辐射变性淀粉在纺织上浆中的应用

采用^60Co-γ射线对原淀粉辐射变性，制备辐射变性淀粉，改进上浆配方，对该变性淀粉浆料在上浆中的应用进行了探讨。结果表明：辐射变性淀粉用于纺织上浆，相对原化学变性淀粉可提高其机织效率5％～20％，同时使上浆成本下降10％～20％，替代或部分替代PVA浆料成为可能。     

氨基甲酸酯淀粉在粘胶低温上浆中的应用

探讨氨基甲酸酯淀粉在粘胶经纱低温上浆中应用的可行性。测试了温度对浆液粘度特性以及对粘胶纤维粘附性能的影响，评价了上浆温度与粘胶经纱的浆纱性能之间的内在联系。结果表明：氨基甲酸酯化变性能够使浆液在温度低至60℃时仍具有较好的粘附性能和一定的粘度稳定性；随着氨基甲酸酯淀粉取代度的提高，对粘胶纤维的粘附力增大；在低温上浆条件下，氨基甲酸酯变性有利于改善淀粉对粘胶经纱的上浆性能。当淀粉的取代度大于0．032时，这种淀粉浆料可以在60℃-80℃条件下用于粘胶经纱的上浆。     

TB-225型变性淀粉在高密织物上的应用

本文介绍TB-225型变性淀粉浆料的特性,用于棉、涤棉高密防羽布经纱上浆的实践经验,对变性淀粉粘度选择、混合浆料配比、调浆方法、浆料组分及上浆工艺等问题进行了较深入探讨。     

202改性玉米淀粉浆研制及其在涤绵织物上的应用

本文介绍了２０２改性淀粉的变性原理、上浆性能、调浆方法和使用效果。２０２改性淀粉浆是用目前国内优良的２０２淀粉改性剂，在煮浆过程中使淀粉改性制得的，它用于涤棉经纱上浆，技术上可行，经济效益十分显著。     

淀粉氨基甲酸酯化对毛纱低温上浆性能的影响

为提高变性淀粉浆料在毛纱上浆中的应用性能,制备了一系列具有不同取代度的氨基甲酸酯淀粉。研究温度变化对氨基甲酸酯变性淀粉浆液性能和羊毛纤维黏附性能的影响,探讨这种淀粉浆料在不同温度条件下对羊毛经纱的上浆性能。结果表明:氨基甲酸酯化变性能够使浆液在温度低至60℃条件下仍具有一定的黏度稳定性,这为低温上浆提供了条件;随着氨基甲酸酯淀粉取代度的提高,对羊毛纤维的黏附力增大;氨基甲酸酯变性有利于改善淀粉在低温条件下对羊毛经纱的上浆性能。     

牛仔布的经纱上浆

综述了牛仔布经纱上浆的目的、对浆料性能的要求，以及牛仔布经纱上浆用浆料的发展历程。同时对影响牛仔布上浆工艺的因素、使用高浓低粘型变性淀粉上浆的效果及注意事项作了介绍。     

LS—2氧化淀粉和宝丽美ES助剂在牛仔布上浆中的应用

牛仔布是粗号高密织物，经纱先染色后上浆，采用剑杆织机织造，速度快，经纱受的摩擦力较大。我公司牛仔布经纱原用IOO％的玉米淀粉上浆，浆后手感粗糙，落浆大，织造时经向断头多，影响了织机效率和牛仔布质量，而且布面易起球，织造车间粉尘污染严重。近年来，用广西明阳淀粉厂生产LS－2氧化变性木薯淀粉与玉米淀粉混合上浆，同时选用香港宝成化工有限公司开发研制的宝丽美ES（ProamineES）助剂，代替甘油和消沫剂。从使用情况看，效果良好，可降低成本，提高经济效益。一、LS－2氧化淀粉和ES助剂的特点1．LS－2氧化淀粉的上浆特点…     

变性淀粉浆料的现状及其发展

本文概述了变性淀粉浆料在经纱上浆应用中的发展过程；对常用变性淀粉浆料的制取机理，性能和浆纱品选择作了介绍，并提出了发展变性淀粉浆料看法。     

变性淀粉浆料的现状及其发展

概述了变性淀粉浆料在经纱上浆应用中的发展过程，对常用变性淀粉浆料的制取机理、性能和浆纱品种选择作了介绍，并提出了发展变性淀粉浆料的看法。     

ST-KT固体丙烯酸类浆料的应用

为了解ST-KT固体丙烯酸类浆料的性能,将ST-KT浆料用于细号高密品种,并在贝宁格浆纱机上进行了上浆实践.结果表明,ST-KT与变性淀粉等浆料混合使用,可大大减少PVA的用量,降低上浆成本,且织造时经纱断头显著减少.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Influence des ions sur le pouvoir hydratant de l'ure e: e tude sur peau de porc ex vivo

This study deals with the influence of ions (NaCl and MgSO4) in a W/O emulsion containing 10% urea. Moisturization kinetics are assessed by corneometry on pig skin ex vivo. The formula's influence on urea penetration is measured by infrared spectrometry with an ATR device and the stripping method. Corneometry and spectroscopy were chosen to record simultaneously the hydratation levels and urea localization into superficial cell layers. Urea crystallization after evaporation of emulsions and aqueous solutions is described. Results show that urea does not hydrate nor penetrate when applied to the skin through an aqueous gel. In a W/O emulsion, sodium chloride increases the ability of urea to moisturize without improving penetration. In vitro urea crystallization is disturbed by sodium chloride or magnesium sulphate for solutions and emulsions. This stabilization by ions is correlated with good moisturization values. The stabilization of urea in the solute state provided by ions increases its water epidermal binding capacity without enhancing penetration.     

Analysis on Economic Indicators from 62 Enterprises in Printing Machinery Industry in Q1 2014

Operation of printing machine industry was still unsatisfactory in the first quarter of 2014.Analysis on operation of printing machine industry.a.Market demand was not strong;sales of product undulated and declined.According to the statistics,the total industrial output value fell by 19.28% in the first quarter of 2014 than the average quarter value in 2013; industrial added value decreased by 4.16%; sales revenue dropped by 22.83%. h. Business operation of enterprises was in poor condition. c. R＆D of new products is an important transformation guarantee for enterprises. d. To take self explore new ways upgrading advantages,and explore new ways.