环保健康负离子陶瓷材料

负离子陶瓷是一种以电气石为主要原料制备的新型功能陶瓷材料。介绍了负离子陶瓷材料的功能特性、制备方法以及应用范围,并对负离子陶瓷材料的应用前景进行了展望。     

环保健康负离子陶瓷材料

负离子陶瓷是一种以电气石为主要原料制备的新型功能陶瓷材料。介绍了负离子陶瓷材料的功能特性、制备方法以及应用范围，并对负离子陶瓷材料的应用前景进行了展望。     

释放负离子功能材料的研究进展

建材标准JC/T2040-2010《负离子功能建筑室内装饰材料》的起草和实施有力地推动了释放负离子功能材料的研究和应用。笔者介绍了负离子的来源、种类、测量技术与评价方法及其作用机理,综述了释放负离子功能材料的制备及应用方面的研究进展,展望了释放负离子功能材料的发展前景。     

释放负离子功能材料的研究进展

要建材标准JC／T2040—2010《负离子功能建筑室内装饰材料》的起草和实施有力地推动了释放负离子功能材料的研究和应用。笔者介绍了负离子的来源、种类、测量技术与评价方法及其作用机理,综述了释放负离子功能材料的制备及应用方面的研究进展,展望了释放负离子功能材料的发展前景。     

负离子橡胶弹性材料的设计与开发

介绍了负离子添加剂的功能和负离子橡胶弹性材料的制备,并根据所测物理性能、负离子数据,阐述了负离子橡胶材料在汽车内饰中的应用效果。     

湿法制备纳米级负离子粉体的研究及应用

详细论述了超细湿法加工制备纳米级功能负离子的原理和方法 ,且介绍了纳米级功能负离子的性质、功能及其在工程中的应用     

负离子陶瓷材料研究进展

能释放负离子的负离子陶瓷材料是一种能够改善污染环境的新型陶瓷材料.介绍了负离子陶瓷材料的种类及功能机理,综述了负离子陶瓷材料的制备及应用方面的研究进展,展望了负离子陶瓷材料的发展前景.     

水性负离子涂料的制备及其应用

阐述了负离子涂料的作用原理和功能,及其特点和制备方法。指出负离子涂料具有广阔的应用前景。     

负离子聚氨酯材料的研究进展

简要介绍了负离子的产生机理,详细论述了国内有关负离子聚氨酯功能材料的制备、应用及不同于其他聚氨酯材料的特点,并对其发展前景给出了建议。     

超细负离子粉在化妆品中的应用

负离子是空气中的一种带负电荷的气体离子,被称为“空气维生素”,有很好的护肤保健功能,但目前在化妆品中的应用尚未受到重视。简述了负离子在化妆品中的功能,通过实验方法制备了含有负离子的功效型化妆品,并对产品进行了性能测试,通过了理化检验和人群试用评价。     

负离子乳胶漆的研究及应用进展

介绍了空气中负离子的作用、负离子乳胶漆释放负离子的原理和国内外负离子乳胶漆产品的研发进展。     

超细负离子粉末/聚丙烯共混物性能研究

根据负离子粉末的特点,对其进行合适的表面改性,将经过改性后的粉末与聚丙烯切片进行共混。研究聚丙烯与超细负离子粉末的共混过程及共混物的相关性能。     

Hydration counteracts the separation of lanthanides by solvent extraction

The extraction of lanthanides from aqueous nitrate solutions by quaternary ammonium nitrate ionic liquids (e.g., [A336][NO₃]) shows a negative sequence (i.e., light lanthanides are more efficiently extracted than heavy lanthanides), which conflicts with the lanthanide contraction. In this study, we explored the origin of the negative sequence by investigating the extraction of lanthanides from ethylammonium nitrate by [A336][NO₃]. The extraction shows a positive sequence, which is converted to a negative sequence with the addition of water. The transformation from positive to negative sequences reveals that the negative sequence is caused by the hydration of lanthanide ions: hydration of lanthanide ions counteracts the extraction. Therefore, the use of solvents that have weak solvation with lanthanide ions might enhance the separation of the elements by solvent extraction.     

FTIR Study of Cobalt Containing Aluminophosphates with Chabasite Like Structure by Using CO and NO as Molecular Probes

FTIR spectroscopy of adsorbed molecules such as CO and NO was used to monitor the nature of cobalt centres in Co-containing aluminophosphates (AlPOs) and silicoaluminophosphates (SAPOs) with chabasite-like structures. The samples were synthesized by following a facile route during which the cobalt ions were directly inserted in the synthesis gels. These studies show that Co²⁺ ions are located in framework positions in CoAPO-34, where they substitute for some Al³⁺ ions, whilst in CoAPSO-34, where Si⁴⁺ ions replacing for some phosphorous lead to negative charges in the aluminophosphate framework, are contemporarily present both in framework and extra-framework positions. It is likely that, in the latter case, some cobalt ions act as counter ions compensating the negative structure.     

Numerical simulation on silane plasma chemistry in pulsed plasma process to prepare a-Si :H thin films

We numerically calculated the effects of pulse modulation (plasma-on and -off times) on the concentration changes of the chemical species (SiH₄, SiH_x, SiH_x⁺ and polymerized negative ions) and also the growth rate of a-Si : H thin films in the pulsed SiH₄ plasmas. During the plasma-on, SiH_x is generated quickly by a fast dissociative reaction of SiH₄, but, during plasma-off, SiH_x disappears rapidly by a reaction with hydrogen and also by the deposition onto the reactor wall. During the plasma-on, the negative ions are polymerized by the reactions with SiH₄, but, during the plasma-off, they disappear by neutralization reactions with positive ions. As the plasma-on time increases or as the plasma-off time decreases, the time-averaged concentrations of SiH_x and negative ions and also the time-averaged film growth rate increase. This study shows quantitatively that polymerized negative ions, which are not considered to be preferred precursors for the high-quality thin films, can be efficiently reduced by the pulsed plasma process.     

邻苯二甲酸在苯并三氮唑银为银源的光敏热显影体系中的作用

本文研究了邻苯二甲酸（H2PA）的用量以及H2PA的阴离子和阳离子对以苯并三氮唑银为银源的光敏热显影体系的影响．结果表明,在苯并三氮唑银体系中,邻苯二甲酸（H2PA）的阳离子（H^＋）降低了体系的pU值,还原剂的显影活性和H2PA与银离子的络合能力;而其阴离子（PA^2-）则与苯并三氮唑银生成中间体,起到传输银离子的作用．     

Charging of aerosol particles by ionizing radiation in the presence of an electric field

An ionizing particle (alpha particle in the experiment) produces pairs of positive and negative ions along its trajectory until its kinetic energy is exhausted. The ion production field can be computed if the system geometry, disintegration rate and energy are known.Without an electric field, positive and negative ions are distributed isotropically around the trajectories of the ionizing particles. In this case aerosol particles are neutralized.When, however, a strong electric field is applied to the ion production field, it dominates ionic motion and creates regions where concentration ratios between positive and negative ions exist. In such a field, particles obtain charges depending on their size and dielectric constant, concentrations of positive and negative ions and electric field strength.Differential equations for impaction charging and diffusion charging were derived for this bipolar case. Solutions are for the most general cases when charging time is finite, and the initial charge is not zero.A simple electrostatic precipitator (ESP) was developed to test this equation for impaction charging. The test dust was lycopodium spores (d = 28 μm). The agreement with theory and experimental results was good. Differences at higher field strengths appear to be due to secondary ionization.     

THE FABRICATION AND PERFORMANCE OF CELLULOSE REVERSE OSMOSIS MEMBRANES

A method for the fabrication of reverse osmosis membranes made from cellulose material is reported along with their performance data with respect to the separation of single electrolyte solutes from their aqueous solutions. The separation depends on the charge and the valence of the ions involved as well as the porosity of the membrane. The larger rejection for electrolytes involving negative ions of higher valence is attributed to a net negative charge on the surface of the membrance. Further, it was found that the solute separation decreases with an increase of feed solute concentration, which is also attributable to the charge on the membrane surface.