实时采集中异常值的自动甄别与纠错方法研究

随着科学技术进步,规模猪的生长过程研究手段也日益现代化。传统上对猪的生长研究大多采用人工收集数据,不仅麻烦费事,而且极易产生猪的应激反应,对猪的生长产生影响。随着各种传感器和现代通讯技术在养猪事业中的应用,数据的收集变得更加科学、方便。然而,由于采集数据对象的特殊性,使得在采集数据的过程中,客观存在挤、拱、撞等现象,从而造成采集的数据存在偏差,对后期分析研究猪的生长性状产生一定影响,因此,必需加以修正。鉴于此提出了将经典算法与神经网络方法相结合来自动甄别与纠正采集的数据,通过Matlab仿真及在安徽菩提果公司研发的“9SC-05猪用选种选料自动测定设备系统”的应用实践,表明该方法具有纠错准确率高、速度快、适应性好等优点。     

Knowledge work and communication challenges in networked enterprises

A modern enterprise is a heavily wired and networked socio-technical system where multiple components play in symphony to yield a competitive position in the ear of digital economy. While the underling communication and interaction systems facilitate knowledge workers to carry out the enterprise mission and furnish service to the society, there are many other aspects that rather have adverse effects on the productivity of an enterprise and interruption of knowledge workers, which pose a serious scientific challenge. In this paper, we briefly discuss certain challenging aspects of knowledge work and communication processes in networked enterprises that require more profound scientific attention in networked enterprises. This paper introduces the problem, identifies some specific research challenges, and then briefly discusses emerging research that addresses some of these challenges.     

From Shared Databases to Communities of Practice: A Taxonomy of Collaboratories

Promoting affiliation between scientists is relatively easy, but creating larger organizational structures is much more difficult, due to traditions of scientific independence, difficulties of sharing implicit knowledge, and formal organizational barriers. The Science of Collaboratories (SOC) project conducted a broad five-year review to take stock of the diverse ecosystem of projects that fit our definition of a collaboratory and to distill lessons learned in the process. This article describes one of the main products of that review, a seven-category taxonomy of collaboratory types. The types are: Distributed Research Centers, Shared Instruments, Community Data Systems, Open Community Contribution Systems, Virtual Communities of Practice, Virtual Learning Communities, and Community Infrastructure Projects. Each of the types is defined and illustrated with one example, and key technical and organizational issues are identified.     

跨学科前沿与应用的交汇点:日常活动理解

人口老龄化是对当今大多数国家的未来产生重大影响的社会因素.为了解决由此而来的巨大经济和社会压力,目前现实可行的方法是依靠高度发展的信息和通信技术,自动识别和理解人们在家居环境下的日常活动(ADL),向老人提供日常生活辅助以尽可能地延长老人在家中独立生活的时间.由于日常生活发生的物理环境是非结构化的自然环境.ADL识别与理解的任务就是动态上下境下,在时间和空间上对用户的日常活动进行观察、处理、分析、推理和决策的过程.这本质上是要求系统具有类似人类的认知能力.因此,ADL的识别和理解是传统的信息处理方法特别是计算机视觉方法、认知计算和推理等基础理论研究,和未来老龄化社会重大应用的交汇点.开展ADL识别与理解的研究将有利于推动学科的发展和社会的进步.本文旨在讨论ADL的识别和理解中的技术挑战和基本科学问题,通过分析相关研究现状以及讨论与ADL识别需求之间的差距,为探索研究思路提供新的方向.     

基于USB总线的可编程函数发生器设计

函数发生器是工程测试、教学科研等领域中不可缺少的一种测试设备。采用符合USB2．0协议规范的CY7C68013A接口芯片,结合Cyclone系列FPGA的硬件描述设计方法,实现频率、相位等波形参数的快速调整。通过虚拟仪器技术使用计算机软件高效地计算和分析波形数据并通过通用串行总线（USB）向硬件模块传递。软硬件之间设计标准的通信接口,应用功能可按用户需求配置,满足了现代系统化测量方法的需求。实验结果表明,所设计的函数发生器能够实现任意形式信号发生的功能,而且方便易用,灵活实用。     

科技项目统计信息系统的设计与实现

根据科技项目情况统计涉及的统计表类型繁多 ,要求统计数字准确、图表精美的特点 ,设计了一个由2 2个关联的表构成的科技项目统计关系数据库 ,对全省每年的科技项目进行各种统计、绘制统计图表 ,并介绍了VFP与 EXCEL间的通信 ,VFP生成图表等几个实现重点     

Expanded cloud plumes hiding Big Data ecosystem

Today, a paradigm shift is being observed in science, where the focus is gradually shifting away from operation to data, which is greatly influencing the decision making also. The data is being inundated proactively from several sources in various forms; especially social media and in modern data science vocabulary is being recognized as Big Data. Today, Big Data is permeating through the bigger aspect of human life for scientific and commercial dependencies, especially for massive scale data analytics of beyond the exabyte magnitude. As the footprint of Big Data applications is continuously expanding, the reliability on cloud environments is also increasing to obtain appropriate, robust and affordable services to deal with Big Data challenges. Cloud computing avoids any need to locally maintain the overly scaled computing infrastructure that include not only dedicated space, but the expensive hardware and software also. Several data models to process Big Data are already developed and a number of such models are still emerging, potentially relying on heterogeneous underlying storage technologies, including cloud computing. In this paper, we investigate the growing role of cloud computing in Big Data ecosystem. Also, we propose a novel XCLOUDX {XCloudX, X…X}classification to zoom in to gauge the intuitiveness of the scientific name of the cloud-assisted NoSQL Big Data models and analyze whether XCloudX always uses cloud computing underneath or vice versa. XCloudX symbolizes those NoSQL Big Data models that embody the term “cloud” in their name, where X is any alphanumeric variable. The discussion is strengthen by a set of important case studies. Furthermore, we study the emergence of as-a-Service era, motivated by cloud computing drive and explore the new members beyond traditional cloud computing stack, developed in the past couple of years.     

Building virtual community in computational intelligence and machine learning [Research Frontier]

It has been almost forgotten that not so long ago all research paper submissions were made in hard copy. At that time communication between far-away scientists could take months or years, thus making collaborations between distant teams slow and impractical. In the modern scientific community it is hard to imagine collaboration without e-mail, internet search engines, online submission sites, and other similar tools. Building on these modern conveniences, an even newer concept has arisen, namely of virtual organization.     

高校教科研项目网上评审系统设计与实现

随着现代信息技术和计算机网络技术的不断发展,高校管理的全面信息化成为必然趋势。高校的教科研项目评审工作应适应信息化发展需要,构建切合工作实际的教科研项目网上评审系统,可以有效提升高校教科研项目评审及管理的效率和服务水平。传统的教科研项目评审及管理主要依靠手工完成,存在工作流程不规范、办公资源浪费严重、评审周期长、结果反馈滞后等诸多不足。立足现状,运用计算机网络和信息技术,设计和开发高校教科研项目网上评审系统,简化项目申报、评审和管理流程,强化对项目申报及评审的过程管理,实现教科研项目申报和评审工作的信息化和网络化。     

集成技术的魅力

集成技术是一个多学科交叉的综合技术,也是由于计算机、通信、传感器以及装备技术发展到一定程度而出现的新型前沿学科,且是科研单位和企业进行自主创新的一种新的模式,更是新产品在研发过程中应对技术变化的一种有效措施。解决现代装备制造业的紧迫任务就是研究和发展先进的集成技术,加速信息技术、传感器技术、控制技术在制造业中的集成和交叉。     

全球变化空间观测研究的文献计量分析

全球变化研究是国际科学界跨世纪的重大研究主题。随着全球环境问题的日益突出,全球变化研究日益得到国际科学界和国际社会的高度关注。空间观测是全球变化研究的一种不可或缺的重要方法,在全球变化研究中发挥着不可替代的重要作用。科技文献能够反映科学研究的发展动态,利用Thomson Data Anlyzer(TDA)和Ucinet对SCIE文献数据库中收录的1980~2009年间的全球变化空间观测研究论文进行数据挖掘和分析。结果表明,该研究涉及多个学科领域,大量研究始于1990年,气候变化、碳循环、土地利用变化等是该领域的主要研究内容,遥感、建模等是主要的研究方法,美国在该研究领域具有很大优势。     

A quantitative study of parallel scientific applications with explicit communication

This paper studies the behavior of scientific applications running on distributed memory parallel computers. Our goal is to quantify the floating point, memory, I/O, and communication requirements of highly parallel scientific applications that perform explicit communication. In addition to quantifying these requirements for fixed problem sizes and numbers of processors, we develop analytical models for the effects of changing the problem size and the degree of parallelism for several of the applications.The contribution of our paper is that it provides quantitative data about real parallel scientific applications in a manner that is largely independent of the specific machine on which the application was run. Such data, which are clearly very valuable to an architect who is designing a new parallel computer, were not previously available. For example, the majority of research papers in interconnection networks have used simulated communication loads consisting of fixed-size messages. Our data, which show that using such simulated loads is unrealistic, can be used to generate more realistic communication loads.     

南疆铁路电源及环境集中监控系统的设计与开发

南疆铁路电源及环境集中监控系统一种基于SDH光纤通信网络的监控系统，开发和完善这样一个网络管理系统需要涉及到包括网络通信技术、信息系统技术、数据库技术以及现代软件开发技术等多方面的内容，文章介绍了在系统开发过程中所采用的一些同上述内容相关的关键性技术及方法。     

多相流过程参数检测技术综述

多相流是现代流程工业及其相关科研领域内常见的控制与研究对象, 对其过程参数的检测是工业生产与科学研究中的一个研究热点问题. 本文针对工业过程中的多相流过程参数检测问题,介绍了多相流的特点及其过程参数, 并分类介绍了多相流过程参数检测方法,重点讨论了检测的难点及其未来发展趋势, 为更好地解决复杂工业过程多参数检测问题提供方法基础和借鉴.     

Scientific Data Collections and Distributed Collective Practice

As the basic sciences become increasingly information-intensive, the management and use of research data presents new challenges in the collective activities that constitute scholarly and scientific communication. This also presents new opportunities for understanding the role of informatics in scientific work practices, and for designing new kinds tools and resources needed to support them. These issues of data management, scientific communication and collective activity are brought together at once in scientific data collections (SDCs). What can the development and use of shared SDCs tell us about collective activity, dynamic infrastructures, and distributed scientific work? Using examples drawn from a nascent neuroscience data collection, we examine some unique features of SDCs to illustrate that they do more than act as infrastructures for scientific research. Instead, we argue that they are themselves instantiations of Distributed Collective Practice (DCP), and as such illustrate concepts of transition, emergence, and interdependency that may not be so apparent in other kinds of DCPs. We propose that research into SDCs can yield new insights into institutional arrangements, policymaking, and authority structures in other very large-scale socio-technical networks.     

网络匿名度量研究综述

保护网络空间隐私的愿望推动了匿名通信系统的研究,使得用户可以在使用互联网服务时隐藏身份和通信关系等敏感信息,不同的匿名通信系统提供不同强度的匿名保护,如何量化和比较这些系统提供的匿名程度从开始就是重要的研究主题,如今正得到更多关注,成为新的研究焦点,需要开展更多的研究和应用.匿名度量可以帮助用户了解匿名通信系统提供的保护级别,帮助开发者在设计和改进匿名通信系统时提供客观和科学的依据.给出了匿名度量研究的通用框架,包含匿名通信、匿名攻击和匿名度量三个部分及其相互关系.综述了匿名度量领域的研究工作,寻找其发展脉络和特点,按时间线回顾和归纳基于多种理论和方法的匿名度量标准,结合匿名通信攻击技术对典型的度量方法各自的特点和相互关系进行梳理和比较,介绍度量研究新的进展,展望研究的下一步方向和发展趋势.分析表明,匿名度量有助于判断匿名通信系统是否提供了所承诺的匿名性,用于表达匿名程度的度量标准越来越多样,基于信息论的度量方法应用最为广泛,随着Tor等匿名通信系统的大规模部署,出现了基于统计数据针对真实系统和基础设施进行的匿名性评估.随着匿名技术的新发展,如何扩展度量标准应用于新出现的匿名技术,如何组合度量标准以适用于新的匿名系统,都是有应用前景的研究方向.     

攀钢1450热连轧改造系统过程计算机之间的通讯

简单介绍了攀钢1450热连轧改造系统过程计算机之间相互通讯的三种方式。描述了系统中数据中心、各过程控制计算机的功能,并详细说明了加热炉、粗轧、精轧过程计算机之间以及过程计算机与数据中心之间的通讯接口,在通讯程序中运用了自动重发,重连等机制,保证了通讯的快速性、正确性和可靠性。实践表明,通讯系统运行平稳可靠。     

5G网络在智能交通中的应用发展趋势分析

Along with the advent of 5G era, China's transportation industry for intelligent development enters into the fast lane. Based on the integration of communication technology, Internet of things technology, big data technology, cloud computing technology, ar- tificial intelligence technology and so on, the whole process and all-round intelligent control are carried out in traffic construction, traffic management, road transportation, traffic service and so on, so as to ensure smooth and safe travel and to provide good servic- es to road, railway, civil aviation, water transportation and other transportation networks. It is the important feature of intelligent transportation in the 5G era. This paper analyses the trend of application and development of 5G network in intelligent transporta- tion, which is the research basis of perfecting transportation service and the scientific basis of promoting the intelligent and modern development of transportation in China.