共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 294 毫秒
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结构参数对蒸汽喷射压缩器性能的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用有限体积法离散控制方程,标准k ε湍流模型,近壁面处使用壁面函数修正的方法对蒸汽喷射压缩器的超音速混合过程进行数值模拟。计算并分析了第二喉管与工作蒸汽喷嘴喉管面积比、喷嘴出口截面与混合段入口截面间的距离等几何参数对喷射器操作性能的影响。数值结果表明,喉管面积比及喷嘴位置的改变极大地影响着波系结构,在一定的设计工况下,总存在一个最佳的面积比及一个最佳的距离对应于最大的喷射系数,并给出了最佳几何参数下的主要物理特征。 相似文献
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《塑料》2016,(6)
熔体微滴堆叠成形技术是一种适用于热塑性聚合物熔体3D打印成型的方法。文章采用聚丙烯粒料进行了熔体微滴喷射实验,通过调整喷射频率、喷嘴与基板的距离、螺杆转速、基板运动速度等参数,探究了影响微滴尺度控制精度的主要因素。实验结果表明:喷射频率越高,液滴间距和大小越小;但当螺杆转速较低,喷射频率较高时,液滴大小保持不变;螺杆转速在正常的工作范围内对于液滴大小和液滴间距影响较小,只有当转速过高或过低时,才会对成滴效果产生影响;由于液滴与基板的摩擦拖曳效应,喷嘴与基板间的距离对于液滴大小影响较小,而液滴间距随着喷嘴与基板间的距离增大而增大;基板移动速度越慢,液滴的成滴效果越差,甚至出现重熔现象,因此控制基板移动速度在35 mm/s以上较为合适。 相似文献
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蒸汽喷射真空泵性能的CFD模拟研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
采用有限体积法离散控制方程,标准κ-ε湍流模型,近壁面处使用壁面函数修正的方法对蒸汽喷射真空泵的超音速混合过程进行数值模拟。计算并分析了第二喉管与工作蒸汽喷嘴喉管面积比、喷嘴出口截面与混合段入口截面间的距离及混合段的锥度等结构参数及工作蒸汽的压力和温度、引射流体及混合流体压力等热力参数对真空泵操作性能的影响。数值计算结果表明,几何参数的改变极大地影响着波系结构,在一定的设计工况下,总存在一个最佳的面积比及一个最优的相对位置对应于最大的喷射系数,其在物理上的表现形式为通过工作蒸汽喷嘴所产生的激波系刚好能够通过第二喉管。混合段的锥度在一定范围内对真空泵的性能无显著影响,等压混合理论较等面积混合理论具更优的操作性能。根据喷射泵内的物理现象及喷射系数的变化规律将蒸汽喷射真空泵的操作状态分为临界状态、亚临界状态和回流状态三类,同时指出临界点为最佳工作点。 相似文献
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石灰浆液雾化喷嘴是烟气喷雾干燥脱硫系统的关键设备。利用Win212-2型激光粒度分析仪,对不同结构参数的低浓度石灰浆旋流雾化喷嘴的低压雾化性能进行了实验研究,得出了喷嘴结构参数对喷嘴雾化性能的影响规律和石灰浆低压旋流雾化喷嘴的最优化结构参数。优化后的喷嘴结构参数为:旋流片槽数为4,旋流片槽张角6°,旋流室收缩角90°,D/d=4.4~6.4,D/b=6~8,L/b=3.3~4.0。该喷嘴在0.8 MPa的低压下,雾化粒度可达到100 μm以下,雾化角为70°左右,具有良好的雾化性能,比普通喷嘴的雾化性能有较大提高。 相似文献
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以酸碱快速中和反应为例,利用CFX5软件,分析了喷射反应器结构尺寸(扩散段角度、喷嘴/混合段直径比及喷嘴位置)对流动混合特性、阻力分布及反应行为的影响规律。结果表明:喷嘴/混合段直径比存在一个最优值0.35,大于该值,则喷射反应器内相同截面上转化率变低,而小于该值转化率不会进一步提高,但压力降却进一步增加;喷嘴出口离混合段距离越远,反应越早完成,喷嘴出口位置与吸入管中心在同一平面时反应效果最好,在此处的压力降也最大;扩散角度越小,喷射反应器内流体混合越好,相同截面上转化率越高,但同时喷射器的压力降也越大。 相似文献
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煤炭分级利用是煤炭高效低碳利用的主要途径之一,提出一种同时制备热解气和合成气的分级气流床气化炉,炉体上部为煤热解室,下部为煤焦气化室。采用PV6M颗粒测速仪对气化炉内固体颗粒的速度和浓度分布进行测量,并运用CFD软件对气化炉内气固两相流场进行模拟。结果表明,在射流发展区域与射流碰撞后的折射流发展区域,颗粒速度较高;边壁区域颗粒速度较低且出现回流现象。在惯性和气流曳力作用下,热解室内大部分颗粒自流进入气化室。热解室上部径向颗粒浓度中心高边壁低;气化室下部径向颗粒浓度中心低边壁高。热解室与气化室进气量比、喷嘴角度及颗粒直径等对气化炉出口颗粒流出量分配有重要的影响。热解室进气量增大,颗粒从热解室出口流出占比先减小后增大;热解喷嘴偏转角与颗粒Stokes数增大,颗粒从热解室出口流出占比减小。 相似文献
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煤炭分级利用是煤炭高效低碳利用的主要途径之一,提出一种同时制备热解气和合成气的分级气流床气化炉,炉体上部为煤热解室,下部为煤焦气化室。采用PV6M颗粒测速仪对气化炉内固体颗粒的速度和浓度分布进行测量,并运用CFD软件对气化炉内气固两相流场进行模拟。结果表明,在射流发展区域与射流碰撞后的折射流发展区域,颗粒速度较高;边壁区域颗粒速度较低且出现回流现象。在惯性和气流曳力作用下,热解室内大部分颗粒自流进入气化室。热解室上部径向颗粒浓度中心高边壁低;气化室下部径向颗粒浓度中心低边壁高。热解室与气化室进气量比、喷嘴角度及颗粒直径等对气化炉出口颗粒流出量分配有重要的影响。热解室进气量增大,颗粒从热解室出口流出占比先减小后增大;热解喷嘴偏转角与颗粒Stokes数增大,颗粒从热解室出口流出占比减小。 相似文献
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A grid model describing the gas flow and interchange in the grid zone of jetting fluidized beds is proposed. Based on this model, longitudinal gas concentration profiles in the jet and annulus are calculated. The longitudinal gas concentration distribution is also experimentally investigated in a jetting fluidized bed with an inside diameter of 50 mm at the ambient temperature, and a jetting fluidized bed with an inside diameter of 80 mm at high temperatures. Comparison between the calculated and experimental results has shown that the experimental profiles can be qualitatively predicted by the grid model. The results indicated that the concentration in the grid zone depends on the gas exchange between the jet and the annulus, and the net gas flow from the jet to the annulus. The gas exchange rate is mainly affected by the inlet gas velocity from the nozzle. The present study is thought to be helpful to understand the grid gas behavior in the jetting fluidized bed coal gasifier. 相似文献
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C. R. Müller D. J. Holland J. F. Davidson J. S. Dennis L. F. Gladden A. N. Hayhurst M. D. Mantle A. J. Sederman 《加拿大化工杂志》2009,87(4):517-525
Magnetic resonance (MR) was used to image the motion of particles and gas just above the distributor of 3D beds of particles fluidized by air. Three different distributors were used: (i) a single‐orifice distributor, with orifice diameters 1.0–4.0 mm, (ii) a plate, drilled with a triangular array of 79 holes, each of 0.35 mm diameter, with a central nozzle containing a single hole of diameter 1.0, 2.5, or 9.0 mm, (iii) distributors with two or three orifices and diameters of 1.0 or 2.5 mm. It proved possible to extract geometrical information, such as the length of a jet, from MR images, each averaged over ~5 min. Also, light was shed on the question of why is there such a discrepancy between reported jet‐lengths. The fluidization state, the “start‐up” procedure and also the number of holes all play a significant role in determining the measured distance a jet penetrates into a bed. The question as to whether the observed voids represent permanent jets or streams of bubbles was considered. The evidence from ultra‐fast MR measurements strongly suggests that only the lower part of a jet from an orifice in a multi‐orifice distributor is permanent; bubbles form at the top of the jet. Consequently, the top of each jet is transient. However, most of the jet from a single orifice is a permanent cavity when the bed of particles is not fluidized. The length of a jet was successfully correlated with operating variables using dimensional analysis. Finally, the flow of particles around a single jet was measured with high resolution MR. 相似文献
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The experimental study was carried out to optimize the nozzle shape and dimension for the pulse cleaning of a ceramic filter candle. A bench scale unit of ceramic filter consisting of four commercial filter elements was used to measure the traces of the transient pressure around the nozzle and the overpressure in the filter cavity during the pulse-jet injection of pulse gas. Overpressure in the filter cavity is related to the pulse cleaning force. Nozzle design is concerned to increase the overpressure at the open end of filter element of pulse cleaning inlet, as well as to minimize the consumption of pulse gas. Convergent nozzle induces more secondary flow and generates higher pulse cleaning effect than straight nozzle. Nozzles of different convergent ratio (ratio of outlet to inlet diameter of nozzle) by changing the convergent angle and height were tested. The outlet diameter of convergent nozzle seriously influences the cleaning effect. The optimum convergent ratio increases with the increase of pulse gas pressure The nozzle position (distance of nozzle tip from the open end of filter inlet) is also important to decide the nozzle dimension. Nozzle of large outlet diameter accepts high pressure of pulse gas to provide large overpressure in the filter cavity of top position by applying long distance. 相似文献
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喷嘴结构对射流鼓泡反应器的混合和传质性能具有重要的影响。以空气-水作为模拟介质,使用双探头电导探针、电解质示踪法和动态溶氧法,对比研究了缩径式圆形喷嘴和旋扭三角形喷嘴对射流鼓泡反应器中气泡尺寸分布、平均气含率、液相混合时间和气液传质系数的影响规律。实验发现,随着气速或液体射流Reynolds数的增大,两种喷嘴对应的平均气含率、液相混合时间和气液传质系数具有相同的变化规律;与缩径式圆形喷嘴相比,采用旋扭三角形喷嘴的射流鼓泡反应器中气泡尺寸更小,平均气含率更高,宏观混合时间更短;当气体输入功占总输入功比例超过20%时,喷嘴结构对气液传质系数的影响较小,当气体输入功占总输入功比例小于20%时,旋扭三角形喷嘴的气液传质性能优于缩径式圆形喷嘴。研究结果可为工业射流鼓泡反应器喷嘴结构的优化提供理论指导。 相似文献