一种改进的分形图像压缩算法

为了提高分形图像压缩编码的速度,针对在基本分形图像压缩算法中值域块编码匹配搜索时需要对变换后的定义域块一一对应,导致编码时间较长的缺点,提出了一种基于菱形搜索算法的分形图像压缩编码新算法.菱形搜索算法是一种运动估计的快速搜索算法,主要过程是在所有的候选块中搜索当前块的最优匹配块.通过运用菱形搜索算法中的大小菱形模板进行匹配搜索,实验证明文中算法在提高编码速度和降低编码复杂度是有效的.     

基于遗传算法和迭代函数系统的图像压缩方法

分形图像编码是一种具有诱人前景的压缩编码方法,它能够实现很高的压缩比而且主观质量良好。由于分形编码中搜索与给定值域块了相匹配的定义域块的过程耗时很长,因此分形编码速度很低。遗传算法是一种在最优搜索应用中十分常见的高效搜索算法。文中在讨论研究遗传算法效率的基础上,将遗传算法应用到分形图像压缩编码中,有效地解决了分形图像编码中的最优匹配问题,实验结果表明将遗传算法与分形压缩编码有机地结合起来可以大大提     

基于区域分割的分形图像压缩编码方法

在基于块分割的分形图像压缩编码研究基础上，提出了一种基于区域分割和十字搜索模型的分形图像压缩编码新方法，实验结果表明，该方法与基于块分割的分形图像压缩编码方法相比，在保持恢复图像质量的前提下，压缩比和编码速度都有了显著的提高，是一种有效的分形图像压缩编码方法。     

一种基于方差的匹配方法

文章就分形图象压缩中搜索与匹配过程的相似性提出了一个经过不同对比度实现快速分形编码算法，基于序列块和主块之间当前最小象差的方差信息，该算法排除不必搜索的主块，这样大大减少了每个序列块进行搜索和匹配的主块数与相应的编码时间，该算法在减少的时间内生成了与常规满搜索近乎一致的分形编码。     

一种基于K-均值聚类优化的快速分形图像压缩算法

提出了一种基于K-均值聚类的快速分形图像压缩算法,对搜索窗中的父块和子块,根据其方差的不同,用K-均值聚类方法分别对子块和父块进行聚类,子块只对同一类中的父块进行匹配,从而大大缩短了编码时间。实验结果表明,与经典分形压缩算法相比,本文算法编码速度可提高5倍;同基于方差的快速分形压缩算法相比,本文算法也有明显的优势。     

四线和特征的快速分形图像编码

分形图像编码具有压缩比高、解码速度快、重构图像质量高等特点,但因这种算法在编码时定义域的搜索量十分巨大,导致其计算复杂度高、编码时间过长,阻碍了它的实用性和普遍应用.为解决此问题,文中提出一种基于四线和特征值编码算法,该算法根据匹配均方根误差与四线和特征间的关系,将全局搜索转化为局部搜索(近邻搜索),限定搜索空间,减少定义域块的搜索,从而提高编码速度.仿真实验结果表明:该算法解码图像质量在客观上优于1 -范数特征算法;与基本分形编码算法相比,基于四线和特征算法在主观上不改变重构图像质量,但在编码速度上却得到极大提高.     

子块均点特征分形快速图像压缩编码

分形图像压缩根据图像特有的自相似性,利用压缩仿射变换消除图像数据冗余度,进而实现图像压缩,实现较高的压缩比。然而,分形图像压缩编码具有计算复杂度高、运行时间过长的致命缺点,对于图像信息量巨大的当今社会来说不具有实用性。为解决基本分形压缩编码耗时过长的问题,提出了子块均点特征分形压缩编码算法,利用该算法将基本分形压缩编码的全搜索转为局部搜索,限定搜索范围,减少定义域块的搜索,在客观质量稍作牺牲的基础上加快了编码速度。将所提算法分别与五点和特征算法、1-范数特征算法、欧式比特征算法以及双交叉算法进行比较,仿真结果表明,在时间稍逊的情况下,所提算法在客观质量（Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio,PSNR）上更优。     

基于DCT变换的快速分形编码方法

本文提出了一种基于DCT变换加速相似块匹配的分形编码方法.通过图像块与相似块在DCT变换域少数低频系数的比较,来确定匹配的相似块.并根据DCT变换的性质,方便的确定对比度因子和亮度偏移量.并采用将图像块与相似块的DCT变换系数预制成查找表的方法减少重复运算.结果表明,编码时间大幅度减少,而PSNR只是略有下降.     

限制D块耦合极点插值的分形图像压缩算法

由于当前分形图像搜索编码都忽略了对比度因子约束,且对于负载性较高的图像,其压缩比较低,继而降低了解码图像质量以及计算效率。对此,构造了限制D块搜索范围耦合极点插值复原技术的分形图像压缩算法。引入对比度因子约束,设计了一种限制D块搜索范围的编码机制。并基于皮亚诺扫描,提出了极点插值复原技术。测试算法性能,结果显示：与当前的分形图像压缩算法相比,文中算法的压缩效果优异,其平均PSNR提高了ldB～3dB,且编码速度提高了约11．6倍,可满足实时性,在压缩比越高时,提高越明显。     

一种混合的四叉树分形图像编码

为克服四叉树分形编码中纹理信息丰富的图像块较难找到满足要求相似块的不足,在四叉树分形图像编码的基础上,提出了一种与BTC方法结合的混合分形编码方法。讨论了四叉树分形编码与BTC方法,综合了2种方法的优点,对四叉树分形编码中块尺寸为4×4且找不到满足要求相似块的图像块,采用BTC方法,并用标准图像进行仿真实验,给出了四叉树编码方法与本文方法的实验结果。实验结果表明:此方法能明显改善重构图像的MSE或PSNR指标。     

Iteration-free fractal image coding based on efficient domain pooldesign

The domain pool design is one of the dominant issues which affect the coding performance of fractal image compression. In this paper, we employ the LBG algorithm and propose a block averaging method to design the efficient domain pools based on a proposed iteration-free fractal image codec. The redundancies between the generated domain blocks are reduced by the proposed methods. Therefore, we can obtain the domain pools that are more efficient than those in the conventional fractal coding schemes and thus the coding performance is improved. On the other hand, the iteration process in the conventional fractal coding scheme not only requires a large size of memory and a high computation complexity but also prolongs the decoding process. The proposed iteration-free fractal codec can overcome the problems above. In computer simulation, both the LBG-based and block-averaging methods for the domain pool design in the proposed iteration free scheme achieve excellent performances. For example, based on the proposed block-averaging method, the decoded Lena image has at least a 0.5 dB higher PSNR (under the same bit rate) and an eight-time faster decoding speed than the conventional fractal coding schemes that require iterations.     

Fractal image compression with region-based functionality

Region-based functionality offered by the MPEG-4 video compression standard is also appealing for still images, for example to permit object-based queries of a still-image database. A popular method for still-image compression is fractal coding. However, traditional fractal image coding uses rectangular range and domain blocks. Although new schemes have been proposed that merge small blocks into irregular shapes, the merging process does not, in general, produce semantically-meaningful regions. We propose a new approach to fractal image coding that permits region-based functionalities; images are coded region by region according to a previously-computed segmentation map. We use rectangular range and domain blocks, but divide boundary blocks into segments belonging to different regions. Since this prevents the use of standard dissimilarity measure, we propose a new measure adapted to segment shape. We propose two approaches: one in the spatial and one in the transform domain. While providing additional functionality, the proposed methods perform similarly to other tested methods in terms of PSNR but often result in images that are subjectively better. Due to the limited domain-block codebook size, the new methods are faster than other fractal coding methods tested. The results are very encouraging and show the potential of this approach for various internet and still-image database applications.     

Combined Kohonen neural networks and discrete cosine transform method for iterated transformation theory

Iterated transformation theory (ITT) coding, also known as fractal coding, in its original form, allows fast decoding but suffers from long encoding times. During the encoding step, a large number of block best-matching searches have to be performed which leads to a computationally expensive process. Because of that, most of the research efforts carried on this field are focused on speeding up the encoding algorithm. Many different methods and algorithms have been proposed, from simple classifying methods to multi-dimensional nearest key search. We present in this paper a new method that significantly reduces the computational load of ITT-based image coding. Both domain and range blocks of the image are transformed into the frequency domain (which has proven to be more appropriate for ITT coding). Domain blocks are then used to train a two-dimensional Kohonen neural network (KNN) forming a codebook similar to vector quantization coding. The property of KNN (and self-organizing feature maps in general) which maintains the input space (transformed domain blocks) topology allows to perform a neighboring search to find the piecewise transformation between domain and range blocks.     

全双工射频自干扰改进时变步长NLMS对消算法

针对现有基于最小均方误差准则的全双工射频域自干扰对消算法存在收敛速度与干扰对消比相互制约的矛盾,提出一种改进时变步长归一化最小均方算法。该算法通过建立最小均方误差步长因子与改进时变sigmod函数的非线性关系,利用实时误差信号自相关和时间参量t协同控制步长因子μ(t),较好的兼顾了收敛速度与干扰对消比。分析与仿真表明:在干信比为80dB、步进间隔Δt=1/32ms、信噪比Eb/N0=10 dB的2FSK全双工系统模型下,该算法能够实现88dB的自干扰消除高出同类算法至少1.5dB且收敛速度和抗突发干扰能力提升显著。      

Fast turbo codes with space‐time block codes in fast fading channels

In this paper, space‐time block coding has been used in conjunction with Turbo codes to provide good diversity and coding gains. A new method of dividing turbo encoder and decoder into several parallel encoding and decoding blocks is considered. These blocks work simultaneously and yield a faster coding scheme in comparison to classical Turbo codes. The system concatenates fast Turbo coding as an outer code with Alamouti's G2 space‐time block coding scheme as an inner code, achieving benefits associated with both techniques including acceptable diversity and coding gain as well as short coding delay. In this paper, fast fading Rayleigh and Rician channels are considered for discussion. For Rayleigh fading channels, a fixed frame size and channel memory length of 5000 and 10, respectively, the coding gain is 7.5 dB and bit error rate (BER) of 10^?4 is achieved at 7 dB. For the same frame size and channel memory length, Rician fading channel yields the same BER at about 4.5 dB. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于DCT系数小波重组的图像压缩算法

论文提出一种与小波变换结构近似的嵌入式编码—MSESPIHT。将图像8×8子块进行DCT变换后的系数按照小波变换结构重新组合,运用均值去除法降低低频段系数的冗余度。之后,运用基于分层树集合分割排序的编码算法对图像进行压缩编码。实验表明,采用MSESPIHT处理的图像,在相同压缩比的情况下,图像质量得到改善,当码率为1.00bpp时,EZW、MSEDCT、SPIHT、MSESPIHT、峰值信噪比分别为39.55dB、39.75dB、39.97dB、40.12dB。     

基于自适应四叉树分形图像编码的数字水印技术

提出了一种基于自适应四叉树分形编码的数字水印技术。对原始图像进行四叉树分形编码后，通过给定子块在不同的寻找区域中搜索其最佳匹配父块来嵌入水印。实验结果表明，本方法在嵌入水印编码时间、图像质量和鲁棒性方面均比传统的方法有较大的改进。     

Improved Redundant Picture Coding Using Polyphase Downsampling for H.264

This paper presents an improved redundant picture coding method that efficiently enhances the error resiliency of H.264. The proposed method applies polyphase downsampling to residual blocks obtained from inter prediction and selectively encodes the rearranged residual blocks in the redundant picture coding process. Moreover, a spatial‐temporal sample construction method is developed for the redundant coded picture, which further improves the reconstructed picture quality in error prone environments. Simulations based on JM11.0 were run to verify the proposed method on different test sequences in various error prone environments with average packet loss rates of 3%, 5%, 10%, and 20%. Results of the simulations show that the presented method significantly improves the robustness of H.264 to packet loss by 1.6 dB PSNR on average over the conventional redundant picture coding method.