酯交联对棉织物性能的影响以及多元羧酸复配交联染色机理。结果表明,染色前后棉织物表面差别不大,各纤维间不粘连;直接染色后的棉纤维表面变化不明显,仅有少量染料附着,而交联染色后的棉纤维表面负载较多的染料导致其粗糙度增加,酯化反应主要发生在纤维的非晶态区。与直接染色棉织物相比,交联染色棉织物的染色深度（K/S）和上染率分别提高了88%和38%;染品的绿光、黄光增加,颜色饱和度提高;摩擦色牢度提高了1~2级;耐洗色牢度提高了1~2级;交联染色后棉织物的折皱回复角（WRA）提高了约60%,UPF值达到了50+,具有优异的抗紫外性能。     

棉织物低温漂白与活性染色一浴的研究

本文利用柠檬酸钠良好的pH调节及缓冲性能,构建了TBCC/H_2O_2/Na_3C_6H_5O_7低温中性活化漂白体系,同时利用该体系中的柠檬酸钠来充当棉织物活性染色中的促染剂,构建了低温漂白与活性染色一浴的新工艺。实验结果表明:新的低温中性活化漂白体系具有良好的漂白效果,棉针织物的CIE白度值可达到71以上;漂染一浴新工艺下染色棉织物的色深不如常规两浴,但却具有同样良好的各项色牢度,同时,在染色过程让上染和固色两步同时进行,可达到更好的染色效果。该工艺在降低对纤维损伤的同时能减少耗能以及废液对环境的污染,为后续漂染一浴研究提供新思路。     

安诺素ECO活性染料在纯棉绒类织物上的染色工艺探讨

本文主要对安诺素ECO活性染料在纯棉绒类织物上的染色工艺进行了探讨。并与普通M型活性染料进行了染色效果的对比。结果表明:安诺素ECO活性染料对改善纯棉绒类织物在染色过程中出现的绒底异色、白芯等染色疵病有较好的效果,染色牢度能达到客户的要求。     

Synthesis of an amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer and its application in reactive dyeing on cotton as a salt-free dyeing auxiliary

A water-soluble amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer was synthesised from methyl acrylate and diethylene triamine by melt polycondensation. Its molecular weight and possible structure were characterised by gel permeation chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The zeta potential of cotton fabrics treated with the aqueous solution of the amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer (6 g dm⁻³) in the presence of citric acid (2 g dm⁻³) and sodium hypophosphite (3 g dm⁻³) of the liquid phase is positive at pHs lower than 7.5. Dyed with reactive dyes, the treated cotton fabric displayed a markedly enhanced colour strength, even when dyeing had been carried out in the absence of the electrolyte. The washing fastness, rubbing fastness and levelling properties of the dyed, treated cotton fabrics were also good compared with that obtained by conventional dyeing. The dyeing behaviour of Reactive Brilliant Yellow A-4GLN on treated cotton fabric was examined and found to follow a Langmuir-type adsorption curve. It is concluded that the amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer can be used as a salt-free auxiliary in reactive dyeing on cotton.     

核桃青皮醇提物对棉织物染色性能的研究

为解决天然染料核桃青皮染色色调单一的问题,以颜色特征值和染色牢度为指标,通过单因素和正交实验优化了影响染色效果的温度、时间、pH值及核桃青皮色素染液的质量浓度等因素,比较了单金属盐的不同媒染方法和双金属盐复配对纯棉织物染色性能的影响。结果表明,核桃青皮色素染色的优化条件为：温度90oC、质量浓度71.40 g/L、染浴pH=4.0、时间140 min。核桃青皮提取液染色棉织物色谱的范围广,耐摩擦牢度好;耐皂洗牢度上单金属盐媒染是后媒＞前媒＞同浴＞直接染色,双金属盐复配及Fe3+、Fe2+、Cu2+、Al3+、Cr6+等单金属盐媒染的耐皂洗色牢度均能达到3级以上。X-射线衍射分析表明棉织物内部结构未受影响,Fe3+、Fe2+、Cr6+、Sr2+、Na+和K+等单金属盐和Fe2+/Cu2+、Fe2+/Ti4+、Cu2+/Ti4+、Cu2+/Sn2+、Al3+/Cr6+、Cr6+/Ti4+和Cr6+/Sn2+等双金属盐媒染后的棉织物紫外线防护能力增强。     

A method for dyeing cotton fabric with anthocyanin dyes extracted from mulberry (Morus rubra) fruits

For the first time, the natural anthocyanin dyes (mainly consisting of cyanidine 3‐glycoside) extracted from mulberry (Morus rubra) fruits has been successfully used to dye cotton fabric, with a dyeing property performance good enough for potential commercial applications. In this study, succinic acid was firstly incorporated into cotton fabrics by esterification to the hydroxyl groups of cellulose, forming an anionic site for the dyes. The performance of the modified material was characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and tensile strength. Results showed that the tensile strength of cotton fabrics was mostly retained after modification. The anthocyanin extracts from mulberry fruits were used to study the dyeability of the control and modified cotton fabrics. Red and deep purple (aubergine) are two main shades of cotton fabrics dyed with mulberry fruit extracts. Most importantly, aubergine shade is rare in cotton fabrics dyed with natural dyes. Modification with succinic acid clearly increased the colour strength of the dyed cotton fabric. The colour strength of dyed cotton fabric was improved from 2.7 to 5.3 in the case of dyeing without mordants, and from 3.2 to 6.9 in the case of dyeing with tin mordanting. Meanwhile, the colour fastness was improved by 0.5–2 grades with increasing succinic acid concentration in the finish solution. The colour fastness to perspiration, crocking, light, and washing of fabric dyed with simultaneous tin mordanting and modified with 30 g l^?1 of succinic acid was found to be acceptable, with a grey scale grade of at least 3. As for home laundering, neutral soapy solution was more acceptable than alkaline soapy solution.     

咖啡炭改性涤盖棉针织面料的染色工艺

针对咖啡炭改性涤盖棉面料染色均匀性差、涤棉色差大等问题,在不同染色工艺条件下对织物染色,通过对比试验,测试各种染色条件下织物的性能,优选出最佳染色工艺,得到染色均匀性好、涤棉染色色差小、色牢度高、强力损失小的咖啡炭改性涤盖棉针织染色面料。     

Fixation of reactive dyes using radio-frequency energy

Radio-frequency (r.f.) energy has been used to increase the fixation rate of reactive dyes on cotton fabric in pad-batch dyeing. A parallel-plate r.f. applicator was used to heat batches of fabric containing reactive dye formulations. The time required for fixation of the dyes was reduced from several hours to a few minutes by heating the fabric in the radio-frequency field. Reactive dyes incorporating three different types of reactive groups, vinylsulphone, nicotinic acid, and mixed vinylsulphone/ monochlorotriazine were studied and found to be applicable using the hot pad-batch method. The colour yield and wash fastness of dyeings with the vinylsulphone/monochlorotriazine bifunctional dyes using r.f.-assisted fixation was equal or superior to those of dyeings performed by conventional cold pad-batch dyeing methods.     

Dyeing properties of net‐modified cotton fabric with triazine derivative containing the multireactive and multicationic groups

Cotton fabric was modified with a 1,3,5‐triazine derivative containing the multireactive and multicationic groups, 2,4,6‐tri[(2‐hydroxy‐3‐trimethyl‐ammonium)propyl]‐1,3,5‐triazine chloride (Tri‐HTAC). Compared with unmodified cellulose, the net‐modified cotton cellulose has different dyeing properties. The modified cotton was dyed with reactive dyes without the addition of salt. The color yield was higher than that on unmodified cotton, despite the addition of large amounts of salt in the latter case. After dyeing, compared with unmodified cellulose with reactive dyes, the reflectance spectrums of modified cotton did not change. The modified cotton got better wash fastness than the unmodified cotton. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 4388–4392, 2006     

硫化黑染涤/棉织物的两浴法染色工艺研究

本文研究了固体硫化黑染料对涤/棉织物的染色工艺,讨论了硫化黑染料和分散黑染料用量、染棉和染涤的先后顺序、是否经过前处理等工艺对涤/棉织物染色深度和染色牢度的影响,结果证明,使用两浴法用硫化黑染涤/棉的染色效果很好,并且可省去前处理工艺.     

Application of a fibre-reactive chitosan derivative to cotton fabric as a zero-salt dyeing auxiliary

Cotton fabric has been treated with a fibre-reactive chitosan derivative containing quaternary ammonium groups, O -acrylamidomethyl- N -[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl]chitosan chloride (NMA-HTCC). Cotton treated with NMA-HTCC has been dyed with direct and reactive dyes without the addition of salt. The colour yield was higher than that on untreated cotton, despite the addition of a large amount salt in the latter case. After dyeing, cotton treated with NMA-HTCC gave better wash fastness than the untreated cotton. The light fastness was however inferior to that on untreated cotton. The antimicrobial activity of cotton treated with NMA-HTCC against Staphylococcus aureus was considerably lower after dyeing, probably due to the antimicrobial effect of the cationic group on NMA-HTCC being blocked by its combination with the anionic dye.     

Pretreatment of cotton fabrics with polyamino carboxylic acids for salt‐free dyeing of cotton with reactive dyes

In this study, polyamino carboxylic acids have been used to improve the dyeability of cotton in a salt‐free reactive dyeing process. These polyamino carboxylic acids were prepared by partial carboxylation of polyvinylamine. Cotton fabric was pretreated with polyamino carboxylic acids and dyed with reactive dyes. The colour strengths of the dyed fabrics were evaluated by measuring the K/S values. The fastness properties (washing, rubbing and light fastness) of the dyed cotton fabrics were also measured. The pretreatment of cotton with polyamino carboxylic acids creates positive charges on the fabric surface. In this way, salt‐free reactive dyeing of cotton or dyeing with only a small amount of electrolyte is possible.