焊接方法对WDB620钢焊接缺陷类型影响的研究

本文采用t检验方法,对不同焊接方法、不同板厚下,焊接无裂纹低碳贝氏体WDB620钢实际焊接结构焊接接头x射线底片上检测出的焊接缺陷类型进行统计分析研究。通过焊接接头缺陷类型的t检验分析,认为采用手工电弧焊和混合气体保护焊方法对焊接缺陷类型的影响无显著差异。由于混合气体保护焊不需要清渣,自动化程度较高,生产效率高,因此应尽量采用混合气体保护焊方法。     

焊接缺陷对铝合金焊接接头疲劳性能的影响

测定了Al Mg Si系6061合金两种焊接接头的疲劳性能,介绍了铝合金焊接接头的疲劳特征,分析了焊接接头中缺陷对铝合金焊接接头疲劳性能的影响,认为焊缝中宏观尺度的气孔和未焊透及其分布明显地影响铝合金焊接接头的疲劳性能,当缺陷尺寸足够大且数量较多时,将严重降低焊接接头的疲劳性能。夹杂对铝合金焊接接头疲劳性能也有严重的影响。     

异种钢的焊接研究现状

异种钢焊接时由于其化学成分与性能的较大差异,容易导致焊接裂纹、焊缝组织不均匀及性能稳定性差等问题,许多研究者对不同强度级别的低合金高强钢、异种不锈钢以及复合钢板的焊接进行了大量试验研究及理论分析。针对不同类型的异种钢焊接研究进行了综述,分析了异种钢焊接的特点,并对常见的问题进行了探讨,概述了国内外异种钢的焊接方法、工艺措施及接头性能等方面的研究现状,并对异种钢的焊接研究及其应用进行了展望。     

高强度钢框架梁柱节点焊接构造的断裂性能试验研究

为研究高强度钢材焊缝连接在实际节点构造中的断裂性能,选取代表实际梁柱节点局部焊接构造的十字型焊接接头试件,采用对接熔透焊和角焊缝两种焊缝类型,完成了20个高强度钢材典型焊接构造在单调拉伸和往复加载下的断裂性能试验,研究了高强钢焊接构造断裂机理,探讨了焊缝类型、荷载类型及钢材强度对典型构造细节断裂性能的影响。研究结果表明,焊缝类型对高强钢焊接构造断裂性能有较大影响,拉-卸载作用导致高强钢焊接节点热影响区材料损伤开裂,往复加载幅值越大,高强钢焊接节点的缺陷敏感性越大,越容易发生断裂失效。试验得到对接熔透焊和角焊缝试件在单调拉伸和往复加载下的断裂临界伸长量和临界荷载,为发展高强度钢材节点焊缝区域的断裂分析模型提供依据。     

铜与奥氏体不锈钢异种材料电子束焊接

目的研究不同参数下铜钢电子束异种焊接以获得符合要求的接头质量。方法以无氧高导热铜(OFHC)和奥氏体不锈钢(304)作为研究对象,控制扫描幅值、焊接速度等工艺参数,采用500 Hz真空电子束偏束"O"形扫描焊接的方式进行焊接。结果在电子束偏钢侧0.2 mm,电子束流为17 mA,聚焦电流为501 mA,焊接速度为600 mm/min的参数下,添加半径为1 mm,频率为500 Hz的圆形扫描波得到了抗拉性能为310.9MPa、硬度大于180 MPa的优质焊接接头。结论不同参数下的接头宏观均出现焊缝上表面下陷缺陷,接头铜侧热影响区存在大量颗粒状、块状、条状的铜钢固溶体析出相,接头钢侧热影响区存在宽度随扫描波幅值减小而减小的黑色过渡带。     

45钢与40Cr钢焊接工艺研究

本文着重介绍了45钢与40Cr钢的焊接特点,焊接工艺的选择,试验条件及所采用的焊接工艺,并对试验结果进行了分析,表明45钢与40Cr钢选择合理的焊接工艺和方法,对焊后的接头性能相当于45钢退火状态下的机械性能,能够用于公司的批量焊接生产。     

6005A铝合金摆动激光焊接组织及力学性能研究

目的 优化铝合金摆动激光焊焊接接头组织结构,减少焊接缺陷,提高接头机械性能。方法 采用无摆动、三角摆动和无穷摆动3种模式对6005A铝合金进行焊接。采用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪对焊接接头的组织结构和元素分布进行表征;使用显微硬度计及拉伸试验机对接头进行力学性能测试;利用扫描电子显微镜分析拉伸断口的形貌特征。结果 与无摆动和三角摆动两种模式相比,无穷摆动模式下焊缝成形最佳,晶粒尺寸最小,元素分布最均匀,这得益于复杂的双向循环摆动设计对熔池产生的强烈搅动效果。无摆动、三角摆动、无穷摆动模式下焊核平均显微硬度分别为66HV、72HV、77HV;3种模式下接头平均抗拉强度分别为183.21、205.52、215.80 MPa;断裂模式分别为解理断裂、解理断裂+韧窝断裂及韧窝断裂模式。无穷摆动模式同样显示出最佳的力学性能。结论 铝合金摆动激光焊接采用无穷摆动模式可以获得组织均匀细小、无焊接缺陷且综合性能优良的焊接接头,该模式十分适合铝合金材料的焊接。     

钢-铝激光焊接的关键技术与未来趋势展望

汽车车身多材料结构要求两种不同类型的材料进行连接(如钢-铝、铸铁-铝、铝-镁等).激光焊热量集中,热源能准确控制,应力应变小,与其他焊接方法相比,更适合于钢、铝异种材料的焊接.在分析钢-铝焊接难点的基础上,总结了当前钢-铝激光焊接中常见的焊接缺陷、接头连接形式、表面处理及填加焊料,着重概括了激光焊接工艺参数对焊缝质量的影响,指出钢-铝激光焊接技术未来的发展趋势是设计与开发柔性化夹具,加强钢-铝激光焊接工艺参数优化、焊接缺陷控制、合金元素填料筛选、FeAl脆性金属间化合物与延塑性较好金属间化合物的形成条件、Fe/Al界面结合机理等方面的基础研究,期望为激光焊接多材料车身结构提供重要的技术参考.     

汽车空调机球杆焊接接头显微组织分析

对２０钢冷拔杆与２０钢渗碳淬火球电阻焊接接头各区显微组织进行了分析，为焊接工艺的制定和焊接接头的性能分析提供了理论依据。     

低成本热轧双相钢焊接性能研究

研究了DP590低成本热轧双相钢采用合适的焊丝、焊剂及合理的焊接工艺后,钢板焊接接头的拉伸性能、冲击韧性及硬度的变化情况。证明了实验钢具有优良的抗软化能力和冷弯成型性能且淬硬倾向不明显。实验表明,开发的DP590低成本热轧双相钢焊接性能优良,适于焊接制造汽车车轮、横梁、纵梁等构件。     

应变时效对ADB610钢冲击韧性的影响

采用最小二乘法、相关系数检验法和K-S检验法分别对ADB610钢42 mm厚度钢板在5%应变时效处理前后冲击韧性进行正态分布拟合检验分析,认为两种情况下的冲击韧性值都服从正态分布。采用F检验法和t检验法对应变时效处理前后的冲击韧性进行标准差和均值的检验研究,认为5%应变时效处理对ADB610钢42 mm厚度钢板冲击韧性值的标准差和均值都无显著性差异,即ADB610钢42 mm厚度钢板的冲击韧性对5%内的应变时效处理不敏感。     

激光焊接SiCw/6061Al复合材料的试验研究

本文探索了 SiCw/6061Al 复合材料采用高能量密度激光焊接方法的可能性,对激光焊接规范参数、焊缝结晶特点及接头的显微组织进行了较为全面的分析。试验结果表明,对 SiCw/6061Al复合材料,采用高能激光可以实现其连接,外观成形良好,无气孔、裂纹缺陷。研究认为选用合适的激光焊参数及填料是非常必要的。     

ADB610D钢焊接接头冲击吸收功的统计分布模型

通过进行ADB610D钢焊接接头的冲击吸收功Akv的测定试验及数据采集,建立了确定冲击吸收功的统计分布模型,经多种数理统计检验,对Akv的统计分布函数进行了拟合检验。结果表明：威布尔二参数分布函数是描述ADB610D钢焊接接头冲击吸收功Akv的最佳拟合分布函数。     

ADB610钢冲击功的概率模型及安全冲击功研究

鉴于ADB610钢冲击功(Akv)数据的分散性。采用多种概率统计模型对其进行拟合,并采用相关系数法和柯尔莫哥洛夫～斯米尔诺夫检验法(K-S检验法)检验拟合效果,检验结果显示三参数威布尔分布最优。通过对ADB610钢冲击功置信区间的研究,得到置信度95%、可靠度99.9%的置信区间为[139.5J,217.1J]。最后对冲击功进行求解,以获得一定可靠度下的安全冲击功,分别得到对应可靠度为0.9,0.975和0.99时的安全冲击功228.7J,210.1J和200.7 J。     

Weldability and properties of martensitic/austenitic stainless steel joints

Abstract

A series of studies has been carried out to examine the weldability and properties of dissimilar steel joints using martensitic and austenitic stainless steels F6NM (OCr13Ni4Mo) and AISI 347, respectively. This type of joint requires good mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and a stable magnetic permeability in addition to a good weldability. Weldability tests include weld thermal simulation of the martensitic steel to investigate the influence of weld thermal cycles and post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the heat affected zone (HAZ); implant testing to examine the tendency for cold cracking of martensitic steel; and rigid restraint testing to determine hot crack susceptibility of the multipass dissimilar steel joints. The simulation results indicated that the toughness of the martensitic steel HAZ did not change significantly after the weld thermal cycles. The implant test results indicated that welds produced using nickel based filler show no tendency for cold cracking, whereas welds produced using martensitic or ferritic filler show such a tendency. Based on the weldability tests, a welding procedure (tungsten inert gas welding for root passes with HNiCrMo-2B wire followed by manual metal arc welding using ENiCrFe-3B coated electrode) was developed and a PWHT at 600°C for 2 h was recommended. Joints produced using the developed welding procedure are not susceptible to hot and cold cracking. After PWHT the joints exhibit both satisfactory mechanical properties and stress corrosion cracking resistance.

MST/1955     

Effects of external electric field on microstructure and property of friction welded joint between copper and stainless steel

Formability is a key factor which influences the friction weldability of dissimilar materials. Resistance to formability of metals can be reduced by the electric induced plasticity under an external electric field. Friction welding of T2 Copper and 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel was carried out under the electric fields with an attempt to improve the friction weldability of these two materials. Effects of different types of external electric field on the microstructure of the welded joints were investigated and distributions of the dominating elements in the weld zone were analyzed using EDX. Torsion strength of the joints obtained from different welding parameters was tested. It was indicated that the dynamic recrystallization of the weld metal was enhanced by the applying electric fields. For the specimen connected to the cathode of the power supply (referring to negative field), much homogenous distribution of the recrystallized grains in the weld zone appeared. The diffusion distance of the dominating elements increased under either an AC electric field or a negative field. The torsion strength of the welding joints was improved with applying the external electric field, especially with the AC electric field.     

超高强度船体结构钢焊接性的研究现状和趋势

基于对超高强度船体结构钢及其焊接接头力学性能的总结和讨论，揭示了超高强度船体结构钢的焊接性问题，即在大线能量焊接条件下热影响区粗晶区的低温韧性较差。从马-奥(M-A)组元的生成和粒状贝氏体的生成两方面，分析了产生该焊接性问题的本质原因。总结了改善超高强度船体结构钢焊接性的途径：应用氧化物冶金技术、引入Cu沉淀强化和提高Ni含量。综合对当前超高强度船体结构钢研究现状的分析，认为超低C和高Ni含量的设计可成为进一步改善超高强度船体结构钢焊接性的思路。     

Resistance Spot Weldability of Dissimilar Materials: BH180-AISI304L Steels and BH180-IF7123 Steels

In this study, resistance spot weldability of 180 grade bake hardening steel (BH180), 7123 grade interstitial free steel (IF7123) and 304 grade austenitic stainless steel (AISI304L) with each other was investigated. In the joining process, electrode pressure and weld current were kept constant and six different weld time were chosen. Microstructure, microhardness, tensile-shear properties and fracture types of resistance spot welded joints were examined. In order to characterize the metallurgical structure of the welded joint, the microstructural profile was developed, and the relationship between mechanical properties and microstructure was determined. The change of weld time, nugget diameter, the HAZ (heat affected zone) width and the electrode immersion depth were also investigated. Welded joints were examined by SEM (scanning electron microscopy) images of fracture surface. As a result of the experiment, it was determined that with increasing weld time, tensile shear load bearing capacity (TLBC) increased with weld time up to 25 cycle and two types of tearing occurred. It was also determined that while the failure occurred from IF side at the BH180+IF7123 joint, it occurred from the BH180 side at the BH180+AISI304L joint.     

加载方法对ADB610钢疲劳裂纹扩展的影响

在取样方向、几何尺寸、加工方式和加工精度相同的情况下,分别对板厚20 mm的ADB610钢进行了加载方式、加载载荷和应力比不同的成组多试样疲劳裂纹扩展试验,得到不同情况下的ADB610钢的疲劳裂纹扩展长度a与循环寿命N即a-N试验数据,且并将a-N试验数据与增K法和降K法结合进行试验分析。结果表明,当初始最大加载载荷相同时,两者lg(da/dN)-lg(ΔK)的起始位置相同,当初始最大加载载荷不同时,起始位置不相同。