高能粒子辐照对零膨胀微晶玻璃光学性质和面形光学稳定性的影响

研究了高能电子，高能质子对ＶＯ２微晶玻璃辐照前后光性质和面形光学稳定性的影响，研究结果表明，高能电子辐照能引起微晶玻璃面形明显变化，且使ＶＯ２微晶玻璃强烈着色。高能质子辐照没引起面形明显变化，高能质子辐照对反射光谱特性没有影响。     

ZrO2—30mol?O2陶瓷粉末的高能球磨过程

本文研究了ＺｒＯ２－３０ｍｏｌ％ＣｅＯ２陶瓷粉末的高能球磨过程，首先发现陶瓷材料在高能球磨过程中，有机械合金化（ＭＡ）发生。     

高能球磨固态扩散反应研究

从扩散理论出发,结合结合Ａｌ－Ｃｕ合金高能球磨实验结果,分析了高能球磨过程中的扩散特点,提出了固态合成反应模型并进行了分析计算,结果表明,高能球磨过程中固态反应能否发生取决于体系在球磨过程中能量升高程度,而反应完成与否则受体系中的扩散过程控制,即受制于晶粒细化攻粉末碰撞温度。     

高能超声制备金属基复合材料的研究进展与展望

简要介绍了高能超声制备金属基复合材料的原理和研究现状,分析了高能超声改善润湿性,促进分散,除气除渣的作用机理.指出用高能超声制备纳米增强金属基复合材料是未来发展的重点,提出了改善高能超声作用的有效途径.     

高能乳化器的使用、检修与安全控制

文章通过对高能乳化器的结构及工作原理的分析,阐述了高能乳化器的使用及检修方法,生产过程中的安全控制防范措施。     

高能激光与应用光学的几个问题

高能激光的产生、传输和应用是现代激光技术和光学工程的一个重要发展方向。它不仅涉及到一系列物理问题,还有赖于多项要求极高的工程技术问题。文章提出了8个与高能激光有关的应用光学问题,包括高能激光器、高质量光学元器件、先进的自适应光学技术、非线性光学相共轭技术、变频技术及光束相干合成技术等。着重阐明对它们的要求和可能的发展方向。     

高能球磨法制备铁,钨金属微粉的研究

用高能机械球磨砺 法制备了金属铁，钨微粉，分析了铁，钨粉末产品的粒度分布特性，比表面积变化情况，讨论了原料性质，球磨时间，球磨强度，球料比等因素对高能磨过程的影响。     

高能ZnO压敏电阻在发电机灭磁中的应用

论述了发电机灭磁原理及要求.高能ZnO压敏电阻作为大容量吸能元件,由于其优异的非线性特性和浪涌吸收特性,在发电机灭磁中具有优越性,得到很好的应用.介绍了高能ZnO压敏电阻的制造方法,在此基础上论述了改善高能ZnO压敏电阻能量耐量和通流性能的方法,最后提出了要规范高能ZnO压敏电阻性能参数和检测标准.     

高能束熔覆涂层质量缺陷形成机理及控制方法研究现状

高能束熔覆涂层在制备时易出现裂纹、气孔等质量缺陷,严重阻碍了高能束熔覆技术的工业化应用。本文分析了高能束熔覆涂层裂纹缺陷的形成原因,从制备功能梯度涂层、采用辅助熔覆技术和预处理措施三个方面,总结了目前主流的熔池温度梯度和应力控制方法以及研究进展。提出了当前高能束熔覆涂层质量控制面临的主要问题,并对高能束熔覆涂层质量控制的发展前景进行了分析。     

镀铬/高能束复合表面处理研究进展

根据高能束对镀铬涂层及其界面强化机制的不同,镀铬/高能束表面复合技术可分为两类:高能束强化镀铬涂层复合技术和高能束预处理基体/镀铬复合技术.前者典型代表有激光表面强化或等离子体氮化/镀铬涂层;后者主要代表是激光预淬火基体/镀铬复合表面处理.综合阐述了上述3种典型的复合处理技术的原理、目的及实际综合效果;通过试验初步探讨了激光预淬火基体/镀铬复合技术延长镀铬身管寿命的主要机理.     

High‐Capacity Cathode Material with High Voltage for Li‐Ion Batteries

Electrochemical energy storage devices with a high energy density are an important technology in modern society, especially for electric vehicles. The most effective approach to improve the energy density of batteries is to search for high‐capacity electrode materials. According to the concept of energy quality, a high‐voltage battery delivers a highly useful energy, thus providing a new insight to improve energy density. Based on this concept, a novel and successful strategy to increase the energy density and energy quality by increasing the discharge voltage of cathode materials and preserving high capacity is proposed. The proposal is realized in high‐capacity Li‐rich cathode materials. The average discharge voltage is increased from 3.5 to 3.8 V by increasing the nickel content and applying a simple after‐treatment, and the specific energy is improved from 912 to 1033 Wh kg^?1. The current work provides an insightful universal principle for developing, designing, and screening electrode materials for high energy density and energy quality.     

The Density of High Energy Phonons Created from a Low Energy Phonon Pulse in Liquid 4He

We calculate the energy density of high energy phonons created from a pulse of low energy phonons spatially confined to a narrow cone. We include the tangential expansion of the propagating pulse and the interactions between high energy phonons within the pulse as well with low energy phonons. The expansion of the pulse causes it to cool so much that the creation of high energy phonons stops within 3 mm of the heater. The decay rate of high energy phonons governs the dynamic equilibrium inside the pulse. The magnitude of the high energy phonons, emitted by the pulse into the cold liquid helium, is calculated for different length pulses. It is found that small heaters can produce short pulses of high energy phonons from relatively long injected pulses.     

Electromechanical analysis of piezoelectric bimorph actuator in static state considering the nonlinearity at high electric field

This article contains electromechanical analysis of a piezoelectric bimorph actuator at high electric field by incorporating second-order constitutive equations of piezoelectric material. Tip deflection, block force, block moment, block load, output strain energy, output energy density, input electrical energy, and energy efficiency are analytically derived for the actuator at high electric field. The analysis shows that output energy and energy density increase more rapidly at high electric field, compared to the prediction by the linear model. The analysis shows energy efficiency depends on electric field. Some analytical results are validated with the published experimental results.     

高能量冲击载荷下高锰钢的耐磨性

冲击能量不同,高锰钢的磨损规律有不同的表现。纳米晶、非晶态是高能量冲击载荷下高锰钢特有的亚结构;高密度变形条带相互交叉、阻滞或截割,使奥氏体组织严重细化变为微晶甚至纳米晶,严重的点阵畸变使晶体的自由能高,使之变成非晶态;纳米晶与非晶态的产生是高能量冲击载荷下,高锰钢加工硬化的一种机制,是优越耐磨性的一个重要的原因。     

Radio frequency source power effect on silicon nitride films deposited by a room-temperature pulsed-PECVD

Silicon nitride (SiN) films deposited by using a pulsed-plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition system at room temperature were investigated as a function of radio frequency source power and duty ratio in the experimental ranges of 200-800 W and 40-90%, respectively. Diagnostic parameters, measured using a non-invasive ion energy analyzer, were related to SiN deposition rate. Decreasing the source power increased high ion energy, but decreased low ion energy. A high similarity between ion energy flux and ion energy was observed. Decreasing the source power increased the deposition rate for all duty ratios. For all the variations in the power and duty ratio, the deposition rate varied in the range of 290-640 Å/min. Decreasing the duty ratio was effective in increasing the deposition rate. The deposition rate was strongly correlated to high ion energy and high ion energy flux as a function of source power.     

高能束表面改性技术的研究现状及发展趋势

随着现代工业的发展,各行业对高性能涂层和高效环保加工工艺的要求越来越高。高能束表面改性技术是一种新型的表面改性技术,可以获得综合性能优异的涂层,具有能量密度特别高、非接触式加热、热影响区小、对工件基材的性能及尺寸影响小、工艺可控性强、便于计算机控制、环保等优点。高能柬表面改性技术包括了激光表面改性技术、电子束表面改性技术、离子注入表面改性技术、高密度太阳能表面改性技术。本文介绍了各种高能束表面改性技术的原理、应用现状和发展趋势。综述了高能束表面改性技术作为一种绿色环保技术,不会造成环境污染,拥有极大的发展潜力和经济效益,国内外都在积极的进行研究,以便得到综合性能更好的涂层,推动表面技术的发展。     

油井高聚能压裂技术及其在煤层气开采中的应用

为解决煤层气的增产改造难题,将油井工程中较成熟的高聚能压裂技术应用到煤层气开采中,并通过加入强行支撑剂、新型高聚能材料,改变点火孔数量及位置等方式对其进行改进,以提高煤层气井的采收率。为验证高聚能压裂技术在煤层气井中的应用效果,选择了部分井层开展了现场试验及应用效果评价。结果显示:煤层气井中实施高聚能压裂技术的工艺简单、成本较低、不污染地层,对煤层气井降压解析、提高产气量具有较好效果。     

高储能陶瓷/聚偏氟乙烯复合电介质的研究进展

介电电容器作为间歇产生的可持续能源的高效存储转换设备,在新能源领域发挥着不可替代的作用。而电介质电容器的核心是具有高储能密度的电介质材料。聚合物电介质材料由于具有击穿场强高、放电速度快、能长时间使用并可自修复等特点,成为高性能电容器的潜力候选材料,但聚合物本身较低的介电常数限制了其储能密度。通过将具有高介电常数的陶瓷填料与聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)聚合物复合,制备新型陶瓷/PVDF复合电介质,在提高电介质材料的介电性能和储能密度方面取得了重要进展。本文介绍了电介质材料的基本原理,综述了不同类型的陶瓷/PVDF复合电介质的结构、储能机制及介电储能性能,并对其未来发展趋势进行了展望。      

The Relaxation of High Energy Phonons in Anisotropic Distributions in Superfluid 4He

Anisotropic distributions of low energy phonons in momentum space, in superfluid helium, create high energy phonons with energy /k _B>10K. It has been shown that phonons with /k _B>11K cannot decay by the inverse of the process that creates them, if the low energy phonons are in such a momentum cone of 11°. Here we investigate other possible phonon scattering processes that could annihilate high energy phonons. We find that interactions between two high energy phonons, which can create one low and one high energy phonon, is effective. We calculate the scattering rates for all the four phonon processes as functions of momentum of the high energy phonon, cone angle and the temperature of the low energy phonons. We obtain analytic results from which we can understand the physical reasons for all the functional dependencies. The analytic results are in good agreement with our computer evaluations. We show that a dynamic equilibrium number of high energy phonons can be established in a propagating pulse of phonons and the distribution will be suprathermal.