内循环式非牛顿流体抛光单晶硅的仿真与试验研究

为了提高磨料流抛光的效率与应用范围,提出内循环式非牛顿流体抛光方法对传统磨料流加工方式和使用的磨料进行改进。利用计算流体动力学软件对抛光区域的仿真,研究了流道中抛光流体的速度与压力的分布规律和流道槽深与入口速度对于壁面剪切应力的影响。通过单因素试验,研究了磨粒的粒径、质量分数和流道槽深对工件材料去除率和表面粗糙度的影响,并将入口处压力的试验结果与仿真结果对比。结果表明:抛光盘入口处压力仿真结果与试验结果相对误差不超过6%,验证了仿真的可靠性;材料去除率最高可达0.193μm/min,表面粗糙度由280nm降至37nm,证明了内循环式非牛顿流体抛光技术的可行性。     

磨料水射流抛光45钢工艺参数优化

对磨料水射流抛光45钢进行了研究,分析了材料的去除机理,在已有材料去除模型基础上,设计了正交实验,对不同参数组合下磨料水射流加工45钢的表面粗糙度、材料去除率进行了MATLAB数据分析,同时从材料去除机理方面对磨料粒度、射流压力、横向进给速度、靶距、喷嘴冲蚀角度等加工参数对于抛光表面质量和材料去除率的影响程度和影响趋势进行了分析。最终结合加工面表面粗糙度和材料去除率,选出45钢抛光加工最优加工参数组合。     

基于磨料水射流抛光铝合金质量的研究

磨料水射流抛光铝合金表面质量的影响因素较多,本文分析了射流压力、靶距、喷射角度和磨料流量四个工艺参数对抛光质量的影响,利用正交实验和极差分析法,研究了该工艺参数对磨料水射流抛光铝合金工件表面粗糙度的影响主次顺序为靶距、射流压力、磨料流量、喷射角度。并运用多元回归分析法,建立工件表面粗糙度与影响因素间的经验模型,对铝合金汽车轮毂表面处理具有很大的实用价值。     

磨料水射流抛光技术进展综述

磨料水射流抛光技术具有加工材料范围广、无热加工影响、能满足非线性与复杂曲面零件需要的高形状精度和高表面粗糙度要求等优势,在精密加工领域具有良好的研究价值和应用前景。首先对加工质量高敏感的工艺参数,如射流动能、喷嘴结构、磨料类型、加工路径等研究进行综述,总结了不同材料加工的工艺参数,分析了不同形状的去除函数加工的适用性;然后对磨料水射流与其他技术结合而衍生出的一系列新技术进行了总结,比较各种新技术的特点;最后对磨料水射流加工及其材料去除函数模型研究的发展趋势进行预测。     

聚晶金刚石复合片镜面加工工艺优化研究

针对聚晶金刚石复合片精加工后需达到镜面级表面的指标要求,基于正交试验法优化聚晶金刚石复合片精加工工艺参数,采用极差分析法处理试验数据,并绘制试验指标与各试验因素间的关系曲线图,得出了各因素对表面粗糙度的影响规律,并以此为基础优化工艺参数,进行聚晶金刚石复合片镜面加工工艺优化研究。研究表明:抛光盘转速和研抛时间对工件表面粗糙度影响较大,各因素对表面粗糙度的影响程度按从大到小的顺序依次为:抛光盘转速、研抛时间、研抛压力和抛光液磨料粒度。采用优化后的最优工艺参数组合进行加工试验,当研抛压力为90 kPa、抛光盘转速为1 200 r/min、抛光液磨料粒度为1μm、研抛时间为30 min时,得到了表面粗糙度Ra为0.019μm的质量表面,达到了聚晶金刚石复合片镜面加工(Ra0.02μm)的效果。     

高压磨料水射流切割效率与表面粗糙度的试验研究

磨料水射流切割技术应用的关键是正确选取工艺参数。因工艺参数较多且各参数与切割效率和表面粗糙度之间存在着复杂的非线性关系,给合理参数的选取带来困难。为探求主要工艺参数水压力、磨料流量、进给速度和靶距与切割效率及表面粗糙度的内在联系,对水射流切割铝合金和不锈钢进行了试验研究,研究结果为水射流切割工艺参数的选取提供一定参考依据。     

电流变抛光工艺研究

研究了电流变抛光工艺参数对工件表面粗糙度的影响。用SiC和Al2O3磨料分别对硬质合金和光学玻璃进行了抛光试验，考察了抛光时间、工具电极转速、电源电压、磨料浓度等工艺参数影响工件表面粗糙度的规律。试验结果表明，随着抛光时间、工具电极转速、电源电压的增加，工件表面粗糙度逐渐降低。随着磨料浓度增加，工件表面粗糙度先降低后升高。对于表面粗糙度而言，磨料浓度存在一个最佳值。     

氮化硅陶瓷滚子磁流变、化学与超声复合抛光工艺试验

为实现氮化硅陶瓷滚子抛光的高效、高精度要求,提出磁流变、化学与超声复合的抛光工艺方法。分析复合抛光的加工机理;利用试验机,在不同工艺参数下进行了复合抛光工艺试验,分析各主要工艺参数对抛光材料去除率和滚子表面粗糙度的影响规律,确定出复合抛光的最佳工艺参数。结果表明:复合抛光后陶瓷滚子表面粗糙度Ra由0.3μm减小至0.03μm;在最佳工艺参数下,滚子能够在保持较高材料去除率的同时获得较好的表面质量;材料去除过程主要是磁流变抛光的剪切作用、超声波抛光的冲击作用以及抛光过程中一系列化学反应综合作用的结果。     

基于响应曲面法的YG8硬质合金刀片化学机械抛光工艺参数优化

为了快速确定YG8前刀面抛光的最佳工艺参数,提高加工效率和精度,利用响应曲面法对YG8硬质合金刀片抛光工艺进行优化试验研究。通过单因素试验确定抛光转速、抛光压力、磨粒粒径和磨粒浓度的水平,并对4个工艺参数进行中心复合设计试验。建立了材料去除率RMR和表面粗糙度Ra的预测模型,基于响应曲面法优化工艺参数获得最佳工艺参数为抛光转速65.5 r/min、抛光压力156.7 kPa、磨粒粒径1.1 μm、磨粒浓度14%,此时得到了最小表面粗糙度预测值Ra=0.019 μm,材料去除率RMR=56.6 nm/min。试验结果表明,基于响应曲面法的材料去除率与表面粗糙度预测模型准确有效。     

超声辅助微细磨料水射流加工陶瓷试验研究

针对陶瓷材料难加工的特性,提出了超声辅助微细磨料水射流加工技术。基于响应曲面法对工程陶瓷进行切槽试验,测量加工沟槽底部表面粗糙度,通过建立表面粗糙度预测模型,分析了系统压力、超声振幅及靶距对加工质量的影响规律。当系统压力为32.8MPa、振幅为16μm、靶距为10mm时,获得最低表面粗糙度为0.746μm。通过试验验证了该预测模型的准确性和有效性。     

Effects of process parameters on surface roughness in abrasive waterjet cutting of aluminium

Abrasive waterjet cutting is a novel machining process capable of processing wide range of hard-to-cut materials. Surface roughness of machined parts is one of the major machining characteristics that play an important role in determining the quality of engineering components. This paper shows the influence of process parameters on surface roughness (R_a) which is an important cutting performance measure in abrasive waterjet cutting of aluminium. Taguchi’s design of experiments was carried out in order to collect surface roughness values. Experiments were conducted in varying water pressure, nozzle traverse speed, abrasive mass flow rate and standoff distance for cutting aluminium using abrasive waterjet cutting process. The effects of these parameters on surface roughness have been studied based on the experimental results.     

超微粒金刚石和富勒烯研具创建超平滑表面的研究

制备了超微粒金刚石和富勒烯研磨工具,并分别进行了硅片研磨试验,详细分析了两种材料的研磨特性如表面粗糙度的稳定性、磨料粒度对研磨效果的影响以及研磨材料的显微结构等。试验结果表明,使用0~1/8μm粒度的金刚石研具获得的表面粗糙度值大于使用0~1/4μm粒度金刚石研具的表面粗糙度值,这是因为磨粒被粘结剂覆盖所致。研究结果表明,采用富勒烯研具研磨硅片可获得Ra5nm的超平滑镜面。     

Improved solutions for job shop scheduling problems through genetic algorithm with a different method of schedule deduction

This paper details the studies on the use of single mesh size garnet abrasives in abrasive waterjet machining for cutting aluminum. The influence of three different single mesh size abrasives, pressure, traverse rate, and abrasive flow rate; on depth of cut, top kerf width, bottom kerf width, kerf taper, and surface roughness are investigated. Experiments designed using standard L9 orthogonal array and the analysis of variance helped in the determination of highly significant, significant and weakly significant cutting parameters. Single mesh size abrasives are found to yield decreased surface roughness than multi mesh size abrasives. Based on these studies, response equations are developed to predict the target parameters. Using single mesh abrasives, a practitioner not only can cut faster but also achieve reduced surface roughness.     

A study on the use of single mesh size abrasives in abrasive waterjet machining

This paper details the studies on the use of single mesh size garnet abrasives in abrasive waterjet machining for cutting aluminum. The influence of three different single mesh size abrasives, pressure, traverse rate, and abrasive flow rate; on depth of cut, top kerf width, bottom kerf width, kerf taper, and surface roughness are investigated. Experiments designed using standard L9 orthogonal array and the analysis of variance helped in the determination of highly significant, significant and weakly significant cutting parameters. Single mesh size abrasives are found to yield decreased surface roughness than multi mesh size abrasives. Based on these studies, response equations are developed to predict the target parameters. Using single mesh abrasives, a practitioner not only can cut faster but also achieve reduced surface roughness.     

三相旋流抛光磨粒运动的测量与微气泡补偿

研究了气液固三相旋流流场抛光机理和规律。设计了三入口的抛光加工流道,对气液固三相旋流抛光流场进行了数值模拟。基于模拟结果设计了气液固三相磨粒流旋流流场测量平台,并通过粒子图像测速法(PIV)测量了微气泡补偿条件下气液固三相旋流抛光的流场参数,获得了微气泡补偿区域流场的运动图像、速度矢量图和涡量图。PIV测量试验数据显示:在微气泡补偿区域,磨粒速度主要集中在30m/s到80m/s,同一测量点高速磨粒出现频率明显增加,少数磨粒速度达到100m/s以上;磨粒平均速度从33.8m/s增大到44.2m/s,经4h抛光后硅片表面最大粗糙度从10.4μm下降到1.3μm。理论和试验研究表明,气液固三相旋流抛光流场中微气泡溃灭引发的空化冲击效应可增大磨粒动能,提高抛光效率,实现B区域的均匀化抛光。     

Optimization of abrasive flow polishing process parameters for static blade ring based on response surface methodology

Static blade ring process technology is a key part for gas turbine manufacturing, and the surface quality of the static blade ring has great influence on a gas turbine. To improve surface roughness of static blade ring, abrasive flow polishing process technology is studied. First, the range of extrusion pressure is obtained by using ANSYS software to analyze the blade deformation. Then a simplified model of surface roughness is estabalished according to experimental results and ANOVA’s results. At the same time, the optimal polishing parameters are confirmed through the response surface methodology. Finally, the polishing experiment is carried out by using the optimal polishing parameters. The experimental results demonstrate that the surface roughness of static blade ring decreased greatly (nearly 14.7%) compared with result using normal parameters.     

Optimization of machining parameters in the abrasive waterjet turning of alumina ceramic based on the response surface methodology

A study on the radial-mode abrasive waterjet turning (AWJT) of 96 % alumina ceramic is presented and discussed. An experimental investigation is carried out to explore the influence of process parameters (including water pressure, jet feed speed, abrasive mass flow rate, surface speed, and nozzle tilted angle) on the material removal rate (MRR) when turning 96 % alumina ceramic. The experiments are conducted on the basis of response surface methodology (RSM) and sequential approach using face-centered central composite design. The quadratic model of RSM associated with the sequential approximation optimization (SAO) method is used to find optimum values of process parameters in terms of surface roughness and MRR. The results show that the MRR is influenced principally by the water pressure P and the next is abrasive mass flow rate m _a . The optimization results show that the MRR can be improved without increasing the surface roughness when machining 96 % alumina ceramic in the radial-mode abrasive waterjet turning process.     

Effects of particle size, polishing pad and contact pressure in free abrasive polishing

The objective of this research is to better understand the mechanisms of material removal in the free abrasive polishing process. Experiments were carried out to understand the effects of particle size, polishing pad and nominal contact pressure on the wear rate and surface roughness of the polished surface. A theoretical model was developed to predict the relationship between the polishing parameters and the wear rate for the case of hard abrasive particles sandwiched between a soft pad and a workpiece (softer than the abrasive particles). Experimental results and theoretical predictions indicate that the wear rate increases with an increase in particle size, hardness of polishing pad and nominal contact pressure, and with a decrease in elastic modulus of the polishing pad. Surface roughness increases with an increase in particle size and hardness of polishing pad, and nominal contact pressure has little effect on the roughness. A dimensionless parameter, wear index which combines all of the preceding parameters, was introduced to give a semi-quantitative prediction for the wear rate in free abrasive polishing. It is also suggested that when polishing hard material, in order to achieve a high materials removal rate and a smooth surface, it is preferable to use diamond as the polishing particles because of their high deformation resistance.