高能球磨Mg/B复合粉末的特性

对化学计量比的Mg/B原始粉体进行高能球磨,通过扫描电镜SEM和能谱分析EDX对球磨前后的粉末进行观察,对球磨过程中复合粉末的组织形貌和成分分布的变化进行了研究.结果表明:随着球磨时间的延长,Mg粉明显细化,B粉在Mg粉中的均匀弥散分布程度很好.     

搅拌球磨制备亚微米晶粒Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷

用搅拌球磨方法制备了亚微米TiC-TiN-WC-Mo-Ni-C金属陶瓷复合粉，并烧结成亚微米晶粒Ti(C,N）基金属陶瓷；研究了原始粉末粒度，磨球大小，球磨时间对复合粉粒度的影响，研究了球磨过程中氧和铁元素对粉末的污染情况；并对烧结合金的组织，性能进行了分析，表明亚微米晶粒Ti(C,N）金属陶瓷的性能优良。     

高能球磨法制备不锈钢-TiC纳米复合粉末的研究

在真空条件下采用高能球磨法以不锈钢粉末、钛粉和碳粉为原料制备了不锈钢-TiC超细复合粉末.X射线、扫描电子显微镜、比表面积评价等分析技术被用来对球磨过程中粉末的微观状态进行了分析.结果表明,随着球磨时间的增加,不锈钢复合粉末逐渐细化,用X射线衍射方法计算的最终晶粒可达到20nm.同时,钛粉和碳粉在球磨过程中发生反应形成TiC,可获得纳米级的不锈钢-TiC复合粉末.     

机械球磨3%C-Cu复合粉末的微观组织

为了获得具有良好微观组织的C-Cu复合粉末,以利于后续的压制、烧结和挤压等工艺,用机械球磨方法制备了3%C-Cu(质量分数)复合粉末.运用扫描电镜、背散射和X射线衍射等分析手段研究了该复合粉末的微观组织随球磨时间的演变规律.实验结果表明,随着机械球磨时间的增加,Cu颗粒由树枝状转变为层片状、块状,最后转变为近球形.球磨2 h,复合粉末中的石墨衍射峰消失.随着球磨的进行,复合粉末中Cu的微观应变逐渐增大.经3 h的机械球磨获得了晶粒尺寸约为20 nm的Cu纳米晶,说明该方法可以有效地细化晶粒组织.     

球磨时间对TiB_2-Ni(Al)复合粉末组织结构影响研究

在不同球磨时间条件下,采用机械球磨方法制备TiB_2-Ni(Al)复合粉末,其中Ni粉和Al粉的物质的量比为1∶1,TiB_2陶瓷相含量为40%(体积分数)。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)以及X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析球磨后粉末的显微组织结构及物相,研究不同球磨时间对制备TiB_2-Ni(Al)复合粉末物相演变、组织结构的影响。研究结果表明,随着球磨时间的延长,延性金属Ni和Al变形程度逐渐增大,粉末中呈现Ni/Al交替混合组织结构,此种结构有利于金属在球磨过程中扩散形成Ni(Al)固溶体,且逐渐细化的TiB_2相嵌入至金属Ni和Al颗粒中。通过物相分析发现,随着球磨时间的延长,Al衍射峰强度逐渐降低,并发现在球磨时间为36h时形成Ni(Al)固溶体。     

机械球磨制备纳米Fe/卡拉胶复合粉末的研究EI北大核心

在常温常压环境下,采用食品添加剂卡拉胶为助磨剂,用机械球磨方法制备纳米Fe/卡拉胶复合粉末。采用正交试验法对高能球磨制备的复合粉末的工艺参数进行了研究,并利用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)等测试分析手段,对球磨后的复合粉末相结构、组织形貌、颗粒大小的变化进行了研究。结果表明:以卡拉胶为助磨剂机械球磨后的纳米复合粉末粒度小、纯度高、稳定性好;随着球料比增加,粉末颗粒尺寸减小;随着球磨时间的增加,粉末颗粒尺寸减小。     

机械合金化制备纳米Cu-Zn-Al2O3复合粉末的研究

采用X射线衍射仪、电子扫描电镜和透射电镜等研究了Ar气氛保护下Cu-Zn-Al2O3复合粉末在高能球磨过程中发生的机械合金化反应,分析了不同球磨时间对a-Cu(Zn)的晶格常数、晶粒尺寸以及复合粉末粉体形貌、颗粒尺寸的影响.结果表明,球磨初期,Cu的晶格常数增大,但75h后由于γ相的析出,a-Cu(Zn)晶格常数减小;高能球磨120h后,可获得氧化铝颗粒弥散分布的纳米级Cu(Zn)复合粉末.     

高能球磨制备Mo-3%Cu纳米晶复合粉末特性

利用机械合金化法制备出Mo-3%Cu(质量分数,以下同)超细复合粉末,采用X射线衍射、BET氮吸附法和DTA差热分析方法对球磨后的Mo-6%Cu纳米晶复合粉的组织结构变化、表面特性和热稳定性进行了系统的研究.结果表明,高能球磨可以制取纳米晶复合粉末,晶粒内部产生很大的晶格畸变,同时球磨产生的晶体缺陷使原子扩散加快,形成Mo-Cu超饱和固溶体和扩大Mo在粘结相中的溶解度,BET氮吸附结果证实了球磨使粉末产生大量微孔,且比表面、中孔表面和孔径降低.     

超细钼铜复合粉末的制备工艺研究

钼铜合金是两种互不相溶的假合金,与钨铜合金相比,钼铜材料的密度较低,且其容易变形加工,被广泛用于航空航天、电力、电子等行业.研究了制备钼铜合金原料粉末--超细钼铜复合粉的制备工艺.用SEM和TEM的选区电子衍射图观察了不同球磨方式和不同球磨时间钼铜复合粉末的粒度和形貌.结果表明:①普通球磨、行星球磨无法得到结构和成分分布均匀的纳米合金粉,而高能球磨方式可以得到;②经过25 h高能球磨可以得到结构和成分分布均匀,尺寸为30mm的合金粉末.     

高能球磨法制备超滤分离膜用钼铜复合粉末

研究高能球磨法制备纳米钼铜复合粉末的主要影响因素,通过扫描电镜和透射电镜分析粉末的形貌及颗粒尺寸.研究结果表明,复合粉的粒度随着球磨时间的延长而减小,但随着球磨时间增加,团聚加剧;通过重力沉降法可以去除浆体中的团聚体,从而获得颗粒分布适合的粉体,10h球磨粉沉降后粉体颗粒尺寸约为50～60nm,20h球磨粉沉降后粉体颗粒尺寸约为20～30nm.     

纳米Mg2 Ni-Ni非晶合金的球磨制备和电极性能

球磨Mg2Ni合金粉和Ni粉制得纳米Mg2Ni-Ni非晶合金。用XRD和SEM分析表征了球磨过程中的相和结构的变化。模拟电池测试结果表明,Mg2Ni/Ni复合粉的首次放电容量随球磨时间的延长有明显提高。当球磨150h形成了纳米Mg2Ni-Ni非晶合金,其放电容量和电极循环性能得到明显改善。     

球磨时间对石英砂粉体性能的影响

为有效利用长江沿岸低品位石英砂来开发研制高性能的保温隔热砖,利用球磨法研究球磨时间对低品位石英砂粉体性能的影响。结果表明:随着球磨时间的延长,石英砂的平均粒径逐渐减小,粉体振实密度总趋势不断减小,但石英砂粉体形成的圆锥高度逐渐增大,即随着球磨时间的延长,石英砂粉体的流动性逐渐变差。综合整个工艺考虑,球磨时间定为60 min较好。     

Synthesis and Characterizations of Nanocrystalline WC-Co Composite Powders by a Unique Ball Milling Process

In order to explore the high efficiency of fabricating nanocrystalline WC-Co composite powders, this paper presented a unique high energy ball milling process with variable rotation rate and repeatious circulation, by which nanocrystalline WC-10Co-0.8VC-0.2Cr3C2 (wt pct) composite powders with mean grain size of 25 nm were prepared in 32 min, and the quantity of the powders for a batch was as much as 800 grams. The as-prepared powders were analyzed and characterized by chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The results show that high energy ball milling with variable rotation rates and repeatious circulation could be used to produce nanocrystalline WC-Co powder composites with high efficiency. The compositions of the powders meet its specifications with low impurity content. The mean grain size decreases, lattice distortion and system energy increase with increasing the milling time. The morphology of nanocrystalline WC     

Mechanical alloying and sintering of nanostructured TiO2 reinforced copper composite and its characterization

Mechanical alloying is a suitable method for producing copper based composites. Cu–TiO₂ composite was fabricated using high energy ball milling and conventional consolidation. Ball milling was performed at different milling durations (0–24 h) to investigate the effects of the milling time on the formation and properties of produced nanostructured Cu–TiO₂ composites. The amount of the TiO₂ in the final composition of the composite assumed to be 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 wt%. The milled composite powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to investigate the effects of the milling time on the formation of the composite and its properties. Also hardness, density and electrical conductivity of the sintered specimen were measured. High energy ball milling causes a high density of defects in the powders. Thus the Cu crystallite size decreases, generally to less than 50 nm. The maximum hardness value (105 HV) of the sintered compacts belongs to Cu–5 wt%TiO₂ which has been milled for 12 h.     

Role of Disclinations and Nanocrystalline State in the Formation of Quasicrystalline Phases on Mechanical Alloying of Cu-Fe Powders

1. IntroductionCu-Fe ajloys are potential candidate materials foruse as bearings, bushes and other atifriction components. They are also being considered for manywide ranging applications such as automotive components, fferelitial geajrs for garden tractors, pistonrings for small bore engines, camshaft drive sprockets,and pressure plates for steering systems[1]. However,the near total immiscibility of Cu and Fe in the phasediagram pose a major limitation to the preparation ofthese alloys by c…     

Microstructural and chemical properties of AlN-Cu nanocomposite powders prepared by planetary ball milling

Microelectronic circuits require contact with a high thermal conductivity, and controlled low coefficients of thermal expansion packaging materials for the high performance and reliability of the semiconductor chips. The present study was carried out to investigate the microstructural and chemical properties of AlN-Cu nanocomposite powders created by planetary ball milling. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analysis of the obtained powders were performed. The residual oxygen and carbon in ball milled AlN-Cu powders were analyzed. AlN-Cu composite powders of 15 μm size and copper crystallites of 25 nm were obtained after milling for 8 h. The amount of residual oxygen was considerably reduced after exposure to hydrogen reduction treatment at 600°C for 2 h. More significantly, 97% of the residual carbon was removed regardless of milling time and alloy composition. Furthermore, residual carbon was removed as a gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.     

Microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum alloy composites produced by ball milling

The influence of milling time on the structure, morphology and thermal stability of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) reinforced EN AW6082 aluminum alloy powders has been studied. After structural and microstructural characterization of the mechanically milled powders micro- and nano-hardness of the composite powder particles were evaluated. The morphological and X-ray diffraction studies on the milled powders revealed that the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were uniformly distributed and embedded within the aluminum matrix. No reaction products were detected even after long milling up to 50 h. Nanotubes became shorter in length as they fractured under the impact and shearing action during the milling process. A high hardness of about 436 ± 52 HV is achieved for the milled powders, due to the addition of MWCNTs, after milling for 50 h. The increased elastic modulus and nanohardness can be attributed to the finer grain size evolved during high energy ball milling and to the uniform distribution of hard CNTs in the Al-alloy matrix. The hardness values of the composite as well as the matrix alloy compares well with that predicted by the Hall–Petch relationship.     

放电等离子烧结Ti-Al系金属间化合物

用机械合金化法(MA)制备了Ti-45% Al纳米晶合金粉末,并对其进行放电等离子烧结(SPS),烧结时间仅为5min.用D-maxIIA型X射线衍射仪、JEM-2000EX型透射电子显微镜对粉末和烧结块体的微观组织及机械性能进行了研究.研究表明:Ti和Al的粉末随着球磨时间的延长,粉末有明显的细化趋势,球磨5h即有非晶产生,球磨20h后得到接近完全非晶相;采用SPS烧结技术,在1200℃下能够制备出较高硬度的TiAl金属间化合物块体材料.     

Effect of ball milling time on the structural characteristics and mechanical properties of nano-sized Y2O3 particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites produced by powder metallurgy route

Mechanical milling presents an effective solution in producing a homogenous structure for composites. The present study focused on the production of 0.5 wt% yttria nanoparticle reinforced 7075 aluminum alloy composite in order to examine the effects of yttria dispersion and interfacial bonding by ball milling technique. The 7075 aluminum alloy powders and yttria were mechanically alloyed with different milling times. The milled composites powders were then consolidated with the help of hot pressing. Hardness, density, and tensile tests were carried out for characterizing the mechanical properties of the composite. The milled powder and the microstructural evolution of the composites were analyzed utilizing scanning and transmission electron microscopy. A striking enhancement of 164% and 90% in hardness and ultimate tensile strength, respectively, were found compared with the reference 7075 aluminum alloy fabricated with the same producing history. The origins of the observed increase in hardness and strength were discussed within the strengthening mechanisms' framework.     

Effect of starting composition on formation of MoSi2–SiC nanocomposite powder via ball milling

MoSi₂?CSiC nanocomposite powders were successfully synthesized by ball milling Mo, Si and graphite elemental powders. Effects of milling time and annealing temperature were also investigated. The composite formation and phase transformation were monitored by X-ray diffraction. The microstructure of milled powders was studied by SEM, TEM and XRD peak profile analysis. Formation of this composite was completed after 10 and 20?h of milling for 25%SiC and 50%SiC, respectively. High temperature polymorph (HTP) of MoSi₂ was obtained at the end of milling (20?h). On the other hand, annealing led to transformation of HTP to low temperature polymorph (LTP) of MoSi₂. Mo₅Si₃ was formed during annealing as a product of a reaction between MoSi₂ and excess graphite. Mean grain size <50?nm was obtained for 20?h milled sample on the basis of peak profile analysis and TEM images.