Development and evaluation of the interferometric monitor for greenhouse gases: a high-throughput fourier-transform infrared radiometer for nadir earth observation

The interferometric monitor for greenhouse gases (IMG) was the precursor of the high-resolution Fourier-transform infrared radiometer (FTIR) onboard a satellite for observation of the Earth. The IMG endured the stress of a rocket launch, demonstrating that the high-resolution, high-throughput spectrometer is indeed feasible for use onboard a satellite. The IMG adopted a newly developed lubricant-free magnetic suspension mechanism and a dynamic alignment system for the moving mirror with a maximum traveling distance of 10 cm. We present the instrumentation of the IMG, characteristics of the movable mirror drive system, and the evaluation results of sensor specifications during space operation.     

Tunable double optomechanical induced transparency in an optomechanical system with Bose–Einstein condensate

We investigate the double optomechanically induced transparency (OMIT) of a weak problem field in a hybrid optomechanical system, composed of a Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC), a movable mirror and an optical cavity. Contrast to the single OMIT window in a traditional optomechanical system, the frequency difference between the BEC and the moving mirror in our system can lead to the splitting of the single OMIT window into two transparency windows. Interestingly, the splitting of the two windows varies near linearly with the frequency difference and is robust against the cavity decay. This property can be applied to detect the frequency of the movable mirror. Besides, the driving power and the BEC-cavity coupling strength play a key role in controlling the width of the two transparency windows.     

轨道结构在移动荷载作用下的周期解析解

为研究列车振动在地表的传播规律,推导了轨道结构在移动荷载作用下动力响应的解析解形式。文中首先以Duhamel积分为基础,应用动力互等定理,得到了移动荷载作用下,半无限弹性空间体上任意点的动力响应的一般表达式;然后在该式的基础上,针对轨道结构的周期性特点,将荷载沿钢轨的移动问题转化为拾振点以L为周期向反方向跳跃式移动与荷载只在一个轨枕间距L内移动的组合移动问题。以此,将一个从-∞到+∞的积分问题转化为了任意点频域周期解析的叠加问题,从而得到了轨道结构在移动荷载作用下动力响应的新的解析解形式。     

Efficient numerical approach to unbounded systems subjected to a moving load

The present paper solves numerically the problem of vibrations of infinite structures under a moving load. A velocity formulation of the space–time finite element method was applied. In the case of simplex shaped space–time finite elements, the ‘steady state’ dynamic behaviour of the system was obtained. A properly performed discretization allowed of propagating information in a given direction at a limited velocity. The solutions were obtained under the assumption that the deformation is quasi-stationary, i.e., stationary in the coordinate system that moves with the load. The unbounded Timoshenko beam subjected to a distributed moving load was used as a test example. The dynamical system is placed on an elastic foundation. The matrices describing an infinite dynamical system subjected to a moving load are derived and the stability of the numerical scheme is analysed. The numerical results are compared with the analytical solutions in the literature and the classical numerical method.     

Adsorbed molecules form ordered structures on the surface of metals exposed to an electric field

Submonomolecular films deposited onto a metal surface in an electric field exhibit the phenomenon of self-organization. The ordering is manifested by the formation of molecular chains featuring the mass transfer. This results in the appearance of a stable dynamic network structure, which exists within a certain optimum temperature interval. It is suggested that this phenomenon is related to the electric interactions in a system of dipoles, one end of each dipole being free and another moving on the substrate surface with friction. Modeling of the evolution of this system with time qualitatively agrees with the experiment. These results can be used in high-voltage and vacuum electronics, space technologies, and nanoelectronics.     

五自由度次镜调整机构的研究

在同轴望远镜系统中,主镜和次镜的相对位置和姿态有非常严格的要求,需要将次镜设计成多自由度可以调整的机构.针对次镜调整机构的性能要求,提出一套由二维XY移动平台和三维Tip/Tilt/Focus平台组合成的五自由度次镜调整机构方案.其中三维Tip/Tilt/Focus平台由3个驱动器、定平台与动平台组成,驱动器与动平台之间由柔性铰链连接,通过3个驱动器的伸缩和柔性铰链的转动来实现动平台的三自由度运动.对三维Tip/Tilt/Focus平台的运动学原理作了详细介绍,深入地讨论柔性铰链弯曲刚度和轴向刚度与几何参数的关系.研究结果为五维调整机构及柔性铰链的设计提供客观依据,具有较大的实际意义.     

Fiber ring laser with a feedback mirror

We describe the spectral and power features of a ytterbium-doped double-clad photonic crystal fiber laser that is operated in a ring configuration with an external mirror that feeds back only one of its two output beams. We compare the operation of the laser with and without an external feedback mirror. We find that the feedback mirror reduces significantly the spectral and power fluctuations. It is also responsible for an interesting spectral phenomenon: The laser frequency is drifting periodically over 9 nm at a rate of 2 nm/s from a short wavelength to a longer wavelength and vice versa.     

压电倾斜镜迟滞非线性建模及逆补偿控制

自适应光学系统中的压电倾斜镜通常是用来实时校正大气湍流引起的波前畸变,但压电倾斜镜的响应都有较大的非线性迟滞效应,大大降低了倾斜镜的到位精度,并且影响系统稳定性,制约了倾斜校正系统的带宽,因此需要对迟滞现象进行建模,通过建立的模型进行补偿。本文通过引入迟滞算子,使用贝叶斯正则化训练算法训练BP神经网络来构建压电倾斜镜迟滞模型,以中国科学院光电技术研究所自主研制的压电倾斜镜为对象开展了实验研究。最后的实验结果表明,通过BP神经网络构建的压电倾斜镜迟滞模型具有较准确的辨识能力,其中,X方向的迟滞大小由6.5%降低到了1.3%,Y方向的迟滞大小由7.1%降低到了1.6%。     

Design of polarization-selective diffractive phase elements in a laser cavity

We report a new design for a polarization-selective laser cavity with birefringent diffractive phase elements. This laser cavity can create two modes with different polarizations and profiles launched separately from two end mirrors. The numerical simulation results show that the constructed laser cavity can successfully generate two orthogonal polarization modes with a uniform circular shaped pattern output from one end mirror and a uniform square-shaped pattern output from another end mirror.     

Principle of the moving-mirror-pair interferometer and the tilt tolerance of the double moving mirror

A novel type of interferometer, the moving-mirror-pair interferometer, is presented, and its principle and properties are studied. The new interferometer is built with three flat mirrors, which include two flat moving mirrors fixed as a single moving part by a rigid structure and one flat fixed mirror. The optical path difference (OPD) is obtained by the straight reciprocating motion of the double moving mirror, and the OPD value is four times the physical shift value of the double moving mirror. The tilt tolerance of the double moving mirror of the novel interferometer is systematically analyzed by means of modulation depth and phase error. Where the square aperture is concerned, the formulas of the tilt tolerance were derived. Due to the novel interferometer's large OPD value and low cost, it is very applicable to the high-spectral-resolution Fourier-transform spectrometers for any wavenumber region from the far infrared to the ultraviolet.     

齿轮焊缝超声检测信号降噪方法研究

汽车变速箱齿轮焊缝的超声检测过程中,超声回波信号存在信噪比较低导致误检率较高的问题。该文根据齿轮焊缝超声检测信号中噪声的特点,提出利用经验模态分解进行滤波的方法。针对经验模态分解过程中出现的虚假频率现象,提出镜像扩展的解决算法,把镜内信号映射成一个周期性的信号,抑制端点效应,避免虚假频率现象。仿真结果表明该方法可有效提高信噪比且抑制虚假频率的产生,通过标准伤试块的实验结果表明,该文提出的方法可以在较小硬件开销的情况下,有效减小噪声信号干扰,将噪声峰值从高于闸门8.4%降低到低于闸门7.9%,提高检测效率。     

FT-2100型傅氏光谱仪控制电路及数据采集处理系统

本文阐述了傅氏光谱仪的数据采集及仪器控制电路的设计方法,在自行研制的FT-2100型傅氏光谱仪中,采用了数字PID控制光程扫描电机的转速,分析了影响采样精度的几种因素,还介绍了适用于有关教学的应用软件。     

基于转镜的激光照明系统设计及实验研究

为了实现区域内快速运动微小目标的激光辅助照明,提出了利用转镜与点激光器组成扇形激光辅助照明系统的设计方案.详细论述了转镜面数、外接圆直径及转速与激光照明光幕的关系.给出了该激光照明系统下目标被照亮部分的平均激光功率密度与点激光光源功率、激光扫描速度、点激光发散角、相机曝光时间和目标与激光光源距离之间关系的计算公式.仿真...     

Two-faceted mirror for active integration of coherent high-power laser beams

A new integration method suited for spatially coherent high-power laser beams is demonstrated. The integrator system is based on a mirror with two facets, one of which can vibrate under the action of a piezoelectric translator. After reflection in the faceted mirror, the beam intensity distribution is modified to obtain greater uniformity. However, because of the coherence of the reflected beamlets, this distribution is affected by an interference pattern. The active integration consists of a periodic displacement of the moving facet that causes the interference pattern to vibrate, and its contribution to the intensity profile therefore averages out (fringe visibility within a 5% range). The combination of a faceted mirror and a simple imaging system results in an intensity profile with good uniformity over large spot sizes. Both simulated and experimental results are presented, the latter showing that a final uniformity within a 10% range can be achieved and it is limited mainly by diffraction at the edges of the facets.     

Investigation of Fano resonances in the optomechanical cavity via a magnetic field

We theoretically investigate Fano resonances in a single-cavity optomechanical system, which is driven by an external force arisen from a passed current through one end of a mirror in a magnetic field. It is revealed that the asymmetric Fano shape in the optomechanical system strongly depended on the strength of the magnetic field and current intensity. Further, we study the phase of the transmitted probe light and find a tunable switch from slow to fast light and vice versa via manipulating the magnetic field.     

单边碰撞悬臂梁系统的实验研究和数值模拟

针对基础激励下单边碰撞悬臂梁系统进行详细的实验研究。在实验中,测量悬臂梁自由端的响应信号以及碰撞力信号。从实验结果中可以看到在不同的激励频率下,系统响应会表现出周期运动和混沌运动。在混沌运动的功率谱中发现悬臂梁的高阶模态频率,而在周期运动时这一特征并不明显。利用集中质量法和碰撞条件建立该系统的动力学方程,并运用 Runge-Kutta法直接积分得到系统的动力学响应。从时域和频域两方面分析比较仿真结果与实验结果,两者有较好的吻合度。     

基于镜像序列的体积显示

描述了一种基于镜像序列的体积显示方法及其原理样机.该方法用基于DMD的数字光学引擎在静止的背投屏幕上生成二维图像,此图像经沿法线方向作往复运动的前表面反光镜的反射后,形成一个连续的镜像序列.当二维图像与反光镜的位置作同步刷新时,借助视觉暂留效应,该镜像序列被观察者感知为一个具有物理景深的三维图像.该三维图像由大小一致、分布均匀的体素构成并且没有因屏厚造成的暗影,因而适合三维工程设计对象的精确显示.较之直接移动投影屏幕的方式,该方法避免了实时调焦、放大率校正等光学成像问题,同时将机械扫描的行程缩小了一半.     

对称型内平动齿轮系统的非线性动力学分析

摘要：基于拉格朗日方程,建立了含有两个呈对称布置的平动齿轮的内平动齿轮传动机构的动力学模型,通过啮合相对位移函数分析及无量纲化处理,得到系统的无量纲6自由度运动微分方程。通过对系统可能存在的不对称因素(平动齿轮支撑轴承不对称、啮合间隙不对称以及平动齿轮受载不对称)对系统动力学特性的影响进行分析,表明三种不对称因素均会引起系统的分岔,且混沌区域随非对称因素的不同表现出不同的分布规律,并且使得周期解呈现出不同的特性。     

轴向运动弦线横向非线性振动的能量和守恒

基于轴向运动弦线横向非线性振动的动力学方程，导出系统能量随时间变化的关系，定义了一个在系统振动过程中保持不变的守恒量。     

一种多途环境下水下运动目标被动定位方法

本文根据实际情况建立多途信道和传播模型，由此模型提出了一种利用单水听器进行目标距离事先预知，事后修正的被动测距方法，文章分析了测距误差，在此基础上又提出了利用３个水听器组成的基阵进行运动目标被动跟踪定位的方案，根据该方案建立的定位系统进行海上试验，数据处理结果令人满意，海上试验表明，该方案是一种易于实现而又非常实用的方法。