LF21铝合金稀土转化膜的开裂及其钼酸盐后处理

用化学沉积法在LF21铝合金表面制备了均匀连续的稀土铈化学转化膜,通过电镜、能谱、极化曲线测试和盐雾试验等方法研究了膜的开裂行为以及钼酸盐后处理对膜耐蚀性能的改善作用.结果表明,沉积时间对膜的开裂倾向有显著影响,随沉积时间延长,开裂倾向增大,裂纹更深更宽.在10 g/L的钼酸钠溶液、50℃、浸泡30min的条件下对稀土转化膜进行后处理以后,裂纹程度有所减弱,耐蚀性能明显改善,维钝电流下降约一个数量级,耐盐雾性能也明显提高.钼酸盐后处理提高稀土转化膜耐蚀性的机理可能包括钼酸盐膜在裂纹部位的沉积、钼酸盐的缓蚀作用和稀土转化膜的"自封闭"作用.     

ZK60镁合金磷酸盐及锡酸盐化学转化膜

为了提高ZK60镁合金的耐腐蚀性能,利用磷酸盐溶液或锡酸盐溶液,考察了在ZK60镁合金上形成磷酸盐或锡酸盐化学转换膜的工艺条件及膜层的耐蚀性能。通过改变处理时间和温度,可以得到性能不同的转换膜。通过电化学阻抗谱技术和极化曲线技术研究转化膜的耐腐蚀性能,利用扫描电镜研究其微观结构。结果表明:在磷酸盐溶液中,当处理温度为50℃时,磷化30min后试样的电荷转移电阻(Rct)为224.03Ω·cm2;当温度为80℃,反应时间为45min时,所得转换膜的Rct为377.67Ω·cm2,阻值最大,耐腐蚀性能最好;对于锡酸盐化学转化膜,90℃下,处理60min的膜层耐蚀性能最好,其Rct为388.32Ω·cm2,与磷酸盐化学转化膜相比,两种膜的保护性能相差不大。     

镁合金表面化学转化膜研究进展

总结镁合金表面化学转化膜的研究现状,介绍铬酸盐转化膜、锡酸盐转化膜、磷酸盐/高锰酸盐转化膜、稀土转化膜、植酸转化膜和钼酸转化膜的处理工艺,讨论磷酸盐/高锰酸盐转化膜的成膜机理,分析各种化学转化膜的优缺点,展望今后镁合金表面化学转化膜的发展方向。     

铝合金表面无铬化学转化膜的研究

采用钼酸盐、高锰酸盐作为成膜氧化剂,研究了铝合金化学转化膜的处理溶液,优化了溶液配方与工艺参数,在铝合金表面制备出有良好耐蚀性的转化膜.利用各种测试手段与分析方法,对转化膜的综合性能进行分析,对转化膜的微观形貌与元素组成进行表征.提出了钼酸盐化学转化膜成膜机理.     

Al及LY12Al的表面处理与复合转化膜的耐蚀性能研究

采用失重法与电化学方法研究了纯铝及LYl2铝合金表面钼酸盐和锰酸盐的化学复合转化膜。首先，在不同的钼酸盐(锰酸盐)钝化剂里生成A1，LYl2A1转化膜，然后进行阴极和阳极极化曲线测定，得到一系列电化学参数。将成膜的A1，LYl2A1浸在人造海水中观察，分别测试在pH＝3、pH＝13的3．5％NaCl溶液中的极化曲线。结果表明，处理工艺简单，成膜速度快。铝及铝合金钼酸盐和锰酸盐的化学复合转化膜提高了耐蚀性能，有效地抑制了铝合金在3．5％NaCl溶液中的点蚀。并简单讨论了钼酸盐和锰酸盐的成膜机理及耐蚀作用。     

载波钝化对AZ91D镁合金锡酸盐化学转化膜耐蚀性能的影响

用载波钝化方法控制AZ91D镁合金锡酸盐转化膜成膜过程,用扫描电镜（SEM）观察该转化膜的表面形貌,用极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱研究载波钝化对该转化膜耐蚀性能的影响。结果表明, 载波钝化使AZ91D镁合金表面生成一层颗粒直径略大于传统浸泡处理的锡酸盐转化膜,其耐蚀性能显著提高。     

锡酸盐转化前处理对镁合金化学镀镍镀层的影响

目的利用锡酸盐转化膜中间层避免化学镀镍镀层与金属基体的直接接触,降低其产生原电池腐蚀的趋势,提高镁合金化学镀镍层的耐蚀性及稳定性。方法采用锡酸盐化学转化膜技术在AZ31镁合金表面制备锡酸盐转化膜层,然后通过直接化学镀镍技术在该膜层上沉积Ni-P镀层。利用SEM、EDS、浸泡析氢、电化学测试等手段,研究了复合镀层的显微结构、相组成、耐蚀性。结果锡酸盐转化膜由细小均匀的球形颗粒堆积而成,颗粒之间存在空隙,为直接化学镀镍时镍磷的初始沉积提供了可能。化学转化膜表面沉积的化学镀镍层均匀致密,形成典型的胞状结构。基体-化学转化膜-化学镀Ni-P合金层三者之间的结合良好,保证了复合镀层优良的耐蚀性能。结论化学镀Ni-P层能够在不经过钯活化处理的条件下直接在锡酸盐转化膜上沉积,锡酸盐转化膜中间层避免了Ni-P阴极性镀层与阳极性镁基体的直接接触,降低了Ni-P镀层局部缺陷对整体防护效果的影响,提高了镀层的耐蚀性及耐久性。     

镁及其合金表面化学转化处理技术

镁合金作为结构材料具有优良的性能，其应用日益受到关注，但耐蚀性差却制约了其应用，寻找一种合适的表面处理方法已成为必然。综述了镁及镁合金的各种化学转化膜处理方法，包括铬酸盐转化膜、磷酸盐-高锰酸钾转化膜、锡酸盐转化膜、氟锆酸盐转化膜、稀土转化膜、钴酸盐转化膜以及钼酸盐、硅酸盐等转化处理方法。     

镁合金表面磷酸盐-高锰酸盐转化膜的制备与耐蚀性能

目的在镁合金表面制备磷酸盐-高锰酸盐化学转化膜,以提高镁合金的耐蚀性能。方法以磷酸盐与高锰酸盐为转化处理液,在镁合金表面制备出化学转化膜,进而采用SEM、EDAX、XRD及电化学测试方法研究了转化温度、转化液p H值和转化时间对转化膜形貌、成分、厚度、结构和耐蚀性的影响。结果磷酸盐-高锰酸盐转化膜呈深紫色,由Mg、P、Mn和O元素组成,膜层表面存在网状裂纹,厚度为4~18μm,转化膜的耐蚀性随转化温度、p H值、转化时间的增加呈现先增加后降低的变化规律。结论磷酸盐-高锰酸盐转化膜由镁的磷酸盐组成。磷酸盐-高锰酸盐转化处理的最佳工艺条件为:转化温度40℃,转化液p H=3.5和转化时间15 min。经磷酸盐-高锰酸盐化学转化处理后,镁合金的耐蚀性能得到了明显的提高。     

镁合金环保型化学转化膜工艺研究

采用环保型化学转化工艺,利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射和全浸蚀等分析试验手段,研究了AZ91D镁合金锡酸盐化学转化膜的形貌、相结构及耐腐蚀性.结果表明,转化膜主要由镁的α相、β相和MgSnO2·3H2O组成;该环保型化学转化工艺可获得由近球状微粒构成的银白色膜层,表面均匀平整.该膜层的耐蚀性能优于传统含铬DOW7工艺形成的防护膜,且所用成膜液无铬,符合环保要求.     

Formation and properties of stannate conversion coatings on AZ61 magnesium alloys

The effects of solution composition and temperature on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of stannate conversion coatings on AZ61 magnesium alloys were investigated. The conversion coating consisted of a porous layer as under layer intimately contacted with the magnesium plate and a hemispherical particle layer as major overlay formed right on top of the porous layer. During the coalescence of the hemispherical particles to form a complete coating on the magnesium alloy, some sites of discontinuity inevitably left and determined the corrosion resistance of the coating evaluated using a salt spray test. Increasing bath stannate ion concentration and lowering bath pH increased the population density of the hemispherical particles whose size was accordingly reduced. The corrosion resistance of the conversion coating was improved with finer particles, which were preferably formed at less alkaline solution with higher stannate ion contents. Furthermore, the conditions favoring the formation of finer particles also reduced the immersion time necessary for producing the conversion coating with optimal corrosion resistance.     

微弧氧化增强镁合金钼酸盐转化膜层的制备

目的提高钼酸盐转化膜的耐腐蚀性能,制备微弧氧化增强的钼酸盐膜层。方法采用化学转化法和微弧氧化法在AZ91D镁合金表面制备钼酸盐转化膜、微弧氧化膜和微弧氧化增强的钼酸盐膜层,研究了膜层的电化学行为和腐蚀失重情况,利用SEM、EDS、XRD和激光共聚焦显微镜对膜层的表面形貌、元素组成、物相组成和粗糙度进行分析。结果 XRD分析表明,钼酸盐膜层经过微弧氧化处理后,所得膜层较微弧氧化膜层多出新相MoSi_2。钼酸盐转化膜层经过微弧氧化处理后,相比于微弧氧化膜层,表面变得平整光滑,孔洞微粒变小,粗糙度降低。钼酸盐转化膜经过微弧氧化处理后,在3.5%NaCl溶液中浸泡48 h,膜层失重最低。通过电化学测试,微弧氧化增强钼酸盐膜层的腐蚀电位较钼酸盐转化膜的腐蚀电位正移0.643 V,较微弧氧化膜的腐蚀电位正移0.419 V,腐蚀电流密度较钼酸盐转化膜降低了3个数量级,较微弧氧化膜降低了1个数量级。结论钼酸盐转化膜经过微弧氧化处理后,膜层的耐腐蚀性能优于钼酸盐转化膜和微弧氧化膜,使镁合金的应用前景有所提高。     

Electrodeposition of zinc on AZ91D magnesium alloy pre‐treated by stannate conversion coatings

A stannate chemical conversion process followed by an activation procedure was employed as the pre‐treatment process for AZ91D magnesium alloy substrate. Zn was electroplated onto the pre‐treated AZ91D magnesium alloy surface from pyrophosphate bath to improve the corrosion resistance and the solderability. The surface morphologies of conversion coating and zinc coating were examined with scanning electron microscope (SEM). The phase composition of conversion coating was investigated by X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical corrosion behavior of the coatings in the corrosive solution was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The experimental results showed that the activated stannate chemical conversion coating provided a suitable interface between zinc coating and the AZ91D magnesium alloy substrate. The corrosion resistance of the AZ91D substrate was improved by the zinc coating.     

Effect of permanganate concentration on the formation and properties of phosphate/permanganate conversion coating on AZ31 magnesium alloy

This study investigated the role of permanganate in phosphate solutions in the formation and corrosion resistance of phosphate/permanganate coatings on AZ31 magnesium alloys. Experimental results showed that permanganate was reduced to manganese (IV) oxide together with the dissolution of magnesium during the conversion coating treatment. Adding more permanganate to the phosphate solution resulted in a thinner coating with a compact magnesium oxide layer contacting the AZ31 plate. Moreover, the thinner coating had fewer cracks and displayed higher polarization resistance and corrosion resistance than the thicker counterpart formed in the solution with less permanganate.     

镁锂合金表面高锰酸盐转化膜的研究

采用化学转化法在镁锂合金表面制得了结构致密、耐蚀性能较好的高锰酸盐转化膜,研究了转化液中高锰酸盐溶液浓度对成膜效果的影响.实验采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对所制得转化膜的表面形貌、结构和组成进行了测试.同时,使用动电位极化曲线、电化学交流阻抗谱和腐蚀失重3种方法对镁锂合金及其转化膜的耐腐蚀性能进行了深入研究.结果表明:高锰酸盐转化膜较均匀、平整,间隙较小,转化膜主要由锰的氧化物组成.提高了镁锂合金的耐腐蚀性能,当高锰酸盐溶液浓度为4.0 g/L时,转化膜的腐蚀电流密度小、容抗弧大、腐蚀速率低,耐腐蚀性能佳.     

Corrosion resistant coatings based on synergistic effects of alkaline etching and molybdate treatment for AZ31D magnesium alloy

Eco-friendly, non-toxic protective coatings deposited from molybdate–based solutions have been developed as undercoat thin-films (for subsequent organic top coats) for AZ31D magnesium alloy. Direct treatment of Mg AZ31D substrates with molybdate–based solutions has no significant effect on the overall surface resistance (charge transfer resistance). Alkaline etching of Mg AZ31D surfaces using KOH solution prior to molybdate conversion coating showed significant enhancement in the corrosion resistances The optimum conditions of alkaline etching and molybdate treatment steps have been determined. The total surface resistance was improved from 2.1?×?10³ Ω.cm² (for as-polished AZ31D) to be 3.2?×?10³ Ω.cm² for the alkaline etched samples followed by 10?g?L^?1 molybdate treatment. The resistance to localised corrosion (pitting and crevice) improved significantly after applying the alkaline etching step. Molybdate–based coatings formed on Mg AZ31D exhibited a network of flower-like and needle-like protective molybdenum oxide structures which are belived to be responsible for the improvement in the pitting and crevice corrosion resistance. They impede the corrosive media from reaching the bare metal and hence improve the pitting and crevice corrosion resistances. This simple eco-friendly, low-toxicity pretreatment approach seems very promising and effective for improving the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys in chloride containing solutions.     

Organic-magnesium complex conversion coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

An organic-magnesium complex conversion (OMCC) coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy was obtained by treating in a solution containing organic compounds. SEM, FESEM and XPS were used to examine the surface morphology, thickness and structure of the conversion coatings. The results show that the continuous and uniform conversion coating is deposited on AZ91D alloy and the main component of the coatings is organic compound containing benzene ring, which forms a chemical bond with magnesium. The polarization measurement and salt spray test show that the corrosion resistance of the conversion coating is much higher than that of traditional chromate conversion coating.     

Mg-10Li-1Zn合金锡酸盐转化膜的制备及其耐蚀性能研究

采用含有锡酸钠和磷酸二氢钾两种成分的转化液，在Mg-10Li-1Zn合金表面上得到锡酸盐化学转化膜，研究了该转化膜的微观结构、成膜机制及抗腐蚀性能。结果表明，此膜层均匀、连续，主要由MgSnO3、Mg3（PO4）2和SnO组成。腐蚀试验结果显示，该转化膜改善了基体合金的抗腐蚀能力。     

SiO2 对镁合金阴极电泳涂层耐磨性的影响

目的提高镁合金有机涂层的耐磨性能。方法用KH450硅烷改性Si O2粉体,并充分分散于电泳漆中。用KH460硅烷预处理镁合金表面,并阴极电泳复合涂层。通过铅笔硬度测试、摩擦磨损实验、画圈附着力测试、NMP(N甲基吡咯烷酮)试验和Machu试验,分别评价阴极电泳涂层的硬度、耐磨性能、附着力、抗NMP溶胀性能和耐蚀性,并通过扫描电子显微镜和光学显微镜对磨痕形貌进行分析。结果在镁合金用KH460预处理的前提下,添加Si O2粉体使涂层硬度由4H上升为5H,同时也提高了涂层的耐蚀性,并且涂层的附着力保持为1级,抗NMP溶胀性能仍120 h。在预处理镁合金基体上制得的原漆涂层和添加纳米Si O2的涂层耐磨性较好,磨痕深度与涂层厚度的比值分别为0.47和0.475,摩擦系数均低于0.4;在未预处理镁合金基体上制备的原漆涂层和在预处理镁合金基体上制备的添加微米Si O2的涂层耐磨性较差,磨痕深度与涂层厚度的比值分别为0.665和0.673,摩擦系数均大于0.7。四种涂层磨损破坏的机制主要为疲劳破坏。结论 Si O2粉体的加入可以有效提高涂层的耐蚀性和铅笔硬度,同时不降低涂层的附着力和抗NMP溶胀性能。用硅烷对镁合金进行预处理,向电泳漆中添加硅烷处理的纳米Si O2,可有效提高阴极电泳涂层的耐磨性。