共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
对河流系统及河流生态修复进行了探讨,对不同的河流生态修复技术进行了归类分析。简要介绍了水域生态修复技术:曝气增氧技术、微生物修复技术、水生生物群落恢复技术、生态浮岛技术;河流水岸交错带生态修复技术:河流水陆交错带植被修复技术、河流水陆交错带微生物修复技术、生态护岸技术;河流沿岸带生态修复技术:河流沿岸土壤生态修复技术、河流沿岸植物修复技术等。 相似文献
2.
随着现代工农业的迅猛发展,矿山开采、冶炼及农业生产等活动逐渐增加,向环境排放的重金属Cd含量也逐年增多。湖泊沉积物作为“储蓄库”,其Cd污染问题也日益严重。河湖底泥中富集的Cd在水环境条件发生改变时,易重新释放入水体,被水生生物体吸收利用,并通过食物链对人体健康产生危害。目前,我国河流湖泊底泥中呈现出不同程度的Cd污染,且在部分底泥中Cd已成为污染最严重的重金属,对重金属Cd污染底泥的处理与处置已刻不容缓。因此,文中综述了我国湖泊沉积物中重金属Cd污染现状及潜在生态风险,依次介绍了Cd污染底泥原位修复治理技术研发进展及不同修复方法的机理与应用,并对湖泊重金属Cd污染底泥治理技术前景进行了展望,拟为湖泊重金属Cd污染底泥修复提供技术参考:(1)研究如何系统地统计分析Cd污染底泥现状及潜在生态风险,规定不同底泥环境中Cd的规范值十分必要;(2)碳基吸附剂的再生及可分离性等问题有待解决;(3)开展植物修复Cd污染底泥的中试试验及规模应用有利于底泥修复技术的研究;(4)选择合适有效的微生物和水生植物相结合对沉积物Cd进行控制和修复,可能是未来治理湖泊底泥Cd污染的重要研究方向。 相似文献
3.
水生植物净化修复是一项绿色环保的生态工程技术,能有效地净化富营养化及受污染水体,而且不带来二次污染,有利于重建和恢复水生生态环境,其技术投资和维护成本低,操作相对简单。该文阐述了水生植物修复水体的净化机理以及水体富营养化的消除、重金属的去除、石油化工类及生活类污水的降解、水生植物耐盐性等相关研究成果;介绍了净化塘、人工湿地、生态浮床技术和根际过滤技术在工程实践中的应用;强调了水生植物在净化应用中需关注的技术问题;最后提出了一些可行方法和建议,展望了这种净化技术的发展前景。 相似文献
4.
5.
"ISER河道疏浚底泥制备生态护岸技术(in-situ river ecological remediation,ISER)"是一种创新型的疏浚底泥原位生态修复制备生态护岸的技术。在黑臭河道、湖泊岸线治理工程中,具有投资小、治理效率高和生态效益好的显著优势。针对河湖积於严重、岸坡坍塌和硬质护岸生态功能缺失等问题,利用ISER技术对河湖底泥进行改良和生态修复。生态修复后的底泥资源化用于制备生态护岸、护坡,并在该生态护岸上配种鸢尾、美人蕉等挺水植物,对河岸生态景观进行重构和优化,构建一套村镇级中小河道原位利用疏浚底泥制备生态护岸成套技术体系。通过崇明区示范工程应用,ISER河道疏浚底泥制备生态护岸技术能有效解决示范工程河段河岸侵蚀、岸坡坍塌、引排不畅、硬质护岸生态功能缺失等问题,并使岸坡生态景观有效改善,为建设崇明世界级生态岛和生态可持续发展提供保障。 相似文献
6.
7.
水生植物净化富营养化水质的的机理探讨和研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文围绕水生植物修复技术的机理、选择原则、水生植物在水污染治理中的应用研究现状和进展进行了综述,指出了该净化技术的前景和存在的问题。水生植物净化技术具有投资和维护成本低、操作简单、基本不造成二次污染、能有效地净化富营养化水体,有利于重建和恢复水生生态系统,应用前景广阔。 相似文献
8.
9.
以太湖流域代表性城市湖泊为例,提出湖泊水生态建设的具体思路,建议从生态隔离、蓝藻种源清除、湖滨带湿地建设、沉水植物恢复、生态养护等多方面着手,实现水质提升、抑制蓝藻暴发及水生态系统恢复等目标。通过工程实施,湖泊从中度富营养水平恢复到中营养水平,水体透明度显著提高,水质主要指标达到或优于地表水Ⅳ类标准,水生植物覆盖度达到50%以上,可为太湖流域同类湖泊水生态建设提供借鉴与参考。 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
微塑料是指一类广泛存在于环境中的粒径小于5mm的塑料颗粒的总称,当其存在于水体环境中,容易吸附其他污染物,影响它们的迁移行为,进而对生态效应产生影响。本文依据水体环境中微塑料的相关研究报道,对微塑料在水环境中的影响行为进行概述。主要从微塑料的物理、化学和生物特性在环境中的变化特性,微塑料与环境中其他污染物质的相互作用关系,以及微塑料及其复合污染体系对水生生物造成的生态效应影响等3个方面对微塑料的环境行为进行总结、归纳与阐述。最后,针对微塑料对水环境中的环境影响效应,提出了今后的研究方向与展望。 相似文献
13.
Effects of Aluminium Contamination on the Nervous System of Freshwater Aquatic Vertebrates: A Review
Marie Closset Katia Cailliau Sylvain Slaby Matthieu Marin 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(1)
Aluminium (Al) is the most common natural metallic element in the Earth’s crust. It is released into the environment through natural processes and human activities and accumulates in aquatic environments. This review compiles scientific data on the neurotoxicity of aluminium contamination on the nervous system of aquatic organisms. More precisely, it helps identify biomarkers of aluminium exposure for aquatic environment biomonitoring in freshwater aquatic vertebrates. Al is neurotoxic and accumulates in the nervous system of aquatic vertebrates, which is why it could be responsible for oxidative stress. In addition, it activates and inhibits antioxidant enzymes and leads to changes in acetylcholinesterase activity, neurotransmitter levels, and in the expression of several neural genes and nerve cell components. It also causes histological changes in nerve tissue, modifications of organism behaviour, and cognitive deficit. However, impacts of aluminium exposure on the early stages of aquatic vertebrate development are poorly described. Lastly, this review also poses the question of how accurate aquatic vertebrates (fishes and amphibians) could be used as model organisms to complement biological data relating to the developmental aspect. This “challenge” is very relevant since freshwater pollution with heavy metals has increased in the last few decades. 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
在常见有机农药特性及其对水环境影响分析的基础上,重点综述了国内外水环境中有机农药污染现状以及分析检测方法的研究进展,对进一步开展我国农村饮用水检测、预防农药污染具有积极的指导作用。 相似文献
17.
Nemi Malhotra Kelvin H.-C. Chen Jong-Chin Huang Hong-Thih Lai Boontida Uapipatanakul Marri Jmelou M. Roldan Allan Patrick G. Macabeo Tzong-Rong Ger Chung-Der Hsiao 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(17)
In this paper, we review the effects of large-scale neonicotinoid contaminations in the aquatic environment on non-target aquatic invertebrate and vertebrate species. These aquatic species are the fauna widely exposed to environmental changes and chemical accumulation in bodies of water. Neonicotinoids are insecticides that target the nicotinic type acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the central nervous systems (CNS) and are considered selective neurotoxins for insects. However, studies on their physiologic impacts and interactions with non-target species are limited. In researches dedicated to exploring physiologic and toxic outcomes of neonicotinoids, studies relating to the effects on vertebrate species represent a minority case compared to invertebrate species. For aquatic species, the known effects of neonicotinoids are described in the level of organismal, behavioral, genetic and physiologic toxicities. Toxicological studies were reported based on the environment of bodies of water, temperature, salinity and several other factors. There exists a knowledge gap on the relationship between toxicity outcomes to regulatory risk valuation. It has been a general observation among studies that neonicotinoid insecticides demonstrate significant toxicity to an extensive variety of invertebrates. Comprehensive analysis of data points to a generalization that field-realistic and laboratory exposures could result in different or non-comparable results in some cases. Aquatic invertebrates perform important roles in balancing a healthy ecosystem, thus rapid screening strategies are necessary to verify physiologic and toxicological impacts. So far, much of the studies describing field tests on non-target species are inadequate and in many cases, obsolete. Considering the current literature, this review addresses important information gaps relating to the impacts of neonicotinoids on the environment and spring forward policies, avoiding adverse biological and ecological effects on a range of non-target aquatic species which might further impair the whole of the aquatic ecological web. 相似文献
18.
Miura K 《Journal of oleo science》2007,56(3):123-128
The aquatic risk of 2-sulfonato fatty acid methyl ester sodium salt (MES) used in household detergents was assessed. The environmental exposure assessment expressed as predicted environmental concentration (PEC) was determined on the basis of monitoring results from the seven sites of four rivers in the urban area in Tokyo and Osaka. The 95 percentile as well as geometric mean of the MES concentration was found to exhibit a good correlation with the geometric mean of the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD; the latter's regression was greater than 0.99). The predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) for the aquatic environment was estimated by performing chronic assays of algae and daphnia. The risk characterization ratio (RCR: PEC/PNEC) was less than 1. Therefore, it is concluded that MES will not adversely affect the aquatic environment in Japan. 相似文献
19.
20.
高效液相色谱法测定水体中阿特拉津的含量 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用高效液相色谱法测定水体中阿特拉滓的含量,通过条件实验,建立了以甲醇.水溶液(80:20)为流动相:检测波长为292nm;柱温为室温的方法;得出了阿特拉津的线性范围,回收率和相对标准编差。并用该方法对福州地区水体中阿特拉津的含量进行了测定。 相似文献