AZ31/AA5083双金属筒形件气压胀形-冷缩结合工艺

通过气压胀形实验研究AZ31/AA5083双金属筒形件气压胀形-冷缩结合工艺的基本成形规律。结果表明:双金属筒形件的适宜成形温度为450℃左右,双金属筒形件因两种金属热膨胀系数不同而收缩不同,在筒间形成过盈配合,筒间残余接触应力取决于双金属收缩量的差异,计算出筒间残余接触应力为2.96 MPa,接触应力过大会导致底部失稳凸起;同时,给出筒底凸起失稳发生的判据。降低成形温度、增大筒底圆角半径和保压冷却等能够防止内层筒筒底失稳;内外层筒形件壁厚不均匀,底部圆角处减薄率达到80%,最易发生破裂;加载路径对壁厚分布几乎没有影响。     

20/316L双金属复合管旋压成形数值模拟与分析

旋压成形双金属复合管的质量与其工艺参数密切相关。为提高复合管成形质量以及合理选取旋压工艺参数,采用有限元分析软件ABAQUS模拟双金属复合管的旋压成形过程,分析衬管和基管径向、环向、轴向应力及其间的残余接触应力的分布;利用控制变量法研究旋压工艺参数嵌入量δ、衬管与基管间隙ψ、导向角β、进给率f对复合管残余接触应力的影响。结果表明,随着δ和f的增加,残余接触应力均先增加后减小;随着ψ的增加,残余接触应力几乎呈线性增加;而随着β的增大,残余接触应力下降,在δ=0.16mm、f=0.31、ψ=0.5mm、β=2°时,残余接触应力取得最大值。复合管的拉脱实验验证了数值模拟的正确性。     

初始间隙对双金属复合管液压成形的影响研究

在双金属复合管液压成形中,基管与衬管之间的初始间隙是影响双金属复合管成形质量的关键因素之一。本文建立了双金属复合管液压成形过程的有限元模型。基于该模型,系统深入地研究了初始间隙对成形过程的影响。结果表明:随着初始间隙增大,在基管弹性回复的作用下,衬管中产生的压缩弹性变形减小,基管内壁的回弹量稍有下降,而衬管外壁的回弹量则逐渐上升,基管和衬管之间的残余接触应力逐渐下降。     

液压复合管残余接触应力的影响因素

分析了双金属复合管的液压胀合原理,计算了液压复合管的理论最小胀合压力与最大胀合压力。分析了影响液压复合管残余接触应力的不同因素,并通过试验进行了验证。结果表明:基管的材料强度是液压复合的基础,必须满足内外管弹性模量之比E内/E外大于内外管屈服强度之比Y内/Y外;在一定范围内残余接触应力Pc*随着胀合压力Pi的增加而增大,且Pc*有极限值;当加热温度超过反向屈服温度,残余接触应力随温度的升高逐渐降低。     

镁合金管材包覆挤压界面特性研究

采用5083铝合金和纯铜为包覆材料,AZ31镁合金为基体材料挤压出镁合金复合管材。当挤压比为23. 0时,铝外包覆镁管界面与铜内包覆镁管界面均结合良好,镁铝界面结合强度大于镁铜界面结合强度。界面研究结果表明,铝包镁与铜包镁界面两侧元素均未发生明显远程扩散。镁铝双金属界面层主要是化学反应形成Al_3Mg_2,镁铜双金属界面层无化学反应产生,属于固相扩散,元素扩散层较薄。     

双金属复合管液胀成形压力分析研究

本文首先分析了双金属复合管液胀成形原理,在获得基管和衬管材料力学性能参数的基础上对基管和衬管满足液胀复合判据条件进行了研究;研究了不同胀形压力下基管与衬管残余接触压应力的变化;最后研究了不同衬管材料对胀形压力和残余接触压应力的影响,为双金属复合管液胀成形工程实际提供了重要依据。     

双金属复合管液压胀形工艺参数的优化设计

液压成形法生产的双金属复合管具有良好的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能,合理设置工艺参数对获得高质量复合管具有重要意义。基于满足工程实际的有限元模型,采用不同的胀形压力、初始间隙和衬管壁厚进行了双金属复合管液压成形过程的模拟试验。通过正交试验设计和综合优化分析得到:影响残余接触应力的主次顺序依次为胀形压力、衬管壁厚、初始间隙;影响回弹的主次顺序依次是胀形压力、初始间隙、衬管壁厚。综合考虑残余接触应力和回弹两个评价指标,确定胀形压力170 MPa、初始间隙2 mm、衬管壁厚3 mm为最优工艺参数组合。     

L360QS/Incoloy825镍基合金液压复合管的有限元模拟与试验

基于双金属复合管的液压胀合原理,计算出L360QS碳钢管/Incoloy825镍基合金管液压胀合的最小胀合压力P_(imin)=46.84MPa、最大胀合压力P_(imax)=51.67MPa。采用ABAQUS有限元确定了解析最小胀合压力与残余接触应力P_c~*,并通过液压胀合试验进行了验证对比。结果表明,有限元确定的解析最小胀合压力为47.45MPa,与理论计算值P_(imin)较吻合;模拟最大胀合压力P_(imax)卸载后的管间残余接触应力P_c~*=0.98MPa;通过液压胀合试验,采用推出法测定并计算管段长度分别为200mm和50mm时的管间残余接触应力为0.7MPa和0.65MPa,略小于有限元模拟结果,这是由实际管体的椭圆度、内外管间隙不均匀等原因造成。     

双金属复合管高压液胀成形理论分析与有限元计算

运用弹塑性理论,分析了双金属复合管高压液胀成形过程各阶段的特点,确定出液胀成形力的最大、最小值计算公式;通过有限元数值模拟分析,验证理论计算的正确性,并模拟分析液胀成形力过大后内衬管的局部起皱现象.理论分析及模拟结果可为双金属复合管液胀成形的工业化应用奠定良好的基础.     

Fe/Al复合管液压胀形数值模拟及试验研究

为研究液压胀形过程中双金属复合管件的成形性能,利用有限元模拟方法对Fe/Al双金属复合管液压胀形进行了计算.研究了内压和摩擦对复合三通管件减薄率分布的影响,并比较了纯铁层和纯铝层之间的壁厚减薄率分布差异.根据数值模拟计算的结果,对Fe/Al双金属复合管进行了成形试验研究.研究结果表明,成形过程中纯铁层和纯铝层之间结合良好,通过调节摩擦系数和内压力大小可以控制Fe/Al双金属复合正三通管件的成形质量.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.