3.0版轮胎硫化测温仪简介

介绍了3．0版轮胎硫化测温仪的技术指标、功能、用途及特点。3．0版轮胎硫化测温仪由笔记本式电脑、进口数据采集器、交流和直流电源构成,采用Borland C Builder4作开发工具和面向对象的编程技术,从而组成新的分布式计算机测温系统。新测温仪可在轮胎硫化过程中同时测定各部位在不同时刻的温度;在测温的同时可计算各部位的等效硫化时间、车间最佳硫化时间等;可利用测温存盘或其它来源的温度－时间数据计算等效硫化效应。阐述了与测温仪和轮胎测温有关的几个问题。     

新型便携式硫化测温仪

介绍TC-USB型硫化测温仪的性能参数、功能特点及应用.该硫化测温仪采用美国进口高精度专用测温模块与便携式计算机的USB数据接口相连,测温过程简便、抗干扰能力极强.测试过程中可实时显示各测温点的温度值及曲线,计算和显示各测温点的等效硫化时间和硫化强度等数据,测试数据以数据库的形式保存在硬盘上,以便用户打印报表和查看.     

全钢子午线轮胎活络模具变外温预热研究

正随着资源、能源成本的提高,对轮胎企业来说,提高生产效率、减少能源浪费尤为重要。笔者对全钢载重子午线轮胎不同规格类型的活络模具进行变外温预热,调整不同阶段的预热温度,并对试验前后的模具各点温度、成品轮胎的等效硫化时间进行了对比分析,优选出最适宜的活络模具预热工艺。1.测温设备和仪器模具表面各点测温采用接触式测温仪。硫化轮胎测温使用北京橡胶工业研究设计院的TC—USB测温仪以及E型热电偶补偿导线。     

工程机械轮胎硫化测温仪

介绍工程机械轮胎硫化测温仪的技术指标和功能特点。实心轮胎和工程机械轮胎硫化测温所用的测温仪必须能超长时间连续工作。工程机械轮胎硫化测温仪具有如下特性：20点测温，测温周期10s，测温和硫化计算同时进行，可连续工作22h，并自动处理异常温度，各种数据和图表测温结束后即可输出。该测温仪也适用于其它车辆斜交轮胎、子午线轮胎和其它橡胶制品的硫化测温。     

确定和优化轮胎硫化时间的方法

热电偶轮胎硫化测温法(简称测温法)是目前最通行的确定和优化轮胎硫化时间的方法.全面、完整和系统地介绍和讨论了热电偶测温原理和热电偶的选择、硫化程度计算的阿累尼乌斯公式、表观硫化反应活化能的测定原理、方法和注意事项、热电偶测温轮胎和其他测温准备及现代化的轮胎硫化测温仪的特征和功能.     

V3.3版TC-USB快速硫化测温仪

介绍V3.3版TC-USB快速硫化测温仪的技术指标、功能特点及实际应用。V3.3版TC-USB快速硫化测温仪主机采用美国原装高精度专用测温模块,通过连接至计算机USB口的数据线供电,隔离了现场来自电源系统的干扰,稳定性和可靠性较高;硫化测温软件适用于各种轮胎(包括巨型轮胎)、胶管及橡胶制品的硫化测温及硫化程度分析,在测温过程中可实时显示20通道(40种胶料)的温度及曲线,并同步计算各胶料的等效硫化时间、硫化程度和硫化程度百分比,测温时间长达500h。软件可实现测温过程后台录制并具备后台分析功能,可进行试验建模和减时硫化分析。     

3.2版轮胎硫化测温仪

阐述热电偶轮胎硫化测温和硫化计算的理论。介绍3．2版轮胎硫化测温仪的技术指标、功能、用途及特点。3．2版轮胎硫化测温仪主要由笔记本式电脑和进口的数据采集器构成，采用基于Windows的Borland C Builder 5为开发工具和面向对象的编程技术，组成分布式计算机测温系统。新版测温仪的数据修正和结果计算功能更加完备，新增了第3种温度数据修正功能、求活化能模块和数据库模块，使系统操作更加快捷和方便。     

轮胎硫化测温仪3.0版的应用

华南理工大学轮胎 CAD组 1993年为广州轮胎厂研制了第一版本的轮胎硫化测温仪 (由 2 86电脑等构成 ,12路测温 ) ,1997年为广州珠江轮胎公司研制了第二版本的测温仪 (由 486电脑等构成 ,2 0路测温 )。这两种版本的测温仪投入实际使用至今 ,其质量和功能赢得用户的赞扬 ,也为用户取得效益。今年应广州宝力子午线轮胎公司的要求 ,我们又研制第三版本的测温仪 ,最近已获得圆满成功 ,交付使用。测温仪的功能是 :在轮胎硫化时同时测定各部位在不同时刻的温度 ;在测温的同时可计算各部位的等效硫化时间 ,最佳生产现场硫化时间等 ;可利用测温存盘…     

轮胎硫化测温及硫化条件的制定

通过热电偶测温结果判断轮胎各部位的硫化程度和胶料的硫化匹配情况,并介绍了如何利用测温结果按厚度计算确定轮胎的最佳硫化条件。对于初次测温的轮胎规格,需进行初测和复测两次测温,综合两次测温的结果定出硫化时间,如果启模时各点的等效硫化时间不小于其t90,而总的等效硫化时间不大于其tmax,而且成品轮胎耐久性和解剖所测各项性能均满足设计要求,即可确定为最优硫化条件。     

10.00-20 16PR轮胎的硫化测温

通过智能硫化测温仪对10.00-20 16PR轮胎进行硫化测温。测温结果表明,硫化程度最浅的部位在胎圈区域,正硫化结束时其硫化程度已超过胶料的起泡点。依据测温结果将正硫化时间从70 min缩短为60 min,冷却时间从30 min缩短为25 min,轮胎的耐久性能提高,肩部生热明显下降。     

Curing of unsaturated polyester resins: Viscosity studies and simulations in pre-gel state

The curing of styrene-unsaturated polyester (UP) resins was studied until gelation. The viscosity and gel points were measured during curing and were correlated with curing temperature, initiator concentration, and accelerator concentration. A gelation model concerning the formation of intra-crosslinked polymer coils, called microgels, was proposed. The model describes the gelation mechanism in four stages: induction, microgel formation, transition, and macro-gelation. The kinetic and gelation parameters of the model were experimentally obtained. The gel points and viscosities in the pre-gel state were simulated by the gelation model for isothermal and nonisothermal curings. Comparisons of the simulation results with experimental data showed good agreement.     

子午线轮胎硫化过程有限元分析

考虑胶料的各向异性,采用有限元分析软件ABAQUS对子午线轮胎硫化过程进行模拟和分析,获得了轮胎在硫化过程中不同阶段的温度分布及某些典型点的温度变化曲线和硫化程度曲线.计算结果较真实地反映了子午线轮胎的硫化过程,可用于指导轮胎硫化工艺优化.     

过氧化物/给硫体/复合硫化体系对无卤阻燃型三元乙丙橡胶性能的影响

研究了过氧化物、给硫体和复合硫化体系对无卤阻燃型三元乙丙橡胶性能的影响。结果表明,采用过氧化物/给硫体复合体系可获得综合性能优异的无卤阻燃型三元乙丙橡胶。混炼胶焦烧时间为65s,正硫化时间为478s;硫化胶拉伸强度为13.2MPa,撕裂强度为29.4kN/m,邵尔A硬度为68度;老化后拉伸强度保持率和拉断伸长率保持率均达90%以上;垂直燃烧达到了FV—0级,体积电阻率和表面电阻率分别为1.44×1013Ω.cm和2.4×1014Ω.cm。     

Processing conditions optimization for PVC plastisol rotational molding

In this work we present the optimization of the processing conditions for PVC plastisol rotational molding. The effects of oven temperature, processing time, rotational, speed and amount of plastisol over the degree of curing, physical appearance, and mechanical properties of the molded articles were studied. Also, using a simple mathematical model to simulate the temperature profiles of the plastisol inside of the spherical mold as a function of time, the viscosity change of the plastisol with time is reported. A rotational molding machine laboratory size was used for the experiments. The oven (at different points) as well as the mold (at the inside and outside of the cavity) temperatures were measured as a function of time in order to get a better understanding of the curing process. Such data in conjunction with the model gives the support for process optimization and control.     

固化促进剂对环氧树脂固化物性能的影响

借助透光率/雾度仪、DSC和SEM比较了四乙基溴化铵(TEABr)、二甲基苄胺(DBMA)、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑(2,4-EMI)、2,4,6-三(二甲基胺基甲基)苯酚(DMP-30)以及有机膦/溴络合物(AO-4)对E-51环氧树脂/酸酐固化体系性能的影响。结果表明,固化促进剂的加入可不同程度地提高环氧树脂的固化速率,改善固化物的透明度和耐热稳定性。AO-4质量分数为0.5%～1.0%,120℃下反应得到的环氧/酸酐固化物无色透明,综合性能最佳。     

Compressive strength development of concrete with different curing time and temperature

In this experimental and analytic research, the strength development for various curing histories was investigated with particular regard to the influences of curing time points with given temperatures. For this purpose, four different points of curing time were considered with an individual interval of 24 h. Two different temperatures of 5°C and 40°C were applied for the selective intervals, whereas the rest period days were under the reference curing condition of 20°C. A new model for the strength prediction was suggested based on the rate constant model. In this model, the equivalent ages introduced in the Saul and Arrhenius models were modified to show the effects of curing temperature at different ages. Test results show that the concrete subjected to a high temperature at an early age attains higher early-age strength but eventually attains lower later-age strength. The concrete subjected to a low temperature at an early age leads to lower early-age strength but almost the same later-age strength. Moreover, the proposed model showed better agreement with the test results than the existing models.     

Effect of aromatic and aliphatic amines as curing agents in sulfone epoxy monomer curing process

The kinetics of the curing of sulfone epoxy (SEP) monomers using aromatic and aliphatic amine curing agents was studied via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). SEP curing is a two-stage process involving SEP/electron donation and electron donation to either aliphatic or aromatic curing agents. The SEP/electron donation curing process occurred readily since semi-electron-withdrawing curing agents are induced by nucleophilic substitution in the first stage. In the second stage, SEP is cured by the semi-electron-withdrawing curing agents. The kinetic parameters of the curing process were determined using a conversional method derived from Ozawa’s and Kissinger’s methods, which are typically used for kinetic analysis of data for thermal treatments. The higher melting points and steric bulk of the aromatic curing agents resulted in higher curing activation energies than for the aliphatic curing agents. The aliphatic curing agents also increased the activation energy of the curing process due to their electron-withdrawing and cross-linking properties as well as the viscosity of the epoxy/amine curing system. Cured SEP/aromatic curing agent materials possessed higher glass transition temperatures than cured SEP/aliphatic curing agent materials.     

Characterization of Epoxy Prepreg Curing Process

The isothermal and dynamic curing process of epoxy composite was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and other techniques. The variation of degree of curing with time and temperature was analyzed. The degree of curing was limited at any particular temperature because of the diffusion control in isothermal curing process. Half-life and maximum cure time were discussed in the analysis of the isothermal curing process. The modeling result from isothermal curing process indicated that degree of curing calculated with diffusion control agreed well with experimental data. The degree of curing calculated by two methods for dynamic curing process had a deviation with experimental data in either earlier or later cure stages. The relationship between T_g and the degree of curing was described by two models. Both models agreed well with the experimental T_g. The isothermal curing diagrams of time-temperature-transformation (TTT) and conversion-temperature-transformation (CTT) were constructed. Each region in TTT and CTT diagrams corresponded to the phase state of the curing process, so that the curing mechanism was clearly reflected in diagrams. The thermal stability analysis indicated the epoxy resin system was very thermally stable under temperature of 300°C.     

圆柱形橡胶试样硫化过程的有限元分析与实验研究

利用低场核磁交联密度测定仪分析不同硫化时间下橡胶材料的交联密度，并与相同时刻下盘式硫化仪测得的扭矩对比，定量地发现扭矩与交联密度近似成线性关系。通过有限元传热分析和硫化程度场分布的二次算法开发，圆柱形橡胶试样表面和芯部的温升历程和硫化程度的仿真结果与实验数据高度吻合。该研究对于橡胶制品的硫化工艺设计提供参考。     

UV curing systems for automotive refinish applications

The combination of the UV flash equipment, which generates UV flashes in short intervals with a high and homogenous energy density, with UV curing systems for automotive refinish leads to a perfectly suitable procedure especially for spot- and micro-repair applications. The UV curing refinish primer technology is well introduced in the market and the repair process time can be reduced by up to 50% compared to conventional systems. The visualization of the reaction grade and speed of the UV-induced radical polymerization is important for development. The skillful combination of the UV flash equipment with a FTIR instrument enables real-time measurements under application oriented UV curing conditions. The influence of applied UV intensity, oxygen inhibition and effectiveness of the polymerization reaction is investigated.