Effects of 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP) on ripening and resistance of jujube (Zizyphus jujuba cv. Huping) fruit against postharvest disease

The effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on senescence and induction of resistance against postharvest decay in jujube (Zizyphus jujuba cv. Huping) fruit were investigated in this study. The results indicated that, compared to control, 1-MCP at 1 μL L^?l depressed ethylene production by 28% and respiration rate by 30% at 24 h after treatment, resulting in effective delay in fruit senescence. 1-MCP treatment was beneficial for maintaining quality of jujube fruit stored both at 25 and 0 °C, retarding decline of firmness, vitamin C, titratable acidity (TA) and soluble solids content (SSC) which are important parameters for fruit quality evaluation during the storage periods. Moreover, 1-MCP effectively limited the development of lesion diameter of blue mold rot and significantly reduced the incidence of natural decay. The activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly induced after 1-MCP treatment. These findings indicate that the induced resistance in jujube fruit by 1-MCP is related with the increase of enzymes involved in scavenging of reactive oxygen species and enzymes associated with phenolics metabolism which produces highly toxic products against pathogen invasion. Our results suggest that 1-MCP has potential effect on maintaining the quality and extending postharvest life of jujube fruit.     

1-甲基环丙烯和二氧化氯复合处理对冬枣采后生理及贮藏品质的影响

为探讨冬枣绿色保鲜新技术,研究1-甲基环丙烯(1-methylcyclopropene,1-MCP)与二氧化氯(chlorine dioxide,ClO2)单独及复合处理[3μL/L 1-MCP与100μL/L ClO2熏蒸、4℃条件下贮藏]对冬枣采后生理和贮藏特性的影响,贮藏过程中每10 d测定转色、腐烂、硬度、含水量、可溶性固形物(total soluble solids,TSS)、可滴定酸(titratable acid,TA)、维生素C(vitamin C,VC)、总酚、还原力和DPPH自由基清除率的情况。研究结果表明:1-MCP或ClO2单独处理都能有效延缓果实转色,减少果实腐烂,保持果实较高的含水量、硬度、TSS含量、TA含量、VC含量、总酚含量、还原力和DPPH自由基清除率,提高采后冬枣果实的贮藏品质。与单独1-MCP及ClO2处理相比,1-MCP复合ClO2处理的保鲜效果更佳,可作为采后冬枣保鲜的有效手段。     

Cultivar Effects on Quality of Fresh Cut Apple Slices from 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-Treated Apple Fruit

ABSTRACT: The effects of 1 -methylcyclopropene (1 -MCP) treatment of whole fruit on the subsequent quality and shelf-life of fresh-cut apple slices have been investigated. 'Delicious,' Empire, 'Idared', Law Rome, and 'Mutsu' apples were treated at 0.5°C with 1 μL/L of 1 -MCP for 24 h and stored in air 1 and 4 mo before being used for preparation of slices. 1-MCP reduced internal ethylene concentrations and maintained firmness of the whole fruit in'Delicious,' Empire, and 'Idared', but not consistently for 'Law Rome' and 'Mutsu.' Slices prepared from fruit of cultivars that responded to 1 -MCP had lower ethylene production rates and were firmer than those from untreated fruits. However, 1-MCP treatment did not consistently affect the extent of browning or aroma volatile concentrations. In cultivars in which treatment of apples with 1-MCP at harvest maintained the original fresh quality of intact fruit by suppressing ethylene production, fruit were firmer, and thus a superior fresh- cut product with an extended shelf-life potential was obtained. However, in general, slices prepared from untreated and 1-MCP-treated fruit deteriorated at similar rates.     

Influence of 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on Postharvest Storage Quality in Green Bell Pepper Fruit

The goal of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on maintaining the quality parameters and antioxidant activity of bell pepper cv. Selika (an original red cultivar) and cv. H1530 (??ever-green?? line) after 18?days storage at 7°C and 3?days at 20°C. Fruits were harvested at green color, from a commercial shade net house in the desert region in Israel. In both cultivars, 600?nL?L^?1 1-MCP reduced weight loss and maintained firmness more than control or 900?nL?L^?1 1-MCP. Overall, 1-MCP treatment had a pronounced effect on delaying ripening processes as shown by inhibiting color changes, decreasing decay, and maintaining quality of non-climacteric green pepper fruit. 1-MCP treatment reduced the lipophilic antioxidant activity of this fruit, but the hydrophilic antioxidant activity remained similar to that observed at harvest.     

1-MCP缓释处理对气调贮藏后的‘安久’梨货架期品质的影响

以‘安久’梨为试材,利用3% 1-甲基环丙烯（1-MCP）缓释剂处理在2.2% O₂下贮藏6个月后的两个果园梨果实,研究1-MCP缓释处理对梨果实出库后在冷藏（模拟运输过程）和货架期中果实生理病害发生、乙烯释放率、硬度、果皮叶绿素、可溶性固形物和可滴定酸的影响,为今后其商业标准化应用提供理论依据。结果表明:与对照组果实相比,1-MCP缓释处理能降低货架期果实腐烂率和虎皮病发病率,降低α-法尼烯含量和共轭三烯积累。此外,1-MCP缓释处理能抑制果实乙烯释放,延缓果实硬度下降,果皮叶绿素和可滴定酸降解,但对可溶性固形物含量无影响。1-MCP处理的Lot 375果园（海拔为114.30 m）梨果实在经冷藏10 d后第21 d货架期时果实硬度降至24.76 N并伴随乙烯逐渐上升,而1-MCP处理的Lot 39果园（海拔为10.06 m）梨果实果实硬度为39.14 N,此时乙烯仍维持在较低的水平。因此,在人工短缺时,晚采收的高海拔地区果园‘安久’梨可先进行气调贮藏,待出库、清洗、分拣、包装处理后加入缓释型1-MCP,可降低货架期果实生理病害发生,保持较高的果实品质,但不影响果实软化。     

Effect of 1-Methylcyclopropene on Superficial Scald Associated with Ethylene Production, α-Farnesene Catabolism,and Antioxidant System of Over-Mature ‘d’Anjou’ Pears After Long-Term Storage

To optimize storage quality of ‘d’Anjou’ pears (Pyrus communis L.) produced in the US Pacific Northwest regions, the recommended harvest maturity as indicated by flesh pressure is 67 to 58 N. Over-mature pears are more susceptible to superficial scald and inferior eating quality after storage. However, a significant portion of pears is harvested at an over-mature stage due to rapid on-tree maturation during years with labor shortages. 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) extends storage quality of pears but interferes their ultimate ripening capacity. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of 1-MCP on over-mature ‘d’Anjou’ pears. Fruit from two orchards at fruit firmness (FF) 55.6 and 56.0 N were treated with 0.15 μL L^?1 1-MCP, held at ??1.1 °C for up to 7 months. 1-MCP treatment significantly inhibited ethylene synthesis and respiration rate, reduced superficial scald, and maintained high storage quality of over-mature pears from two orchards during 7 months of storage. After 7 months of storage at ??1.1 °C, some of the pears from Orchard 1 recovered ripening capacity after 5 days at 20 °C. The development of superficial scald in over-mature ‘Anjou’ pears was associated with the accumulation of α-farnesene and conjugated trienols (CTols). 1-MCP significantly inhibited the development of scald, perhaps by alleviating membrane lipid peroxidation and enhancing total antioxidant capacity, antioxidant metabolites (i.e., total polyphenols (TP) and total flavonoids (TF)), and related enzyme activities (i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT)) in pear skin. Overall, this study provides the preliminary basis for commercial application of 1-MCP in over-mature pears and demonstrates its potential to maintain fruit quality and reduce the incidence of superficial scald.     

1-MCP对切分哈密瓜保鲜效果的研究

以新疆哈密瓜(8601)为材料,在5℃贮藏温度下,研究了1-MCP 对切分哈密瓜生理、品质和食用安全性的影响。结果表明：1.0μl/L 1-MCP 处理可显著抑制贮藏期间果实乙烯释放量,保持果实的感官,硬度、糖度和高VC 的含量,抑制切分哈密瓜透明化,降低了切分哈密瓜的细胞膜脂质过氧化水平,抑制微生物的数目,延长了切分哈密瓜的货架期。     

1-MCP 与植酸处理对草莓果实采后生理品质的影响

采用1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)和植酸对草莓进行不同处理,通过追踪测定其贮藏期间的质量损失率、硬度、可溶性固形物(soluble solids content,SSC)、呼吸强度、维生素C(VC)、可滴定酸(titratable acidity,TA)和相对电导率等指标来研究不同处理对草莓的保鲜效果。结果表明：1-MCP和植酸处理可有效降低草莓的质量损失率和呼吸强度,推迟SSC出现峰值的时间,延缓其后熟衰老过程,抑制其硬度、TA和VC含量的下降;同时,1-MCP 和植酸复合处理比两者各自的单独处理都具有更好的效果,能显著改善草莓在贮藏期间的果实品质。     

CFD Modelling of the 3D Spatial and Temporal Distribution of 1-methylcyclopropene in a Fruit Storage Container

In this paper, a direct model based on explicit geometry of stacked products in boxes was developed and used to study the diffusion, convection and adsorption of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) gas in cool stores for apple fruit. The discrete element method was employed to generate random stacking of spherical products in a box. A three-dimensional finite volume-based computational fluid dynamics model was developed, verified and used to study the distribution and partitioning of the 1-MCP gas inside loaded container. The study addressed the gas distribution in a 500 L container with or without air circulation. For each case, 80 kg Jonagold apples at 1 °C and a 1-MCP dose of 1 μL L^?1 was used to collect validation data. In the presence of air circulation, diffusion–convection in air and diffusion adsorption in the product was applied. Simulations were performed with an unstructured tetrahedral mesh using the software ANSYS-CFX, a Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes solver. The case without air circulation was modelled as a diffusion problem in air and diffusion coupled with adsorption inside the product. Convection–diffusion–adsorption model parameters that were previously developed and validated were applied. The estimated equilibrium distribution of the 1-MCP gas equals 11, 34 and 55 % as unbounded in fruit, bonded in fruit and remaining in container, respectively. Profiles of free (unbounded) and adsorbed (bounded) 1-MCP concentrations inside fruit were estimated for reduced dosages: 0.5, 0.3, 0.1 and 0.02 μL L^?1.     

Nitrogen and potassium requirements of tomato plants for the optimization of fruit quality and antioxidative capacity during storage

While nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) fertilizers are commonly used in tomato fields for increasing plant growth and productivity, concepts regarding the interactive effects of these elements on tomato fruit quality during storage are ambiguous. The interactive effects of potassium (0, 250 and 500 mg kg soil^??1) and nitrogen (0, 150 and 300 mg kg soil^??1) fertilizers were tested on tomato fruit size at harvest, and their quality was evaluated after 30 days of storage at 4 °C. Fruit mass, firmness, taste-related parameters, inorganic nutrients, bioactive compounds, and antioxidative capacity of the fruits were investigated after the storage period. Application of 250–500 mg K in combination with 150 mg N per kg soil improved fruit mass at harvest and reduced loss of mass during storage. By increasing the soil’s K supply, the fruits exhibited significant increases in their amount of potassium, TSS and TA contents, antioxidative capacity, concentrations of lycopene, phenolics and ascorbic acid. Nonetheless, increasing the soil’s K concentration reduced Ca concentration and firmness of the fruits. By increasing the N concentration in the soil, a trend of decline was observed in the fruits’ TSS, soluble phenolics, lycopene and ascorbic acid contents. However, higher amounts of N and TA contents were detected in fruits treated with 300 mg N kg soil^??1. N treatments did not affect the antioxidative capacity of the fruits. Accordingly, application of 250 mg K?+?150 mg N kg soil^??1 was suggested as the optimum treatment that could yield tomato fruits with high quality and that would also have improved storage capability.     

紫外结合γ-氨基丁酸对鲜切香瓜品质的影响

为了探讨γ-氨基丁酸( γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)和紫外辐照对鲜切香瓜贮藏品质的影响,本文研究了不同浓度GABA和不同紫外辐照时间对鲜切香瓜失重率、L*值、硬度、可溶性固形物（TSS）含量的影响,筛选出GABA的最佳处理浓度和紫外辐照的最佳时间,并比较了GABA、紫外辐照以及两者相结合对鲜切香瓜贮藏品质的影响。结果表明:不同浓度的GABA处理均能降低鲜切香瓜的失重率和TSS的含量,较好地保持其硬度和色泽,其中1% GABA处理的失重率和TSS含量最低,硬度和L*值最高;紫外处理不同时间能减缓鲜切香瓜的失重率和TSS含量的增加,其中5 min处理的失重率和TSS含量最低,L*值和硬度最高。根据失重率、TSS含量、硬度和L*值等指标,确定GABA的最佳处理浓度为1%,紫外辐照的最佳处理时间为5 min。紫外辐照5 min结合1% GABA的处理能有效减缓鲜切香瓜的失重率和可溶性固形物的积累,保持鲜切香瓜的色泽和硬度,并且还能延缓可滴定酸含量下降,保持较高的可溶性蛋白质的含量。因此,紫外辐照5 min结合1% GABA处理更能保持鲜切香瓜的贮藏品质。     

CO2高渗袋复合处理对“金桃”猕猴桃贮藏品质的影响

为研究CO2高渗袋(high carbon dioxide permeability film bag,GS)、1-甲基环丙烯(1-methylcyclopropene,1-MCP)和乙烯吸收剂(ethylene absorbent,EA)对“金桃”猕猴桃的保鲜效果,以“金桃”猕猴桃为试材,研究3种保鲜方法单一或复合处理对“金桃”猕猴桃贮藏期间果实硬度、可溶性固形物(total soluble solid,TSS)含量、维生素C(vitamin C,VC)含量、淀粉含量、呼吸强度和丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量的影响。结果表明:各保鲜处理均能不同程度延缓“金桃”猕猴桃的果实硬度、VC含量、淀粉含量下降,抑制TSS含量、呼吸强度升高,减少MDA含量的累积。其中,GS+1-MCP+EA处理保鲜效果最好,贮藏180 d时,果实硬度、VC含量和淀粉含量最高,分别为0.93 kg/cm2、99.84 mg/100 mL和29.50 mg/g,TSS含量、呼吸强度和MDA含量最低,分别为13.40%、16.49 mg/(kg·h)、1.04 mmol/g,且这些指标与对照均差异显著(P<0.05)。     

Postharvest application of 1-Methylcyclopropene modulates fruit ripening, storage life and quality of 'Tegan Blue' Japanese plum kept in ambient and cold storage

The role of postharvest application of 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) in modulating 'Tegan Blue' Japanese plum fruit ripening and quality under ambient and cold storage conditions was investigated. 1-MCP-treated fruit (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 μL L⁻¹) were allowed to ripen at ambient temperature in Experiment 1, while in the second experiment the fruit were kept in cold storage (0, 3 and 6 weeks) before ripening. In both experiments, 1-MCP treatment significantly delayed (2–8 days), suppressed (30–70%) the climacteric ethylene production, maintained higher fruit firmness (34–60%), titratable acidity, L* , chroma, hue angle of fruit skin and pulp, and reduced concentrations of soluble solids, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids and total anti-oxidants as compared to the control. 1-MCP (1.0 μL L⁻¹) treatment suppresses and delays the climacteric ethylene production with acceptable fruit quality during ripening at ambient temperature and is effective in extending the storage life up to 6 weeks with minimal loss of plum fruit quality.     

1-MCP对黄金百香果贮藏品质及风味变化的影响

为明确1-甲基环丙烯（1-MCP）对百香果采后品质及风味变化的影响,果实采后用1-MCP（0.8 μL·L?1,12 h）处理后,评测常温贮藏过程中果面色泽、果汁糖酸和维生素C（V_C）含量变化,并采用气相色谱-离子迁移谱联用（Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry, GC-IMS）技术分析挥发性风味组分差异。结果表明,1-MCP处理后常温贮藏4 d可延缓果面色泽转黄,对果实可溶性固形物（TSS）无显著影响,一定程度上提高了可滴定酸（TA）含量,而对V_C含量的影响在不同贮藏期略有不同。1-MCP处理的果实常温贮藏4 d挥发性风味组分种类和含量均显著降低,包含GC-IMS检测出的35种已知和11种未知化合物,1-MCP处理的黄金百香果风味接近与刚采摘及常温贮藏2 d的果实。     

Physicochemical changes in fresh-cut wax apple (Syzygium samarangenese [Blume] Merrill & L.M. Perry) during storage

Physicochemical changes, such as peel and flesh colours, total anthocyanin content, browning index, firmness, total soluble solid (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), sugar acid ratio (TSS/TA), antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content and ascorbic acid content, in fresh-cut Taaptimjan wax apple fruit stored at 4 ± 2 °C and 12 ± 2 °C for 7 days were investigated. The skin of fresh-cut fruit stored at 4 ± 2 °C showed higher a^∗ value, chroma and total anthocyanin content and lower hue angle than those stored at 12 ± 2 °C. Lightness (L^∗ value) and whiteness index of the fresh-cut fruit flesh stored at 12 ± 2 °C showed significantly lower than those stored at 4 ± 2 °C which related to an significant increase in browning index. Firmness, total soluble solid, titratable acidity and sugar acid ratio did not significant changes during storage. Antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content increased throughout storage. Ascorbic acid content of the fresh-cut fruit stored at 4 ± 2 °C remained constant throughout storage whilst ascorbic content at 12 ± 2 °C decreased and was lower than that at 4 ± 2 °C. At 4 ± 2 °C antioxidant capacity and ascorbic acid content were higher than that stored at 12 ± 2 °C whilst there was no significant difference in total phenolic content. In conclusion, the reduction of whiteness index and the increase in browning index of fresh-cut wax apple flesh were the key factors affecting its quality and storage at 4 ± 2 °C could reduce the change in the flesh colour and maintained the peel colour and nutritional values of fresh-cut wax apple fruit during storage.     

Control of Postharvest Quality in Blueberry Fruit by Combined 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and UV-C Irradiation

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) combined with UV-C irradiation on postharvest quality of blueberry fruit (Vaccinium spp. Berkeley) stored at 4 ± 1 °C for 8 days. Respiration rate, ethylene production, decay incidence, softness, color, total anthocyanin content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, titratable acid content, soluble solid content, peroxidase (POD), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), and catalase (CAT) of treated blueberry fruit were examined. The results indicated that treatment with 1-MCP plus UV-C irradiation inhibited respiration rate, ethylene production, decay incidence, and MDA content. The combined treatment also delayed softness, color, titratable acid, and soluble solid content and improved total anthocyanin content of blueberries throughout the storage period at 4 ± 1 °C compared to the untreated samples. The efficiency of the combined treatment (1-MCP + UV-C irradiation) was better than that of 1-MCP or UV-C irradiation alone. Furthermore, combination of 1-MCP and UV-C irradiation effectively enhanced PAL and CAT activities and inhibited the increasing of POD activity in blueberries. Therefore, our results shows that 1-MCP plus UV-C irradiation treatments may be a useful method in maintaining commercial quality and extending shelf life of blueberries.     

1-MCP结合微孔、打孔保鲜袋对‘富士’苹果贮藏品质的影响

为了解‘富士’苹果在冷藏条件下适合的保鲜处理方式,探究了在(0±1) ℃贮藏条件下,微孔、打孔保鲜袋结合小包装便携1-MCP处理(处理剂量为0.875 μL/L)对‘富士’苹果果实硬度、外观色泽、TSS含量、TA含量、MDA含量、POD活性和PPO活性变化的影响。试验共设5个处理:纸箱衬微孔膜包装、纸箱衬微孔膜包装+1-MCP、纸箱衬打孔膜包装、纸箱衬打孔膜包装+1-MCP处理、纸箱装未加任何包装的裸果为对照(CK)。结果表明:1-MCP结合保鲜袋处理能有效延缓富士苹果果实硬度、TSS、TA的下降速度,抑制a*值降低和b*值升高,降低贮藏后期MDA的生成量,保持POD活性,并使之保持在较高水平,有效抑制PPO活性,延迟PPO活性高峰。其中以微孔+1-MCP处理效果最佳,贮藏225 d时,微孔保鲜袋结合1-MCP处理TA含量为0.12%,硬度为5.78 kg/cm2,MDA含量最低,POD活性最高,PPO活性最低,分别为9.63 mmol/g、15.47 U/(min·g)和8.82 U/(min·g),且这些指标与对照均差异显著(P<0.05)。因此,建议生产中采用微孔保鲜袋和小包装1-MCP处理剂的内包装。     

RIPENING AND QUALITY CHANGES IN MANGO FRUIT AS AFFECTED BY COATING WITH AN EDIBLE FILM

Mango fruit has a relatively short storage life of about 2 to 3 weeks at 13C. In order to prolong the storage life of ‘Haden’ mangoes, fruit were coated with 3 concentrations (8,16 and 24 g.L^?1) of the edible coating film “Semperfresh” and then stored at 13C and 85% RH. Fruit were then evaluated every 4 days for up to 32 days for total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), pH, firmness, weight loss, color of the skin, and ascorbic acid content. All 3 concentrations applied to the fruit affected fruit ripening. TA, firmness, and green color were higher in coated fruit, and weight loss, SST, and pH were lower compared with the noncoated fruit. “Semperfresh” had no effect on decay development. Ascorbic acid decreased in all stored fruit, but this decrease was slower in coated fruit, and there were no significant differences between the different “Semperfresh” concentrations.     

1-MCP对不同成熟度猕猴桃电特性的影响

以适期采收(成熟度Ⅰ,可溶性固形物6.2%)和晚采收(成熟度Ⅱ,可溶性固形物8.8%)的‘海沃德’猕猴桃为试材,研究0.5μL/L 1-MCP处理对在室温(20℃)贮藏条件下果实电特性的影响。结果表明,在1MHz频率下,成熟度Ⅰ的果实复阻抗明显高于成熟度Ⅱ的果实,而且从贮藏7d开始,两成熟度果实复阻抗(Z)值差异达显著水平(P<0.05)。在10kHz频率下,成熟度Ⅰ果实并联等效电容(Cp)值明显高于成熟度Ⅱ的果实,而且从贮藏7d开始,两成熟度果实Cp值差异达显著水平(P<0.05)。在0.1kHz和1MHz电激励频率条件下,随着贮藏时间的延长,1-MCP有抑制果实复阻抗下降的趋势;在10kHz频率条件下,1-MCP处理果Cp值明显高于对照果;但并联等效电感(Lp)和阻抗相角(θ)对成熟度和1-MCP处理的响应不灵敏,不能作为区分成熟度或1-MCP处理的敏感电参数。     

The Effects of Ultrasound Treatment and Nano-zinc Oxide Coating on the Physiological Activities of Fresh-Cut Kiwifruit

This study evaluated the efficacy of ultrasound treatment and nano-zinc oxide (ZnO) coating individually and in combination in preserving the quality of fresh-cut kiwifruit. The nano-ZnO coating solution was prepared by mixing the ZnO nanoparticles in premixed chitosan–acetic acid solution. The fresh-cut kiwifruit were dipped in NaClO solution (50 μL?L^?1 sodium, control), subjected to ultrasound treatment (40 KHz, 350 W, 10 min), or coated with nano-ZnO solution. The fresh-cut kiwifruit samples were also subjected to combined ultrasound treatment and nano-ZnO coating. All of these test samples were stored at 4 °C for 10 days. The effects of these treatments on the quality parameters such as the production of carbon dioxide and ethylene, mass loss, and flesh firmness were investigated. At the end of storage, the combination treatments with ultrasound treatment at 40 KHz with 1.2 g?L^?1 nano-ZnO coating showed lower production of ethylene (1.86 μL?kg^?1?h^?1) and carbon dioxide (10.01 mg?kg^?1?h^?1), water loss (0.46 %), and texture (7.87 N). Hence, it was concluded that the combination of ultrasound treatment with nano-ZnO coating is a promising approach to extend the shelf-life of fresh-cut kiwifruit.