异种材料的搅拌摩擦焊接

进行了铝合金与工业纯铜、铝合金与低碳钢的搅拌摩擦焊接实验。实际焊接了对接接头、丁字接头、搭接接头，观察了焊接接头组织，测量了接头性能。结果表明，用搅拌摩擦焊方法代替熔化焊方法焊接异种材料，可以获得组织致密、无缺陷的接头，接头强度较高，且工艺适应性、结构适应性较好，焊接工艺参数、各组元在焊缝金属中的比例等对形成良好的焊缝有重要的影响。     

LF21板搅拌摩擦焊接头组织与焊接工艺关系的研究

利用搅拌摩擦焊方法对LF21铝合金板进行了焊接实验。分析了接头组织分区情况，探讨了搅拌头尺寸及焊接工艺参数对其接头组织的影响。经过实验得知：焊接时，搅拌头旋转速度为950～1500r／min，焊接速度为23．5-375mm／min，皆可获得接头性能尚可的焊接接头。同时发现，搅拌头旋转速度与焊接速度越小焊缝组织越细小：当两焊板间留有间隙时对焊缝孔洞的形成有一定的影响。     

铝蜂窝板与5A05铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊工艺

文中主要研究铝蜂窝版与5A05铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊工艺,解决了铝蜂窝板搅拌摩擦焊时受搅拌针轴肩压力易塌陷的难题,优化铝蜂窝板焊接接头形式,设计镶嵌式对接接头,进行搅拌摩擦焊工艺试验,分析焊缝力学性能、X射线探伤并观察金相组织,优化搅拌摩擦焊焊接工艺参数,得到了无缺陷、力学性能较好的焊缝.试验结果表明,铝蜂窝板和5A05铝...     

LF5铝合金搅拌摩擦焊工艺及性能研究

搅拌摩擦焊（Friction Stir Welding，简称FSW）是20世纪90年代新出现的一种新型的固态塑化连接工艺。对于用熔化焊难于焊接的有色金属，其应用潜力较大。针对我国常用的LF5铝合金，试验研究了该铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊工艺和主要工艺参数对焊缝成形和接头力学性能的影响。试验表明：当ω/υ为一定值，在一定的工艺范围内，焊缝的机械性能随着ω的增加而增加，当工艺参数取得最佳值时，接头的抗拉强度可达到母材的90%以上，延伸率可达到母材的80%以上。     

6061铝合金搅拌摩擦焊工艺

采用搅拌摩擦焊方法对板厚6mm的6061铝合金板在不同参数下进行焊接,研究6061铝合金搅拌摩擦焊工艺以及主要参数对焊缝成形和接头力学性能的影响,观察焊接接头的金相组织,通过硬度分布测试分析焊接接头的力学不均匀性.结果表明:压入量过大或过小时容易造成焊接接头成形差等缺陷,压入量为0.3 mm时可以获得优质的焊缝成形;搅...     

异种材料的搅拌摩擦焊技术

进行了铝合金与工业纯铜、铝合金与低碳钢的搅拌摩擦焊接实验.实际焊接了对接接头、丁字接头、搭接接头,观察了焊接接头组织,测量了接头性能.结果表明,用搅拌摩擦焊方法代替熔化焊方法焊接异种材料,可以获得组织致密、无缺陷的接头,接头强度较高,且工艺适应性、结构适应性较好,焊接工艺参数、各组元在焊缝金属中的比例等对形成良好的焊缝有重要的影响.     

LF21板搅拌摩擦焊接头组织与焊接工艺关系的研究

利用搅拌摩擦焊方法对LF21铝合金板进行了焊接实验。分析了接头组织分区情况,探讨了搅拌头尺寸及焊接工艺参数对其接头组织的影响。经过实验得知:焊接时,搅拌头旋转速度为950～1500r/min,焊接速度为23.5～375mm/min,皆可获得接头性能尚可的焊接接头。同时发现,搅拌头旋转速度与焊接速度越小焊缝组织越细小;当两焊板间留有间隙时对焊缝孔洞的形成有一定的影响。     

基于田口法的高硅铝合金超高旋转速度搅拌摩擦焊接工艺优化

超高旋转速度搅拌摩擦焊借助超高旋转速度摩擦热量实现了薄板高硅铝合金的连接,这一方法大大降低了搅拌摩擦焊接的轴向力,减小了焊接变形,对焊接薄板铝合金具有独特的优势。文中以焊缝成形质量和焊接接头抗拉强度作为响应值,基于田口法对影响焊接质量的主要焊接工艺参数(旋转速度、焊接速度和下压量)进行试验设计,优化高硅铝合金超高旋转速度搅拌摩擦焊工艺。结果表明,焊接速度和下压量是显著影响因素,最优焊接工艺参数焊接速度为60 cm/min,旋转速度为14 000 r/min,下压量为1.8 mm。这一工艺条件下高硅铝合金超高旋转速度搅拌摩擦焊接接头的最大抗拉强度为129 MPa,达到母材高硅铝合金抗拉强度的97%。     

基于田口法的高硅铝合金超高旋转速度搅拌摩擦焊接工艺优化

超高旋转速度搅拌摩擦焊借助超高旋转速度摩擦热量实现了薄板高硅铝合金的连接,这一方法大大降低了搅拌摩擦焊接的轴向力,减小了焊接变形,对焊接薄板铝合金具有独特的优势。文中以焊缝成形质量和焊接接头抗拉强度作为响应值,基于田口法对影响焊接质量的主要焊接工艺参数(旋转速度、焊接速度和下压量)进行试验设计,优化高硅铝合金超高旋转速度搅拌摩擦焊工艺。结果表明,焊接速度和下压量是显著影响因素,最优焊接工艺参数焊接速度为60 cm/min,旋转速度为14 000 r/min,下压量为1.8 mm。这一工艺条件下高硅铝合金超高旋转速度搅拌摩擦焊接接头的最大抗拉强度为129 MPa,达到母材高硅铝合金抗拉强度的97%。     

焊接工艺参数对LF5铝合金搅拌摩擦焊温度场的影响

以LF5铝合金为研究对象,利用有限元软件MSC.Marc建立了平板对接接头搅拌摩擦焊过程的有限元模型,分析了焊接过程的温度场.结果表明:由于热传导区域范围的减少,当焊接热源接近平板端部时焊缝区域的温度峰值上升,不利于接头性能;当焊接速度减少或搅拌头的旋转速度升高时,焊接过程中的温度峰值升高甚至超过母材熔点.综合考虑实际工程效率与温度场影响接头质量的规律,给出了搅拌摩擦焊焊接工艺参数的优选方法.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.