热处理工艺对40CrMnMo钢低温冲击韧性的影响

通过不同的热处理制度:800、820℃低温淬火+600℃回火,880℃+860℃两次淬火+600℃回火和860℃一次淬火+600℃回火,对40CrMnMo钢进行热处理试验,并研究了三种热处理工艺对40CrMnMo试验钢组织和性能的影响。结果表明,三种热处理工艺的试验钢抗拉强度相近(936～951 MPa),组织为回火马氏体+铁素体,采用800、820℃低温淬火+600℃回火热处理工艺,试验钢的冲击功最高(65～69J)。     

温锻和等温正火对20CrMnTiH3齿轮钢渗碳淬火后奥氏体晶粒度的影响

通过理化和原材料奥氏体晶粒度检验分析了温锻（880~930℃）加工工艺对20CrMnTiH3齿轮钢奥氏体晶粒长大的影响,得到温锻加工齿轮工序在后续890~920℃渗碳过程中该钢奥氏体容易异常长大,830℃渗碳淬火后转变为粗大马氏体组织。温锻后回火、普通正火工艺对渗碳淬火后20CrMnTiH3齿轮钢奥氏体晶粒粗大无改善效果,而通过950℃1 h空冷至650℃8h空冷的等温正火工艺可以避免渗碳淬火后粗大马氏体。     

硬质颗粒增强型新能源汽车铁基粉末冶金阀座的热处理工艺

以W6Mo5Cr4V2高速钢粉末为基体粉末,添加Fe-Mo、Co-Cr-Mo等硬质颗粒,压制成阀座坯体,然后以专用渗铜粉(Cu-Fe-Mn)作为熔渗剂,通过真空高温熔渗制备颗粒增强铁基粉末冶金阀座,进行淬火和回火热处理,研究淬火温度与回火温度对阀座材料基体与硬质颗粒显微硬度以及阀座材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,并通过正交试验优化材料的热处理工艺。结果表明:淬火温度对阀座材料的W6Mo5Cr4V2基体和Fe-Mo、Co-Cr-Mo硬质颗粒硬度和耐磨性能影响较大,在1 140~1 260℃温度下淬火时,Fe-Mo和Co-Cr-Mo硬质颗粒发生明显扩散。淬火对铜覆盖区域的碳化物影响较小,覆盖区域内未溶碳化物较多且尺寸较大。淬火温度为1 220℃时,材料基体以及Fe-Mo和Co-Cr-Mo硬质颗粒的显微硬度(HV)分别为528,892和632。回火温度对阀座的硬度影响小,回火温度为520℃时阀座硬度最高。在淬火温度为1 220℃,回火温度5 20℃,回火次数为3次的条件下,阀座的硬度(HRC)达到49.2,磨损量为0.029 5 g。     

组织状态对X120管线钢力学性能的影响

在实验室条件下对热轧X120管线钢进行两种不同工艺淬火,研究了回火温度对不同淬火态试验钢组织力学性能的影响。试验结果表明:直接快冷工艺下,显微组织以板条铁素体+马氏体为主;缓冷+直接快冷工艺下以粒状贝氏体+板条铁素体+马氏体为主。随回火温度升高,两种试验钢强度均出现起伏,在400~500℃范围内回火后,冲击功和伸长率均得到改善;采用直接快冷工艺在350℃和600℃回火后出现断口分离现象,从而导致力学性能波动,而缓冷+快冷工艺在回火过程中力学性能稳定性较好。因此,采用缓冷+快冷工艺+(450~500℃)回火,其力学性能达到X120级管线钢性能要求。     

7×××系铝合金厚板热处理工艺

正美国专利US4200476本专利介绍了7×××系含铜铝合金厚板的热处理工艺,本发明工艺所涉及的固溶热处理、淬火、回火三步法包括:(1)首先在100~150℃之间回火5min~24h;(2)中间回火;(3)在100~160℃之间最终回火2~48h。     

渗碳层马氏体微裂纹与热处理工艺

渗碳后直接淬火的钎尾用Si-Mn-Mo-V钢渗碳层中存在大量马氏体微裂纹,这种微裂纹即使在等温淬火后亦很难消除,从而影响使用性能。但在渗碳淬火后等温淬火前经一次高温回火的,渗碳层马氏体微裂纹却能基本消除。另外,马氏体微裂纹形成的临界含碳量为0.75％,Si-Mn-Mo-V钢也不例外。这一切均进一步证明了钎尾热处理工艺:①渗碳层含碳量不应大于0.8％C。②气体渗碳油冷后经550～650℃×1h回火,然后再加热至钎尾心部Ac_3以上20～30℃保温20min,于260℃等温淬火并二次回火工艺的必要性。     

T10A钢制冷拔无缝钢管内模盐浴渗钒

本文介绍T10A 钢作为冷拔内模基体材料,经不同温度、不同时间盐浴扩散渗钒工艺试验,制订930℃×6h 为冷拔内模渗钒的处理工艺。用金相显微镜分析了渗钒层组织。以及渗钒后淬火回火组织。并讨论了研磨抛光表面光洁度对使用寿命的影响,与45钢渗碳镀铬内模冷拔1Cr18Ni9Ti 钢管对比,使用寿命提高4～6倍。     

热处理工艺对海洋工程用高强度耐低温H型钢组织及性能影响

摘要：以热轧耐低温H型钢为研究对象,采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜分析和力学性能测试等手段,研究了完全淬火和亚温淬火对试验钢微观组织和力学性能的演变规律。结果表明,试验型钢经780℃亚温淬火+600℃回火处理后,形成回火索氏体+铁素体的网状组织;试验型钢900℃淬火+600℃回火处理后,转变得到具有马氏体位向的回火索氏体,碳化物分布更加细小均匀,位错密度下降。2种热处理工艺制备H型钢综合力学性能优良,屈服强度均达到500MPa以上,900℃淬火+600℃回火处理后钢的屈服强度和抗拉强度更高。-40℃低温冲击韧性比热轧状态下出现大幅度提高,随着淬火温度升高冲击功更加稳定。     

热处理工艺对超高强钢板组织和性能的影响

利用金相、扫描电子显微镜以及拉伸与冲击试验研究了不同热处理工艺对超高强钢的组织和力学性能的影响。主要热处理参数为:淬火温度920℃,保温时间10 min;低温回火温度150℃、300℃,保温时间分别为60 min、30 min;高温回火温度500℃、550℃,保温时间15 min、10 min。淬火得到的组织为板条马氏体,低温回火得到的组织以回火马氏体为主,高温回火得到的组织为回火索氏体。经淬火+回火热处理后的钢板,力学性能可达到GB/T16270《高强度结构用调质钢板》标准中的890 MPa级别及更高级别牌号的要求。     

热处理工艺对5mm 9Ni钢板性能的影响

研究了淬火+亚温淬火+回火(QLT)、淬火+回火(QT)、正火+正火+回火(NNT)3种工艺对5mm 9Ni钢板低温韧性的影响。结果表明,采用NNT工艺,钢板低温韧性良好,逆变奥氏体含量8.0%;通过工艺试制,5mm 9Ni钢板,采用3.3 mm厚度规格试样, -196℃冲击吸收能量≥40 J;采用2.5 mm厚度规格试样,-196℃冲击吸收能量≥27 J。     

Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Property of Cr13 Super Martensitic Stainless Steel

 The microstructures and mechanical properties of Cr13 super martensitic stainless steel after different heat treatments were studied. The results show that the structures of the steel after quenching are of lath martensite mixed with a small amount of retained austenite. With the raising quenching temperature, the original austenite grain size increases and the lath martensite gradually becomes thicker. The structures of the tempered steel are mixtures of tempered martensite and reversed austenite dispersed in the martensite matrix. The amount of reversed austenite is from 754% to 2249%. After different heat treatments, the tensile strength, the elongation and the HRC hardness of the steel are in the range of 813-1070 MPa, 101%-212% and 2133-3237, respectively. The steel displays the best comprehensive mechanical properties after the sample is quenched at 1050 ℃ followed by tempering at 650 ℃.     

明火式常化炉150℃低温回火能力诊断试验

为考察明火式常化炉(设计回火温度250~650℃)的低温回火功能,采用炉内钢板黑匣子测温的方法对该常化炉150℃的回火能力进行了诊断。结果表明,低温状态下该常化炉炉膛内炉气温度分布不均匀,边部炉温高于中部,且波动较大,宽度方向炉温均匀性较差;试验板坯加热温度厚度方向温差控制在±2℃,长度方向温差控制在±5℃,沿宽度方向温差则达20~28℃,边部加热温度明显高于中部。     

Effect of Multi-Step Tempering on Retained Austenite and Mechanical Properties of Low Alloy Steel

 The effect of multi-step tempering on retained austenite content and mechanical properties of low alloy steel used in the forged cold back-up roll was investigated. Microstructural evolutions were characterized by optical microscope, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and Feritscope, while the mechanical properties were determined by hardness and tensile tests. The results revealed that the content of retained austenite decreased by about 2% after multi-step tempering. However, the content of retained austenite increased from 36% to 51% by increasing multi-step tempering temperature. The hardness and tensile strength increased as the austenitization temperature changed from 800 to 920 ℃, while above 920 ℃, hardness and tensile strength decreased. In addition, the maximum values of hardness, ultimate and yield strength were obtained via triple tempering at 520 ℃, while beyond 520 ℃, the hardness, ultimate and yield strength decreased sharply.     

38CrMoAl钢表面超细贝氏体组织的研究

研究了38CrMoAl钢表面获得超细贝氏体组织的热处理工艺及其组织结构特征。首先利用自行设计的滴注式可控气氛全自动渗碳炉,在930℃对该钢渗碳8h,使钢表面的碳的质量分数达到0．85％,渗层深度为2mm。将经过渗碳热处理的试样加热到930℃保温20min进行奥氏体化处理。然后直接淬入温度分别为230、255和280℃的...     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Martensitic Stainless Steel 6Crl5MoV

 Martensitic stainless steel containing Cr of 12% to 18% (mass percent) are common utilized in quenching and tempering processes for knife and cutlery steel. The properties obtained in these materials are significantly influenced by matrix composition after heat treatment, especially as Cr and C content. Comprehensive considered the hardness and corrosion resistance, a new type martensitic stainless steel 6Cr15MoV has been developed. The effect of heat treatment processes on microstructure and mechanical properties of 6Cr15MoV martensitic stainless steel is emphatically researched. Thermo-Calc software has been carried out to thermodynamic calculation; OM, SEM and TEM have been carried out to microstructure observation; hardness and impact toughness test have been carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties. Results show that the equilibrium carbide in 6Cr15MoV steel is M23C6 carbide, and the M23C6 carbides finely distributed in annealed microstructure. 6Cr15MoV martensitic stainless steel has a wider quenching temperature range, the hardness value of steel 6Cr15MoV can reach to HRC 608 to HRC 616 when quenched at 1060 to 1100 ℃. Finely distributed carbides will exist in quenched microstructure, and effectively inhabit the growth of austenite grain. With the increasing of quenching temperature, the volume fraction of undissolved carbides will decrease. The excellent comprehensive mechanical properties can be obtained by quenched at 1060 to 1100 ℃ with tempered at 100 to 150 ℃, and it is mainly due to the high carbon martensite and fine grain size. At these temperature ranges, the hardness will retain about HRC 592 to HRC 616 and the Charpy U-notch impact toughness will retain about 173 to 20 J. A lot of M23C6 carbides precipitated from martensite matrix, at the same time along the boundaries of martensite lathes which leading to the decrease of impact toughness when tempered at 500 to 540 ℃. The M3C precipitants also existed in the martensite matrix of test steel after tempered at 500 ℃, and the mean size of M3C precipitates is bigger than that of M23C6 precipitates.     

合金元素对高氮不锈轴承钢组织与性能的影响

摘要：采用金相、扫描、X射线衍射和电化学等方法研究了合金元素对高氮不锈轴承钢组织性能的影响。结果表明: 钢中加氮细化组织与碳化物,析出相尺寸随着氮含量的增加而降低。高氮不锈轴承钢1030、1050℃淬火后残余奥氏体体积分数达到20%~35%,而且碳氮含量越高,残余奥氏体越多。经冷处理及回火后残余奥氏体体积分数降至7%~103%,由于残余奥氏体的相变强化与碳氮化物析出强化,低温回火硬度约为59HRC,500℃高温回火硬度可达到58HRC~59HRC。高氮不锈轴承钢中析出相细化、基体贫铬区减少及氮 钼协同作用,使其耐蚀性能明显优于440C钢,而且钢中氮含量越高,耐蚀性能越好。因此,较高合金含量(C+N)的高氮不锈轴承钢兼具高硬度和优异的耐蚀性能。     

CSP 铸 坯 内 的 大 型 夹 杂 物

 利用阳极泥法对CSP流程不同工艺参数下生产的汽车大梁板ZJ510L、集装箱板SPA H、普板ZJ330B三个钢种铸坯中的大型夹杂物进行了研究。发现尺寸350 μm以下的大多为圆球形状的Si Al Ca类夹杂物,常规拉速47~50 m/min夹杂物尺寸一般在390 μm以下。连铸稳态生产情况下铸坯纵向大型夹杂物数量分布差异较大,水模型研究发现其原因是由于结晶器内“液面动态失稳”现象造成的。拉速越大夹杂物容易上浮的临界直径越大。     

高性能渗碳轴承钢的组织与性能

 研究了热处理工艺对渗碳轴承钢组织、力学性能的影响规律,并探讨了强韧化机制。研究表明,随着淬回火温度升高和回火次数增加以及采用深冷工艺,渗碳轴承钢的强度与硬度增加,冲击韧性值下降。采用910℃淬火和180℃二次回火,轴承钢材料性能可达到硬度HRC452,抗拉强度Rm为1450MPa,屈服强度ReL为1240MPa,AKU为105J,残余奥氏体的体积分数控制在1%以下。试验钢良好的强韧性配合主要来自于晶粒的细化、超细马氏体板条和均匀弥散的细小碳化物的析出;尺寸稳定性的效果主要是残余奥氏体量的控制。     

Microstructure and Abrasive Wear Behavior of Medium Carbon Low Alloy Martensitic Abrasion Resistant Steel

The effect of processing parameters such as hot rolling and heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated for a new 0.27mass% C and Ni,Mo-free low alloy martensitic abrasion resistant steel.The three-body impact abrasive wear behavior was also analyzed.The results showed that two-step controlled rolling besides quenching at 880℃and tempering at 170℃could result in optimal mechanical property:the Brinell hardness,tensile strength,elongation and-40 ℃impact toughness were 531,1 530 MPa,11.8% and 58J,respectively.The microstructure was of fine lath martensite with little retained austenite.Three-body impact abrasive wear results showed that wear mechanism was mainly of plastic deformation fatigue when the impact energy was 2J, and the relative wear resistance was 1.04times higher than that of the same grade compared steel under the same working condition.The optimal hardness and toughness match was the main reason of higher wear resistance.     

Influence of Partitioning Effects on the Retained Austenite Content and Properties of Martensitic Stainless Steel

The effect of a quenching and partitioning (Q&P) heat treatment with a quenching temperature (T_Q) range from 20 to 190 °C is investigated for two martensitic stainless tool steels X40Cr14 and “X25CrN13”, focusing on microstructural evolution, hardness, and toughness. The influence on the retained austenite (RA) content, when replacing part of carbon with nitrogen, is of core interest. The amount of RA is analyzed by X-ray diffraction and is additionally proved with electron backscatter diffraction, and the RA content is thermodynamically calculated. Subsequently, the effect of the microstructure on toughness and hardness is investigated. For both steels, the toughness maximum is reached in the region of the RA maximum. The “X25CrN13” attains higher toughness at higher RA contents. Higher RA contents do not benefit X40Cr14. Furthermore, the effect of double tempering at higher tempering temperatures after Q&P on the steels is investigated. Besides RA contents and hardness, dilatometer curves are used to evaluate the formation of fresh martensite in the microstructure. The secondary hardness maximum of “X25CrN13” is reached at 500 °C and that of X40Cr14 is at 480 °C. For double tempering temperature at 520 °C, T_Q has little effect on toughness, and “X25CrN13” shows better values.