新型镁合金（一）

西安工业大学在合金设计和铸造工艺设计理论研究的基础上,设计了应用不同场合的2种高性能形变镁合金,即4号轮毂用镁合金和5号含有重稀土金属合金．其中4号轮毂用镁合金,常温时其拉伸性能指标σ0.2为189MPa,σb为250MPa,δ为12％．5号含有重稀土金属合金,常温时其拉伸性能指标σ0．2为281MPa,σb为330MPa,8为7％．     

新型镁合金（一）

西安工业大学在合金设计和铸造工艺设计理论研究的基础上,设计了应用不同场合的2种高性能形变镁合金,即4号轮毂用镁合金和5号含有重稀土金属合金．其中4号轮毂用镁合金,常温时其拉伸性能指标σ0．2为189 MPa,σb为250 MPa,δ为12％．5号含有重稀土金属合金,常温时其拉伸性能指标σ0．2为281 MPa,σb为330 MPa,δ为7%．     

CSP线Nb微合金化HSLA钢试验研究

为在CSP生产线利用Nb微合金化技术生产HSLA钢，通过在试验室建立了CSP铸坯模拟和CSP轧制模拟的试验方法，研究了Nb微合金化试验钢的组织和性能。结果表明试验室CSP铸坯模拟和CSP轧制模拟技术上是可行的。试验钢的铁素体晶粒尺寸为3．7μm，屈服强度为535MPa，延伸率为30％。     

Ti微合金化450-550MPa级耐候钢组织性能研究

设计了屈服强度达450-550MPa级高强耐候钢化学成分,在实验室进行冶炼和热轧试验,测试和观察了试验钢的力学性能和显微组织,分析了Ti含量对Ti微合金化耐候钢性能的影响。结果表明,试验钢的金相组织主要为在多边形铁素体基体上分布少量的珠光体;Ti微合金化耐候钢具有足够的强度和塑性,随着W（Ti）从0．025％增加到0．07％,试验钢的屈服强度从360MPa增加到550MPa;采用传统控轧控冷工艺可生产出屈服强度达450～550MPa级高强耐候钢。     

井巷支护用U型钢亚温淬火工艺的研究

本文以16Mn U型钢进行试验,全面探索了经不同亚温淬火工艺处理后16Mn U型钢的强韧性能。试验结果表明:16Mn U型钢经(800-820℃)水淬 200℃低温回火后,在满足延伸率≥16％,屈强比≤0.75的使用性能要求下,可提高屈服强度48％以上,即由σ_(0.2)≥350MPa提高到σ_(0.2)≥520MPa,达到国外同类U型钢的机械性能水平。此外,对亚温淬火工艺的可行性及强韧化机理进行了初步探讨。     

40Cr／T10A钢激光预处理后固相焊接工艺优化

进行了40Cr／T10A钢激光表面淬火预处理后实施等温固相焊接的工艺优化试验。结果表明，40Cr／T10A钢待焊接面经激光淬火预处理后，在750～780℃、预压应力20～56．6MPa的条件下，仅需2．5～7．5min短时保温就可实现两种钢的异材固相焊接，接头强度达母材强度，且焊接变形很小。其中以780℃、20MPa预压应力下保温7．5min为较适宜的固相焊接工艺参数，焊后接头强度达母材强度，试样轴向变形仅1．2％。     

Al2O3颗粒增强钢基粉末冶金复合材料研究

作者采用粉末冶金方法，通过Ｘ－ｒａｙ衍射谱、ＳＥＭ观察等大量实验，研究了钢基－Ａｌ２Ｏ３金属陶瓷复合材料的烧结机理。用正交试验方法对烧结工艺参数和复合材料的组成进行了优化。试样经烧结并淬火处理，其硬度达ＨＲＣ６０～６５，相对密度Ｄ为９５％左右，抗拉强度σｂ为４３０～４６０ＭＰａ，延伸率δ为０．３５％～０．８５％，耐磨性能比６０钢（经淬火并低温回火）高６．６倍。     

提高巷道支护用钢强度的有效途径：U型钢的热处理

本文对16Mn、20MnKU型钢。的热处理工艺进行了试验研究。结果表明,U型钢经控制冷却热处理后,在延伸率δ_5>16-18％的条件下,屈服强度σ_s提高48％,且成型性能良好,为提高支护用钢强度提供了试验依据。     

一种新型高强韧性耐磨钢的纳米结构原子像及其性能

研制的新型高强韧性耐磨钢，铸态空冷及淬火回火处理均可获得细小或隐晶马氏体，少量贝氏体和残留奥氏体以及碳化物，铸态淬火回火处理样品的U-型缺口冲击韧度αk=38～50J／cm^2，无缺口冲击韧度αk=140～290J/cm^2，HRC=53～56；锻后淬火回火处理样品U—型缺口冲击韧度αk=50．70J／cm^2，HRC=52～54，抗拉强度σk=1850—2000Mpa,所研制钢的冲击韧度较相近成分的贝氏体钢提高40％,采用高分辨电镜对新型钢的纳米结构原子像进行了观察，确定了贝氏体铁素体亚片条尺寸.     

过共品铸造Al-Si—Cu—Mg—Fe合金组织性能研究

通过正交试验和单因素试验,考察了Cu、Mg、Zn、Ni和Fe对Al—18Si过共晶铝硅合金室温及高温（350℃）力学性能的影响规律,利用光学金相显微镜（OM）、扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱分析仪（EDX）对合金中富Cu相、富Fe相的组织组成进行了分析．结果表明：Cu、Mg是提高AI-18Si过共晶铝硅舍金室温及高温强度的主要因素;Zn含量增加明显降低合金350℃时的高温强度,改善合金的室温和高温延伸率;Fe降低合金的室温强度,显著提高合金的高温强度;当Cr：Fe=0．35：1,Mn：Cr=2：1,含铁0．8％～1．2％时,Al-18Si-4．0Cu-0．7Mg-0．2Zn-1.0Ni-（0．8～1．2）Fe合金力学性能σb（25℃））310MPa,延伸率受（25℃）≥0．75%,σb（350℃）〉130MPa,延伸率δs（35℃）〉1．5％;合金中富铜相主要以块状Al。Cu相和白灰色花卉状A15Si。cu2Mg8相存在,富铁相主要以三叶草状、树枝状和棒状Al5Si（Cr,Mn,Fe）相存在．     

Mechanical properties and microstructure of TRIP steels produced using TSCR process

C-Si-Mn TRIP steels were produced using the thin slab casting and rolling （TSCR） process under simulation in laboratory. The results of tensile tests show that the yield strength, tensile strength, and the total elongation of the experimental TRIP steels are 430 MPa, 610 MPa, and 28.4%, respectively. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and transmission electron microscopy （TEM） were employed to identify the microstructures of the TRIP steels. The final microstructures consist of ferrite, bainite, and retained austenite. The results of quantitative color metallography show that the fraction of the retained austenite is about 5.8%.     

卷取温度对热轧TRIP钢残奥及力学性能的影响

为了研究卷取温度对热轧TRIP钢的残余奥氏体和力学性能的影响,使用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、x-射线衍射、拉伸实验等方法对三种卷取温度下制备的热轧TRIP钢进行分析.结果显示,随着卷取温度的降低,残余奥氏体晶粒尺寸变小,残奥体积分数和碳的质量分数也变小.450 ℃和400 ℃卷取温度下制备的热轧TRIP钢的残奥形貌的圆整性相差不大,而350 ℃卷取温度下制备的热轧TRIP钢的残奥形貌较圆整.热轧TRIP钢的力学性能随着卷取温度的降低表现为高的屈服强度和低伸长率,450 ℃卷取温度下制备的热轧TRIP钢的综合力学性能最优.     

Influence of hot rolling conditions on the mechanical properties of hot rolled TRIP steel

Influence of hot rolling conditions on the mechanical properties of hot rolled TRIP steel was investigated. Thermomechanical control processing （TMCP） was conducted by using a laboratory hot rolling mill, in which three different kinds of finish rolling temperatures were applied. The results show that polygonal ferrite, granular bainite and larger amount of stabilized retained austenite can be obtained by controlled rolling processes. The finer ferrite grain size is produced through the deformation induced transformation during deformation rather than after deformation, which affects the mechanical properties of hot rolled TRIP steel. Mechanical properties increase with decreasing finish rolling temperature due to the stabilization of retained austenite. Ultimate tensile strength （UTS）, total elongation （TEL） and the product of ultimate tensile strength and total elongation （UTS×TEL） reaches optimal values （791 MPa, 36% and 28 476 MPa%, respectively） when the specimen was hot rolled for 50% reduction at finish rolling temperature of 700 ℃.     

An ultrahigh strength steel produced through deformation-induced ferrite transformation and Q&P process

In this work,DIFT technology and Q&P process were combined in order to introduce ultrafine-grained ferrite into the matrix of martensite and retained austenite to develop a new kind of advanced high strength steel,and two kinds of steels were investigated by this novel combined process.The newly designed process resulted in a sophisticated microstructure of a large amount of ferrite(about 5 m in diameter),martensite and a considerable amount of retained austenite for TRIP 780 steel.The ultimate tensile strength can reach about 1200 MPa with elongation above 16% for TRIP 780,that is much higher than the one solely treated by Q&P process.Tensile tests showed that both steels with the novel combined process achieved a good combination of strength and ductility,indicating that the new process is promising for the new generation of advanced high strength steels.     

Effects of Austempering on the Mechanical Properties of the Hot Rolled Si-Mn TRIP Steels

The effect of austempering on the mechanical properties of the hot rolled Si- Mn TRIP steels was studied. The mechanism of transformation induced plasticity （TRIP） was discussed through the examination of the microstructure and the mechanical properties of the specimens. The results stow that the microstructures of the steels were comprised of polygonal ferrite, granular bainite and a significant amount of stable retained austenite. The specimen exhibits excellent mechanical properties for the TRIP effect. Isothermal holding time for austempering affects the stability of retained austenite. The mechanical properties such as tensile strength, total elongation and strength ductility balance reach their optimal values （ 776 MPa , 33% and 25608 MPa% , respectively） when the specimen is held at 400℃ for 25 min.     

7．9Mn－1．4Si－0．07C钢高强韧机理研究

通过热轧、温轧、奥氏体化、两相区退火处理得到7．9Mn－1．4Si－0．07C钢板,该材料的拉伸强度及塑性随奥氏体化温度不同而具有显著差异．奥氏体化温度降低,室温下奥氏体含量升高,综合力学性能提高．当奥氏体化温度由900℃降低为800℃时,所得到钢板的奥氏体体积分数由15％增加到28％,拉伸强度由1150MPa提高到1340MPa,塑性由21％提高至27％．实验钢优异的力学性能源于其中大量的超细铁素体及奥氏体,细晶强化使其具有超高强度,铁素体基体及变形过程中奥氏体向马氏体相变提供了良好的塑性．基体组织中的位错强化,形变诱导马氏体转变的TRIP效应等是增强该钢板加工硬化能力的主要因素．     

激光焊接650MPa相变诱发塑性钢的组织与性能

采用固体Nd:YAG激光器焊接拉伸强度级别为650MPa、厚度为1.2mm的相变诱发塑性钢(TRIP)薄板,利用光学显微镜和电子显微镜研究了其不同焊接速度下对接焊缝的形貌和组织特点。测试了接头的硬度和抗拉强度,借助杯凸试验对比研究了激光焊接接头和母材的成形能力,并分析了焊接速度对接头组织、性能的影响。研究表明:TRIP钢的相组成主要是大量铁素体、贝氏体和少量的残余奥氏体;激光焊缝金属则主要由马氏体构成。焊缝金属或焊接热影响区的近缝区具有最高的硬度。焊缝金属的屈服强度和抗拉强度在垂直于焊缝方向与母材基本相同,但在平行于焊缝方向明显高于母材。与母材相比,激光焊接TRIP钢薄板的冲压成型能力明显下降。     

残余奥氏体及其机械稳定性与钢强韧性关系的研究

钢中残余奥氏体发生应变诱发马氏体相变的百分量与拉伸应变量的对数呈线性关系,用直线斜率的倒数Ks值可表示残余奥氏体机械稳定性的大小。提高钢中残余奥氏体量及其机械稳定性是改善钢强韧性的有效途径之一。残余奥氏体发生应变诱发马氏体相变吸收能量是提高钢韧性的主要原因。在低碳贝氏体钢中,以M—A岛形式存在的残余奥氏体因受岛中马氏体的强化作用使屈服强度保持较高水平,而残余奥氏体在拉伸的均匀塑性变形阶段因应变诱发相变形成的马氏体使钢的抗拉强度提高。     

热处理对TRIP590钢微观组织及力学性能的影响

采用Gleeble3800热模拟机对TRIP钢拉伸试样进行不同工艺条件的快速热处理模拟实验,并采用金相分析、显微硬度测试等方法对试样进行组织观察和性能测试,目的是通过适宜的热处理工艺促使材料微观组织中出现适量的残余奥氏体组织,增强该材料在变形过程的相变诱导塑性（TRIP）效应,强化材料.结果表明：在两相区内,TRIP钢中的残余奥氏体含量随着退火温度和退火时间的增加而增大,以25℃/s缓慢加热到700℃,再以150℃/s的速率快速加热到820℃保温120 s后淬火处理,处理后的试样,残余奥氏体体积分数达到13%,显微硬度最高,达到262 HV.     

Austempering of hot rolled transformation-induced plasticity steels

Thermomechanical controlled processing (TMCP) was conducted by using a laboratory hot rolling mill. Austempering in the salt bath after hot rolling was investigated. The effect of isothermal holding time on mechanical properties was studied through examining of the microstructure and mechanical properties of the specimens. The mechanism of transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) was discussed. The results show that the microstructure of these steels consists of polygonal ferrite, granular bainite, and a significant amount of stable retained austenite. Strain-induced transformation to martensite of retained austenite and TRIP occur in the hot rolled Si-Mn TRIP steels. Excellent mechanical properties were obtained for various durations at 400°C. Prolonged holding led to cementite precipitation, which destabilized the austenite. The mechanical properties were optimal when the specimen was held for 25 min, and the tensile strength, total elongation, and strength ductility balance reached the maximum values of 776 MPa, 33%, and 25608 MPa?%, respectively.