PS-PVD热障涂层抗沙尘冲刷行为研究

为提高PS-PVD热障涂层的抗沙尘冲刷性能,采用等离子喷涂-物理气相沉积技术(PS-PVD)在粘结层表面制备7YSZ热障涂层,在大气环境下进行了抗沙尘冲刷试验,研究了PS-PVD热障涂层的冲刷行为及失效机制。通过等离子喷涂技术(APS)在PS-PVD热障涂层表面制备了一层致密层状涂层,重点研究了致密层厚度对PSPVD热障涂层抗冲刷失效性能的影响。结果表明PS-PVD热障涂层冲刷过程经历了快速、中速、慢速冲刷三个阶段。随着致密层厚度的增加,对PS-PVD热障涂层抗冲刷性能的提升愈加明显。当致密层厚度为5μm时,对PS-PVD热障涂层抗冲刷性能无明显影响;当致密层厚度为10μm时,PS-PVD热障涂层抗冲刷性能提高了约30%;当致密层厚度为20μm时,PS-PVD热障涂层抗冲刷性能约提高了4倍。     

机械合金化法制备NiCrAlCoY涂层的研究

采用高能球磨机在室温下于碳钢表面制得NiCrAlCoY涂层,利用SEM、EDS、XRD、显微硬度测试和高温氧化实验等方法分析涂层的显微形貌、组织结构、显微硬度及高温氧化性,并对机械合金化过程中基体表面形成涂层的机理作了初步探讨.研究结果表明,提高球磨转速有利于涂层厚度、显微硬度的增加和抗高温氧化性的提高;以400r/min球磨10 h时,碳钢表面形成界面结合良好且平均厚度为50μm的NiCrAlCoY涂层;合金涂层显微硬度HV0.1 最大达706,约为基体硬度的3倍;界面结合处的硬度呈梯度变化,对涂层起到良好的支撑作用,而涂层的存在显著提高了基体的抗高温氧化性能.     

高温热障涂层陶瓷层材料研究进展

热障涂层具有良好的隔热效果和抗高温氧化性能,应用于燃气轮机可以显著提高高温部件的使用温度和寿命。先进航空发动机的发展对热障涂层陶瓷面层材料的防护效果和使用寿命提出了更高的要求。本文综述了掺杂改性氧化锆、烧绿石结构稀土锆酸盐、六铝酸镧、石榴石结构化合物、钙钛矿几种不同新型高温热障涂层的陶瓷材料的研究进展,并在此基础上对热障涂层的发展方向进行了展望。     

PS-PVD 热障涂层显微结构对耐侵蚀性能的影响研究

采用等离子喷涂物理气相沉积 ( PS-PVD ) 技术开展了热障涂层梯度结构调控研究，通过调整喷涂送粉速率， 在底部、中间和顶部沉积阶段制备了五种不同的热障涂层，对热障涂层的显微组织、粗糙度、孔隙率、耐熔盐腐 蚀和耐粒子冲蚀性能进行表征，阐明了显微结构变化对热障涂层耐侵蚀性能的影响。研究表明：送粉速率的变化 对PS-PVD热障涂层羽柱状结构的沉积有显著的影响，低送粉速率下，涂层底部结构比较致密，当送粉速率增大时， 由于粉末颗粒在喷涂过程气化不充分，未熔粒子增加，羽柱状顶部结构趋向致密结构转变，涂层顶部孔隙率下降， 表面粗糙度降低。送粉速率由底至顶梯度递增制备的涂层表现出较高的耐熔盐腐蚀性能和耐粒子冲蚀性能。     

氧化铈稳定纳米氧化锆高温性能的研究

等离子喷涂热障涂层技术广泛应用于航空发动机热端部件的高温防护。应用大气等离子喷涂法成功制备了纳米氧化铈氧化钇稳定的氧化锆(CYSZ)涂层,并与常规氧化钇稳定氧化锆(YSZ)涂层在1300℃下热处理10小时,研究高温对两种涂层性能的影响,与常规的YSZ涂层相比,CeO2的掺杂使涂层具有更高的稳定性。经过高温处理,CYSZ涂层的相结构没有发生明显变化。显微形貌结果表明,CYSZ涂层没有产生裂纹缺陷,涂层中纳米区域晶粒度随着温度的升高略有增大,这表明了纳米结构的CYSZ涂层具有更优异的高温稳定性。热循环氧化实验结果证明,CYSZ涂层具有更长的热循环寿命以及优异的高温抗氧化性能。     

热障涂层的氧化机理分析

热障涂层因其具有优良的抗高温氧化和抗热腐蚀性能而被广泛应用于航空航天、化工、冶金和能源等领域.描述了热障涂层体系中的氧化过程,并对热障涂层体系中热生长氧化层中的生长应力和热应力作了一个初步分析.     

热持久对YSZ热障涂层隔热性能的影响规律

目前热障涂层（TBCs）作为最先进的高温防护涂层之一,已在发动机涡轮叶片上获得了广泛的应用。本文采用涂层热性能高温环境实验系统对发动机环境叶片涂层热持久实验后YSZ热障涂层的隔热能力开展了研究,获得了实验室环境下YSZ热障涂层长时间工作后隔热性能的变化规律,并从微观组织结构变化规律方面开展了分析。     

厚热障涂层的失效分析研究

厚热障涂层因具有优异的隔热效果, 在航空发动机热端部件防护上获得应用。 在高温燃气冲蚀环境中服役 后, 致密厚热障涂层呈局部块状剥落而失效。 本文对涂层失效后的截面形貌、 元素分布、 相结构等进行分析。 结 果表明, 涂层失效的主要原因是表面附着物的渗入和焰流冲蚀下致密厚热障涂层内部应力的增加。 采用高能等离 子喷涂制备具有弥散分布裂纹的厚热障涂层有望提高涂层寿命。     

热障涂层材料及其制备技术的研究

在材料科学和技术深入发展的影响下,在提升高温合金工作温度及使用寿命的过程中热障涂层得到了十分广泛的应用,并且热障涂层材料也得以在航空发动机高温端部件的表面防护发挥关键作用.同时,热障涂层材料也会随着使用需求的变化及技术的更新而得到相应的发展,文章针对热障涂层材料,结构以及全新材料应用和具体的制备技术展开了相应的研究.     

包壳用锆合金表面Cr涂层的高温耐蚀性能

为了提高包壳用锆合金的耐高温腐蚀性能,采用等离子增强物理气相复合沉积（PPC）技术在Zr-4合金试样表面制备了厚度为15μm的Cr涂层,并对其性能进行了表征。通过在（420±3）℃,（10.3±0.7）MPa高温高压蒸汽中进行100 d腐蚀试验,对比了Zr-4基体和Cr涂层试样在高温蒸汽中腐蚀100 d后的耐蚀性能,利用X射线衍射（XRD）分析了涂层的物相,利用扫描电镜（SEM）分析了试样腐蚀后的氧化层厚度及断面形貌,利用能谱（EDS）线扫描分析了腐蚀后试样断面的元素成分,利用金相显微镜（OM）检测试样内部氢化物分布并采用气体分析法测量氢含量。结果表明：采用PPC技术制备的Cr涂层均匀致密,无裂纹、孔洞等缺陷;经高温高压蒸汽腐蚀后,试样表面Cr涂层氧化加重,随着腐蚀时间的延长,基体表面氧化膜厚度逐渐增加,而Cr涂层会发生减薄现象,但剩余涂层连续致密,且基体未出现氧化腐蚀现象,说明Cr涂层具有良好的耐蚀性能;涂层试样比基体具有更低的腐蚀增重率,说明Cr涂层能对基体起到保护作用;Cr涂层部分涂覆的试样涂层与基体过渡区基体侧出现氧化层,但氧化层厚度均匀一致,说明Cr涂层并未加速基体的腐蚀;与...     

Effects of Cold-Rolling Reduction on Microstructure,Thickness, Surface Roughness of AS20/20 and on Bending Toughness of AS20/20-Coated Press-Hardened Steel

The tailor-rolling blanks based on Al–Si-coated press-hardened steel (PHS) have attracted much attention along with the development of lightweight vehicles. The properties of Al–Si-coated PHS with single surface weight of 20 g m⁻² change after cold-rolling and then austenitization, which are little studied. Herein, the effects of cold-rolling reduction ratio on the microstructure, thickness, and roughness of AS20/20 coatings, and on the bending toughness of AS20/20-coated PHS, are explored. The overall continuity of the coatings is unchanged as the reduction ratio increases. When the reduction ratio is 30% or above, rapid diffusion channels are formed at the cracks of Al-filled intermetallic compound layer. Meanwhile, the thickness and surface roughness of the coatings are stable and do not decrease. After austenitization, the coatings are structurally consistent with the increase of the reduction ratio. When the reduction ratio is 30% and above, the thickness and surface roughness of the coatings are stable and do not decrease. The rapid diffusion channels lead to an increment in the proportion of FeAl phase to above 96% after austenitization, which makes the bending angle further increase. The bending angle is enlarged by 44% when the reduction ratio is 50%.     

Elemental composition,topography, and wettability of the surface of graphite modified by ion-assisted deposition of chromium coatings

Elemental composition, roughness, and wettability of a graphite surface modified by ion-assisted deposition of a Cr coating ～300–1000 nm thick are investigated using the methods of Rutherford backscattering, atomic force microscopy, and contact angle measurements. It is established that, in addition to chromium, coatings involve hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen from residual gases of a vacuum chamber because of their incomplete pumping by vacuum pumps and 1–2 at % silicon diffusing from the graphite. It is determined that, as the coating thickness increases, the surface roughness of the modified graphite increases and becomes the predominant factor in increasing its hydrophobicity.     

Corrosion resistance and ion dissolution of titanium with different surface microroughness

In vitro corrosion resistance and ion dissolution of commercial pure titanium with different surface microroughness are studied adopting constant potential meter and atomic absorption spectroscopy. In terms of the surface roughness, titanium samples are divided into 5 groups: smooth surface, machining surface, 2 different microroughness surfaces and macrorough surface. Each group contains three category samples under different treatments: natural oxidation (24 h exposure to air), oxidation under 400 degrees C (400 degrees C, 45 min thermal oxidation), oxidation under 700 degrees C (700 degrees C, 45 min thermal oxidation). In Hanks corrosion media, comparative studies through constant potential anode polarization curves and titanium release rates of the 5 groups of Ti samples demonstrates that oxidation under 400 degrees C best increase corrosion resistance and decrease ion release sharply, oxidation under 700 degrees C is better than natural oxidation. Ti samples with a different surface roughness all have good corrosion resistance and their corrosion resistance drop with the raising of surface roughness. Comparing with macrorough surface and machining surface, microrough surfaces have better corrosion resistance and a lower ion release rate which are similar to those of smooth surfaces. Moreover, the corrosion resistance of machining surface Ti is the lowest. It is hypothesized that surface treatment methods such as surface thermal oxidation, surface aging and so on will improve the corrosion resistance and decrease the ion release rate of rough surface effectively by increasing the thickness of surface protection film, improving its structural uniformity and facilitating the formation of ordered, compact surface protection film.     

C/C复合材料密度及预氧化处理对SiC涂层的影响

采用包埋法分别在密度为0.8、1.4和1.8 g/cm³的炭/炭(C/C)复合材料表面制备SiC涂层,选择密度为1.8 g/cm³的试样研究预氧化处理对涂层结构和抗氧化性能的影响。利用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪研究涂层的显微组织和物相组成,用1500℃静态空气氧化方法测试涂层的抗氧化性能。结果表明,随C/C复合材料密度增大,涂层嵌入基体的深度越小,涂层与基体的分界越明显。密度为1.8 g/cm³的C/C复合材料进行预氧化处理后,表面粗糙度增大,表面的炭纤维周围产生了环形孔隙,再经过包埋制备SiC涂层,涂层厚度增加且更加均匀致密。将样品于1500℃静态空气中氧化334 h后,氧化质量损失率为0.684×10^?4 g/(cm²·h),氧化后表面生成了莫来石相,抗氧化性能有明显提升。     

镀层对金刚石/玻璃复合材料性能的影响

为满足现代电子工业日益增长的散热需求,急需研究和开发新型高导热陶瓷（玻璃）基复合材料,而改善复合材料中增强相与基体的界面结合状况是提高复合材料热导率的重要途径.本文在对金刚石和镀Cr金刚石进行镀Cu和控制氧化的基础上,利用放电等离子烧结方法制备了不同的金刚石增强玻璃基复合材料,并观察了其微观形貌和界面结合状况,测定了复合材料的热导率.实验结果表明:复合材料中金刚石颗粒均匀分布于玻璃基体中,Cu/金刚石界面和Cr/Cu界面分别是两种复合材料中结合最弱的界面;复合材料的热导率随着金刚石体积分数的增加而增加;金刚石/玻璃复合材料的热导率随着镀Cu层厚度的增加而降低,由于镀Cr层实现了与金刚石的化学结合以及Cr在Cu层中的扩散,镀Cr金刚石/玻璃复合材料的热导率随着镀Cu层厚度的增加而增加.当金刚石粒径为100μm、体积分数为70%及镀Cu层厚度为约1.59μm时,复合材料的热导率最高达到约91.0 W·m-1·K-1.      

基体条件对等离子喷涂Sm2Zr2O7/NiCoCrAlY功能梯度热障涂层热冲击性能的影响

采用有限元分析软件ANSYS对等离子喷涂Sm2Zr2O7/NiCoCrAlY功能梯度热障涂层在金属基体材质类型、厚度、半径变化时涂层的冲击热应力进行了分析。结果表明,涂层热应力及其应力梯度随着金属基体热膨胀系数增加而增大。当基体厚度超过20 mm后,其对冲击热应力的影响基本可以忽略。涂层热应力随基体半径增加而增大,当超过18 mm后,基体半径对涂层应力影响不大。     

射频磁控溅射法制备Ti掺杂ITO薄膜的厚度对膜结构与光电性能的影响

利用Ti掺杂ITO靶材,采用单靶磁控溅射法在玻璃基底上制备厚度为50~300 nm的ITO:Ti薄膜。借助X射线衍射(XRD)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、可见光分光光度计、霍尔测试系统和四探针电阻测量仪,研究薄膜厚度对薄膜的晶体结构、表面形貌和光电性能的影响。结果表明:ITO:Ti薄膜呈现(400)择优取向,随薄膜厚度增加,薄膜的结晶程度增强,晶粒度增大,薄膜更致密。随薄膜厚度增加,薄膜的均方根粗糙度和平均粗糙度以及电阻率都先减小再增加,薄膜厚度为250 nm时,表面粗糙度最小,蒋膜厚度为200 nm时,电阻率最低,为2.1×10-3?·cm。不同厚度的薄膜对可见光区的平均透过率都在89%以上。     

Structure and Corrosion of High Voltage Anodic Oxide Coatings on Ti6Al4V Biomaterial

Oxide coatings were produced on Ti-6Al-4V alloy by anodization process using two different aqueous electrolytes. The electrolytes contained calcium and phosphorus in the molar ratios of 5 and 15, respectively. Coatings were obtained by applying 250 and 300 V and were characterized by XRD and TEM. Properties like chemical composition, thickness and surface roughness were obtained. All the coatings contained TiO₂ along with calcium and phosphorus. Electrochemical polarization and AC impedance studies were done in Simulated Body Fluid medium. The coating obtained by oxidation at 250 V from the bath maintained at Ca/P ratio of 5 had better corrosion properties. Improvement in corrosion resistance was attributed to the presence of phosphorus in the coatings.     

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Abstract

Bone ingrowth into and through porous coatings on orthopaedic implants can substantially improve fixation. However, the introduction of pores increases surface roughness and also the risk of bacterial adherence, which can lead to infection (in extreme cases, to death) and complicate implant surgery due to the high risk of revision being required. Improving osseointegration without increasing infection risk is therefore a major challenge in implantology. Staphylococcal adhesion and biofilm formation on Ti surfaces of varying roughness and porosity have been investigated in vitro. Porous pure titanium coatings, obtained by a PM processing route based on the electrophoretic deposition of TiH₂ followed by thermal treatment in vacuum, significantly reduced bacterial colonisation of the surface compared with a state-of-the-art vacuum plasma sprayed coating. Further reduction of biofilm formation could be obtained by additional surface modification.