多孔医用Ti-24Nb-4Zr-8Sn合金的制备和力学性能

将轧制成形与真空烧结相结合制备出大块多孔Ti-24Nb-4Zr-8Sn(%,质量分数,简称Ti2448)材料,研究了冷轧形变量(20%-40%)和烧结温度(1100-1300℃)对其孔隙率、平均孔径、压缩强度及杨氏模量的影响。结果表明,在烧结温度相同的情况下,随着冷轧形变量的增加,多孔Ti2448合金的孔隙率和平均孔径均减小,压缩强度和弹性模量线性增加。烧结温度对多孔材料孔隙率及孔径的影响不大。在孔隙率相同的情况下,多孔Ti2448合金的压缩强度和模量比明显优于纯钛多孔材料。     

多孔青铜过滤片的制备工艺及结构特性探究

开发一种工艺简单、重复性好、孔形孔径易控制、制取成本低的铜基多孔材料制备工艺是当前的研究热点之一.本文以青铜粉为原料,K_2CO_3为造孔剂,采用烧结溶解法制备多孔青铜过滤片,研究了造孔剂、烧结温度对样品孔隙率的影响,分析了烧结温度、压制压力对样品最大孔径和透气系数的影响,以及孔隙率与抗压强度的关系.研究结果表明:当造孔剂体积分数为20%~40%时,所制备样品的孔隙率为22.8%~44.4%,开孔孔隙率为18.5%~37.2%;随着烧结温度的升高,样品孔隙率和透气系数下降;随着压制压力增加,最大孔径和透气系数均减小;随着样品孔隙率增大,抗压强度减小.当选择造孔剂体积分数30%、压制压力150 MPa、烧结温度800℃的工艺参数下,制备出孔隙率32.2%、最大孔径4.6μm、透气系数9.27 m~3/(h·k Pa·m~2)、压缩强度27.9 MPa的多孔青铜过滤片.     

粉末冶金法制备多孔金属钛免疫隔离材料

采用粉末冶金工艺制备出微米孔径且孔隙率较高的多孔钛免疫隔离材料，分析了压制压力、烧结温度等因素对多孔金属钛孔径及孔隙率的影响。试验结果表明，随着压制压力的提高，钛粉末烧结后平均孔径尺寸和孔隙率逐渐减小，孔隙分布和孔径尺寸较均一。烧结温度对多孔金属钛影响显著，随烧结温度的升高，平均孔径尺寸逐渐增大，孔隙率先略有上升后逐渐降低。     

反应烧结ZrB2基多孔陶瓷

利用碳还原法,研究了在放电等离子烧结(SPS)技术下反应制得孔隙率较高的多孔ZrB2基陶瓷的烧结制度,制备了不同孔隙率的ZrB2基多孔陶瓷.并对其孔隙率、物相组成、微观结构和力学性能进行了分析和评价.结果表明:得到高孔隙率的ZrB2基多孔陶瓷的烧结工艺为,室温～1400℃升温速率100℃/min,1400～1750℃之间50℃/min,中间保温温度1700℃,最终烧结温度1800℃,保温3min.用该烧结制度通过调节反应得到的ZrB2的量在0.11到0.35范围内可达到孔隙可控,微观结构较均匀,随着孔隙率的增加,热导率显著降低.     

多孔 La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-的制备及表征

多孔La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-陶瓷具有一定的强度、良好的透气和电传导性能,可用于中温SOFC阴极支撑体和氧分离膜活性支撑体. 本文用固相反应法制备了多孔La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-陶瓷. 考察了烧结条件、成型压力和有机添加剂量对孔隙率和孔径的影响. 研究发现气体渗透率随孔隙率线性增长,电导率随孔隙率的增大而下降,并满足关系式=0(1-P)3.1.     

多孔Al-Si12合金的制备与性能研究

采用真空—压力烧结—溶解工艺制备出了孔隙率44%～76%、平均孔径30～110μm的多孔Al-Si12合金,对多孔Al-Si12合金的制备、孔结构、抗弯强度及渗透性能进行了研究。结果表明,真空环境下的压力烧结可明显提高多孔Al-Si12合金的抗弯强度,最佳的制备工艺为压制压力500MPa、烧结温度565℃、烧结时间2h以及烧结压力150～200MPa;多孔Al-Si12合金的相对渗透系数随其孔隙率和平均孔径的提高而增大;多孔Al-Si12合金的抗弯强度高于相近孔结构的多孔铝,渗透性能优于相近孔结构的多孔不锈钢及多孔铝。     

含先驱体聚合物浆料浇注成型制备SiC多孔陶瓷

采用SiC粉体与聚碳硅烷(PCS)为原料浇注成型低温烧结制备SiC多孔陶瓷,研究了PCS含量对SiC多孔陶瓷性能的影响。结果表明,PCS含量大于2wt%时可浇注成型,PCS经烧结后生成裂解产物将SiC颗粒粘结起来。所得SiC多孔陶瓷孔径呈单峰分布、孔径分布窄、热膨胀系数低、烧结过程中线收缩率小。随着PCS含量的增大烧成SiC多孔陶瓷的孔隙率降低,但强度显著提高。PCS含量为6wt%时多孔陶瓷的孔隙率、弯折强度和线收缩率分别为36.2%、33.8MPa和0.42%。     

粉煤灰基多孔陶瓷膜的制备研究

用工业废弃物粉煤灰为主要原料,采用模压成型和挤压成型工艺,在较低温度下烧制成了多孔陶瓷过滤膜.研究了造孔剂、烧成温度等对多孔陶瓷样品的孔隙率、孔结构以及物相和强度等的影响.研究表明,反应烧结是主要的烧结过程机制,烧成样品以莫来石相和方石英相为主要物相.在优化的条件下,即造孔剂添加量为20%、烧成温度1250℃时,样品的孔隙率为51.2%,中位孔径为3.72μm,N2气体通量高达1.4×104 m3·m-2·h-1·bar-1,其弯折强度达64MPa,可以满足作为高温气-固分离过滤介质的要求.     

铁尾矿及其反应烧结多孔陶瓷的制备与性能研究

为拓展铁尾矿的资源化利用途径,本研究分别以细颗粒高硅铁尾矿、铁尾矿+石墨粉以及铁尾矿+石墨粉+碳化硅粉为原料,采用泡沫注凝成形-常压烧结、泡沫注凝成形-反应烧结和模压成形-反应烧结工艺制备了铁尾矿多孔陶瓷和三种以碳化硅为主晶相的多孔陶瓷。通过DSC-TG和XRD分析,研究了铁尾矿自身的烧结过程以及铁尾矿与石墨之间的碳热还原反应烧结过程,对比分析了四种多孔陶瓷材料的孔隙率、压缩强度、热导率等性能。结果表明,以铁尾矿为原料可制备具有较高孔隙率(87.2%)、压缩强度(1.37 MPa)和低热导率(0.036 W/(m·K))的铁尾矿多孔陶瓷,它是一种高效保温隔热材料;利用铁尾矿与石墨之间的碳热还原反应可获得碳化硅多孔陶瓷,其热导率显著提高,但强度偏低;而在原料中加入部分碳化硅,可以明显改善多孔陶瓷的压缩强度,获得具有高孔隙率(91.6%)、较高压缩强度(1.19MPa)和热导率(0.31W/(m·K))的碳化硅多孔陶瓷,它可作为轻质导热材料或复合相变材料的载体使用;与泡沫注凝成形工艺相比,采用模压成形工艺制备的碳化硅多孔陶瓷虽然孔隙率有所降低(79.3%),但热导率得到显著提升(1.15 ...     

利用放电等离子烧结技术制备粒径可控的多孔铝

利用放电等离子烧结技术（SPS）制备了粒径可控的多孔铝，具体的方法为：以铝粉和食盐为原料，首先烧成为块体，再利用溶解法，将造孔剂食盐熔解掉。利用反溶液法研究了控制造孔剂食盐颗粒大小的方法，制备出粒径可控的食盐颗粒（粒径控制范围为5～20μm）。通过系统研究SPS烧结工艺（烧结温度、压力等）及铝粉与食盐配比、粒径配比等关系，获得的多孔铝的孔隙率可达69.41％，最小孔径为5μm左右。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.