气固搅拌流化床流化和干燥特性实验研究

通过测定不同搅拌速度、床层高度下床层压降与表观气速间的关系,研究了水平桨气固搅拌流化床的流化特性。实验表明,搅拌增强了气固接触,明显改善了流化床的流化质量。对不同气速、不同搅拌速度下气固流化床的干燥特性进行了实验研究,结果表明,搅拌能加快流化床的传热速率,提高干燥速度。     

浅层流化床水平埋管与床层间的传热

针对浅层气－固流化床床层与水平埋管间的传热特性进行了实验研究，同时利用光导纤维对床层与壁面间的接触动力学参数进行了检测，从而从流体力学的角度，分析了传热的实验结果。基于乳化团与气泡相与传热面的交替接触，通过理论分析，提出了浅层流化床中水平埋管传热的模型方程，模拟值能较好地与实验结果相符合。     

气固流化床中流动结构调控的研究进展

由于气固流化床内部气相与颗粒相的流动使得两相的传热传质效率变高，所以在工业中可以影响工业产品的收率，这使得床层中的气体与颗粒的流动备受学者们的关注。充分了解床层中气固两相的行为进而提高气固两相之间的接触，对气固流化床的更广泛应用、工业产能的提高、资源的更有效利用等方面具有重要的意义。介绍目前气固流化床内流动结构的研究进展，总结了气泡与颗粒一定的运动规律。此外，对研究颗粒流动的方法进行了讨论，并对它们的应用前景进行了展望。     

烧结矿余热回收竖罐内气固传热特性

以自制气固传热实验装置为操作平台,实验研究了烧结矿颗粒填充床内的气固传热特性。结果表明:气体表观流速和烧结矿颗粒直径是影响颗粒床层内气固传热过程的主要因素。气体表观流速越大,颗粒直径越小,床层内气固传热系数就越大。当烧结矿颗粒直径和气体表观流速一定时,床层内烧结矿颗粒温度的升高导致床层气固传热系数的增加和传热Nusselt数的减小。由于计算误差较大,现有的经验关联式不适用于求解烧结矿颗粒床层内的气固传热过程。基于量纲分析法,并结合实验测量数据拟合得出了能够描述烧结矿颗粒床层内气固传热特性的实验关联式,平均计算误差为4.22%,显示了良好的预测性能。     

脉冲对流化床气-固流动特性的影响

运用双流体法建立了三维脉冲流化床模型,模拟了不同脉冲下流化床内的气固流动特性。通过床层压降与气体空隙率分布的比较和分析,发现：脉冲可明显地降低床层压降,减小气泡尺寸;脉冲频率越大,床层压降越大;脉冲气流中有稳定气流的床层压降比无稳定气流的床层压降更小;脉冲振幅的增强可适量增加气体空隙率,但床层压降也增大。     

离心流化床干燥器传质性能实验研究

以 10种颗粒物料为研究对象 ,分析了床层厚度、粒径、转鼓转速和气体流速等因素对离心流化床干燥器传质特性的影响 ,得到了离心流化床干燥器传质的准数关联式     

离心流化床初始流化状态的研究(Ⅰ)基本理论

通过简化求解离心流化床连续介质模型基本控制方程,获得了初始流化速度、压力、空隙率、空隙气速、床层膨胀和床层压降的计算方程式。理论预报的临界流化速度和床层压降与实验结果吻合得很好。揭示了离心流化床随流速增大由表面逐层初始流化;流化后各半径处流化程度不同。理论分析还表明气体压缩性的影响随着床体转速的增大而增大。     

气固移动流化床干燥器流化与传热特性研究

以不同粒径的分子筛颗粒与炼焦煤颗粒为原料分别在气固移动流化床干燥器内进行了双组分颗粒分级流化行为特性与气固间传热特性的实验研究。考察操作气速、颗粒直径与不同粒径配比的变化以及搅拌转速对床层阻力的影响,并对流化状态加以描述分析,研究了干燥器气固间传热特性,得出了相应的表面传热系数关联式,计算值与实验值的误差小于15％。     

空气重介质流化床分选技术：（I）基础研究

本文阐述了开展研究空气重介质流化床分选技术的意义，介绍了空气重介质流化床分选原理和空气重介质流化床的床层特性。系统总结了重介物质的物性和操作气速对床层特性的影响。同时对气体分布板设计和适宜的操作气速等进行了相应的讨论。     

振动对气固注化床特性的影响

对振动流化床的几个主要性能进行了单参数的理论分析，讨论了振动对气固流化床的起始流态化速度、流化型式和传热机理的影响。认为振动加入到气固流化床中形成的振动气固流化床在干燥、传热等操作中具有速度快、效率高、节能等优点。     

离心流化床中强制对流换热的实验研究

对离心流化床干燥器中气体与被干燥颗粒物料之间的强制对流换热进行了实验研究,获得了各主要运行参数对气固换热系数的影响规律,并利用场协同原理分析了对流换热强化的机理. 实验证明,在一定转速范围内,在气流速度方向和热流方向（温度梯度方向）一致时,换热的准则关联式具有Nu＝CRePr的形式. 获得了满足Nu～RePr呈直线关系的Pe(Pe=RePr)数变化范围和临界Pe数,当Pe数大于临界值后,离心流化床中对流换热强度随Pe数增加而增大的趋势会明显减缓并偏离线性区.     

离心流化床干燥过程中传热传质的数值模拟

通过对典型的多孔湿物料在离心流化床中干燥过程的理论分析和实验研究 ,首次将含湿多孔介质传热传质过程和物料与气流之间的外部传递过程相耦合 ,导出了离心流化床的理论模型和控制方程组 ,对于离心流化床中湿物料的干燥过程引进了数值模拟 ,结果表明增加气体表观流速、控制入口气体的温度和相对湿度以及加大床体转速均对干燥有不同的影响     

INVESTIGATION ON THE INCIPIENT FLUIDIZATION AND HEAT TRANSFER IN A CENTRIFUGAL FLUIDIZED BED DRYER

Based on the continuum theory, a physical model of gas-solid two phase flow in a centrifugal fluidized bed has been proposed. A set of governing equations to describe the fluidization state are obtained and solved numerically after some simplifying. The quantitative experimental study on the characteristics of the incipient fluidization in the centrifugal fluidized bed is performed to examine the proposed model. Gas-solid two phase heat transfer in CFB during a drying process is also conducted. The influences of bed thickness, particle diameter, physical properties of particle, rotating speed of the bed and the gas superficial velocity on heat transfer characteristics are examined. A correlation that can be used to calculate the heat transfer coefficients in the drying process in CFB is obtained.     

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON MASS TRANSFER IN A CENTRIFUGAL FLUIDIZED BED DRYER

The influences of bed thickness, particle diameter, rotating speed of the basket and operating gas velocity on the mass transfer between gas and particles in the centrifugal fluidized bed dryer (CFBD) were examined. The experimental correlation used to calculate the mass transfer coefficient in the centrifugal fluidized bed dryer was obtained.     

INVESTIGATION ON THE INCIPIENT FLUIDIZATION AND HEAT TRANSFER IN A CENTRIFUGAL FLUIDIZED BED DRYER

Abstract

Based on the continuum theory, a physical model of gas-solid two phase flow in a centrifugal fluidized bed has been proposed. A set of governing equations to describe the fluidization state are obtained and solved numerically after some simplifying. The quantitative experimental study on the characteristics of the incipient fluidization in the centrifugal fluidized bed is performed to examine the proposed model. Gas-solid two phase heat transfer in CFB during a drying process is also conducted. The influences of bed thickness, particle diameter, physical properties of particle, rotating speed of the bed and the gas superficial velocity on heat transfer characteristics are examined. A correlation that can be used to calculate the heat transfer coefficients in the drying process in CFB is obtained.     

柱形流化床传热特性的数值模拟

对Shedid等搭建的圆柱体流化床采用欧拉?欧拉法进行三维数值模拟,考察了颗粒球形度、表观进气速度和床料初始堆积高度对流化床内垂直加热壁面与流动床料之间对流传热特性的影响,采用有效导热系数分别计算气相和固相的对流传热系数。结果表明,随表观进气速度增大,流化床内颗粒物料湍流运动加剧,加热壁面平均温度和流体平均温度下降,壁面流体间传热平均温度差减小,壁面流体间对流传热系数增大;随初始床料高度增加,流化床内颗粒与加热壁面的接触面积增大,导致固相平均对流传热系数增大。     

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON MASS TRANSFER IN A CENTRIFUGAL FLUIDIZED BED DRYER

Abstract

The influences of bed thickness, particle diameter, rotating speed of the basket and operating gas velocity on the mass transfer between gas and particles in the centrifugal fluidized bed dryer (CFBD) were examined. The experimental correlation used to calculate the mass transfer coefficient in the centrifugal fluidized bed dryer was obtained.     

Numerical investigation of gas-solid heat transfer in rotating fluidized beds in a static geometry

Gas-solid heat transfer in rotating fluidized beds in a static geometry is theoretically and numerically investigated. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of the particle bed temperature response to a step change in the fluidization gas temperature are presented to illustrate the gas-solid heat transfer characteristics. A comparison with conventional fluidized beds is made. Rotating fluidized beds in a static geometry can operate at centrifugal forces multiple times gravity, allowing increased gas-solid slip velocities and resulting gas-solid heat transfer coefficients. The high ratio of the cylindrically shaped particle bed “width” to “height” allows a further increase of the specific fluidization gas flow rates. The higher specific fluidization gas flow rates and increased gas-solid slip velocities drastically increase the rate of gas-solid heat transfer in rotating fluidized beds in a static geometry. Furthermore, both the centrifugal force and the counteracting radial gas-solid drag force being influenced by the fluidization gas flow rate in a similar way, rotating fluidized beds in a static geometry offer extreme flexibility with respect to the fluidization gas flow rate and the related cooling or heating. Finally, the uniformity of the particle bed temperature is improved by the tangential fluidization and resulting rotational motion of the particle bed.     

离心流化床干燥器的流体力学及传热性能

以９种颗粒物料为研究对象,找出了影响离心流态化干燥系统的流体力学及传热性能的主要因素,回归得到了流体力学及传热的无因次准数关联式,为进一步研究此设备的干燥性能打下了基础。     

Heat transfer in a swirling fluidized bed with geldart type-D particles

A relatively new variant in fluidized bed technology, designated as the swirling fluidized bed (SFB), was investigated for its heat transfer characteristics when operating with Geldart type D particles. Unlike conventional fluidized beds, the SFB imparts secondary swirling motion to the bed to enhance lateral mixing. Despite its excellent hydrodynamics, its heat transfer characteristics have not been reported in the published literature. Hence, two different sizes of spherical PVC particles (2.61 mm and 3.65 mm) with the presence of a center body in the bed have been studied at different velocities of the fluidizing gas. The wall-to-bed heat transfer coefficients were measured by affixing a thin constantan foil heater on the bed wall. Thermocouples located at different heights on the foil show a decrease in the wall heat transfer coefficient with bed height. It was seen that only a discrete particle model which accounts for the conduction between the particle and the heat transfer surface and the gas-convective augmentation can adequately represent the mechanism of heat transfer in the swirling fluidized bed.